Английская Википедия:German submarine U-59 (1938)

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Шаблон:Infobox ship imageШаблон:Infobox ship careerШаблон:Infobox ship characteristicsШаблон:Infobox service record

German submarine U-59 was a Type IIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine that served in the Second World War. She was built by Deutsche Werke AG, Kiel. Ordered on 17 June 1937, she was laid down on 5 October as yard number 258. She was launched on 12 October 1938 and commissioned on 4 March 1939 under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Harald Jürst.

Design

German Type IIC submarines were enlarged versions of the original Type IIs. U-59 had a displacement of Шаблон:Convert when at the surface and Шаблон:Convert while submerged. Officially, the standard tonnage was Шаблон:Convert, however.Шаблон:Sfn The U-boat had a total length of Шаблон:Convert, a pressure hull length of Шаблон:Convert, a beam of Шаблон:Convert, a height of Шаблон:Convert, and a draught of Шаблон:Convert. The submarine was powered by two MWM RS 127 S four-stroke, six-cylinder diesel engines of Шаблон:Convert for cruising, two Siemens-Schuckert PG VV 322/36 double-acting electric motors producing a total of Шаблон:Convert for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two Шаблон:Convert propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of Шаблон:Convert and a maximum submerged speed of Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn When submerged, the boat could operate for Шаблон:Convert at Шаблон:Convert; when surfaced, she could travel Шаблон:Convert at Шаблон:Convert. U-59 was fitted with three Шаблон:Convert torpedo tubes at the bow, five torpedoes or up to twelve Type A torpedo mines, and a [[2 cm Flak 30|Шаблон:Convert anti-aircraft gun]]. The boat had a complement of 25.Шаблон:Sfn

Service history

The boat began her career by training with the 5th U-boat Flotilla from March to December 1939. She was declared operational on 1 January 1940 with the 1st flotilla. She was assigned to the 22nd flotilla on 1 January 1941, then the 19th flotilla on 1 July 1944. The last two assignments were as a "school" boat.

She carried out 13 patrols in which she sank 17 merchant ships, two auxiliary warships, and damaged a tanker. A further victim was declared a "total loss".

She was scuttled in the Kiel Arsenal at the end of the war. The wreck was broken up in 1945.

Operational career

1st, 2nd and 3rd patrols

For her first patrol, U-59 departed Helgoland, (the German island in the North Sea), on 29 August 1939, before war was declared. She arrived in Kiel on 11 September after an uneventful trip.

Her second sortie saw her first success, sinking the British trawler Lynx II west of the Shetland Islands on 28 October 1939. She also sank St. Nidian on the same date and Шаблон:HMS on the 30th.

Her third patrol also passed without incident.

4th, 5th and 6th patrols

The boat departed Wilhelmshaven on 14 December 1939 and sank Lister Шаблон:Convert off Newcastle on the 16th. She then sank the neutral Glitfriejell on the same day; the ship broke in two Шаблон:Convert off St. Abbs Head. Her next victim was the neutral Bogø which also broke in two, Шаблон:Convert east of May Island. U-59 returned to Germany, but this time to Kiel.

Her fifth outing took her from Kiel (leaving on 14 January 1940), to the vicinity of the British East Anglian coast. She returned, empty-handed, to Wilhelmshaven on 22 January.

The boat's sixth patrol saw her return to the East Anglian coast, but this time she was more successful, sinking Ellen M. on 1 February 1940 and Creofield and Portlet, both on 2 February.

7th, 8th, 9th and 10th patrols

Her seventh effort was uneventful, but her eighth, which commenced on 31 March 1940 was, at 38 days, her longest. She sank Navarra on 6 April, but was in turn attacked by a submarine on 5 May; a torpedo track was seen 100 m from her stern. She returned to Kiel on 7 May.

The submarine's ninth patrol was marked with the sinking of Sigyn on 1 August 1940 west of Oban (on the Scottish west coast). She completed the operation by docking at Bergen in occupied Norway on 4 August.

U-59Шаблон:'s tenth sortie began on 8 August 1940, it finished at Lorient on the French Atlantic coast on the 19th. In between, she sank Betty Шаблон:Convert west of Tory Island on 14 August.

11th, 12th and 13th patrols

On her eleventh patrol, the boat damaged two ships, San Gabriel and Anadara, both on 30 August 1940 and both west of Scotland.

Her twelfth effort, west of Ireland and Scotland, was followed by the journey from Lorient back to Bergen.

Her thirteenth and last operational patrol was a fairly straightforward affair: from Bergen, down the Norwegian coast arriving in Kiel on 20 October 1940.

Summary of raiding history

Date	Ship	Nationality	Tonnage	Fate
28 October 1939	Lynx II	Шаблон:Flagcountry	250	Sunk
28 October 1939	St. Nidian	Шаблон:Flagcountry	565	Sunk
30 October 1939	HMS Northern Rover	Шаблон:Navy	655	Sunk
6 December 1939	HMS Washington	Шаблон:Navy	209	Sunk (Mine)
12 December 1939	Marwick Head	Шаблон:Flagcountry	496	Sunk (Mine)
16 December 1939	Glitrefjell	Шаблон:Flagcountry	1,568	Sunk
16 December 1939	Lister	Шаблон:Flagcountry	1,366	Sunk
17 December 1939	Bogø	Шаблон:Flagcountry	1,214	Sunk
17 December 1939	Jaegersborg	Шаблон:Flagcountry	1,245	Sunk
19 January 1940	Quiberon	Шаблон:Flagcountry	1,296	Sunk
1 February 1940	Ellen M.	Шаблон:Flagcountry	498	Sunk
2 February 1940	Creofield	Шаблон:Flagcountry	838	Sunk
2 February 1940	Portelet	Шаблон:Flagcountry	1,064	Sunk
6 April 1940	Navarra	Шаблон:Flagcountry	2,118	Sunk
1 August 1940	Sigyn	Шаблон:Flagcountry	1,981	Sunk
14 August 1940	Betty	Шаблон:Flagcountry	2,339	Sunk
30 August 1940	Anadara	Шаблон:Flagcountry	8,009	Damaged
30 August 1940	San Gabriel	Шаблон:Flagcountry	4,943	Total Loss
31 August 1940	Bibury	Шаблон:Flagcountry	4,616	Sunk
7 October 1940	Touraine	Шаблон:Flagcountry	5,811	Sunk
12 October 1940	Pacific Ranger	Шаблон:Flagcountry	6,865	Sunk

Bibliography

• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book

External links

• Шаблон:Cite web
• Шаблон:Cite web