Английская Википедия:German submarine U-53 (1939)
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Other ships Шаблон:Use dmy dates
Шаблон:Infobox ship imageШаблон:Infobox ship careerШаблон:Infobox ship characteristicsШаблон:Infobox service recordGerman submarine U-53 was a Type VIIB U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. She was laid down on 13 March 1937 at Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft in Kiel and went into service on 24 June 1939 under the command of Oberleutnant zur See (Oblt.z.S.) Dietrich Knorr.
Design
German Type VIIB submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIA submarines. U-53 had a displacement of Шаблон:Convert when at the surface and Шаблон:Convert while submerged.Шаблон:Sfn She had a total length of Шаблон:Convert, a pressure hull length of Шаблон:Convert, a beam of Шаблон:Convert, a height of Шаблон:Convert, and a draught of Шаблон:Convert. The submarine was powered by two MAN M 6 V 40/46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of Шаблон:Convert for use while surfaced, two AEG GU 460/8-276 double-acting electric motors producing a total of Шаблон:Convert for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two Шаблон:Convert propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of Шаблон:Convert and a maximum submerged speed of Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn When submerged, the boat could operate for Шаблон:Convert at Шаблон:Convert; when surfaced, she could travel Шаблон:Convert at Шаблон:Convert. U-53 was fitted with five Шаблон:Convert torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one [[8.8 cm SK C/35 naval gun|Шаблон:Convert SK C/35 naval gun]], 220 rounds, and one [[2 cm Flak 30|Шаблон:Convert]] anti-aircraft gun The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.Шаблон:Sfn
Service history
First patrol
U-53 began her first patrol on 29 August 1939, just prior to the outbreak of the Second World War, under the command of Ernst-Günter Heinicke. Also aboard was Ernst Sobe, the commander of the 7th ("Wegener") Flotilla.Шаблон:Sfn U-53 sank two British ships on this patrol: the tanker SS Cheyenne and the freighter SS Kafiristan.Шаблон:Sfn
Second patrol
A second patrol under Heinicke, beginning on 21 October produced no results. U-53, along with Шаблон:GS and Шаблон:GS, was to penetrate the Strait of Gibraltar and raid Allied shipping in the Mediterranean Sea. Daunted by the strong British forces at the straits, Heinicke did not attempt to force them and was transferred to the merchant raider Шаблон:Ship on his return to Germany.Шаблон:Sfn[1]
Third patrol
Harald Grosse replaced Heinicke for U-53Шаблон:'s third and final war patrol, which began on 2 February 1940. Grosse sank six ships for Шаблон:GRT, including the Spanish neutral Banderas, whose sinking strained relations between Germany and Spain. On 23Шаблон:Sfn or 24Шаблон:Sfn February (sources vary), U-53 was engaged and sunk by depth charges dropped by the British destroyer Шаблон:HMS west of the Orkney Islands with the loss of all hands, (42 dead).
In popular culture
In the 1953 film The Cruel Sea U53 was sunk by the fictitious frigate HMS Saltash Castle, her only kill.
In the film Eye of the Needle U-53 is the escape U-boat of the Needle (played by Donald Sutherland) waiting offshore. This is supposed to happen in 1944 in the timeline of the film.
In the 1958 film I Was Monty's Double U-53 is the U-boat which drops off the German commandos attempting to kidnap who they think is General Montgomery (actually his double played by M.E. Clifton James).
In the 1959 British comedy film Don't Panic Chaps U-53 is depicted as the submarine that surfaces to pick up the "stranded" German forces on an unnamed Adriatic Island.
Summary of raiding history
| Date[2] | Ship | Nationality | Tonnage (GRT) | Fate[2] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15 September 1939 | Cheyenne | Шаблон:Flag | 8,825 | Sunk |
| 17 September 1939 | Kafiristan | Шаблон:Flag | 5,193 | Sunk |
| 11 February 1940 | Imperial Transport | Шаблон:Flag | 8,022 | Damaged |
| 11 February 1940 | Snestad | Шаблон:Flag | 4,114 | Sunk |
| 12 February 1940 | Dalarö | Шаблон:Flag | 3,927 | Sunk |
| 13 February 1940 | Norna | Шаблон:Flag | 1,022 | Sunk |
| 14 February 1940 | Martin Goldschmidt | Шаблон:Flag | 2,095 | Sunk |
| 18 February 1940 | Banderas | Шаблон:Flag | 2,140 | Sunk |
References
Bibliography
External links
Шаблон:German Type VII submarines Шаблон:February 1940 shipwrecks
- Английская Википедия
- German Type VIIB submarines
- World War II submarines of Germany
- World War II shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean
- 1939 ships
- U-boats commissioned in 1939
- Ships built in Kiel
- Submarines lost with all hands
- U-boats sunk in 1940
- U-boats sunk by British warships
- U-boats sunk by depth charges
- Maritime incidents in February 1940
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