Английская Википедия:German submarine U-862
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Шаблон:Infobox ship imageШаблон:Infobox ship careerШаблон:Infobox ship careerШаблон:Infobox ship characteristicsШаблон:Infobox service recordШаблон:Infobox service recordШаблон:Axis naval attacks on Australia
German submarine U-862 was a Type IXD2 U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. After Germany's surrender in May 1945, U-862 put into Singapore and was taken over by the Imperial Japanese Navy under the name I-502.[1]
U-862 was laid down on 15 August 1942 by DeSchiMAG AG Weser of Bremen. She was commissioned on 7 October 1943 with Kapitänleutnant Heinrich Timm in command. Timm commanded U-862 for her entire career in Kriegsmarine and received a promotion to Korvettenkapitän on 1 July 1944. U-862 conducted two patrols, sinking seven ships totalling Шаблон:GRT.[1]
Design
German Type IXD2 submarines were considerably larger than the original Type IXs. U-862 had a displacement of Шаблон:Convert when at the surface and Шаблон:Convert while submerged.Шаблон:Sfn The U-boat had a total length of Шаблон:Convert, a pressure hull length of Шаблон:Convert, a beam of Шаблон:Convert, a height of Шаблон:Convert, and a draught of Шаблон:Convert. The submarine was powered by two MAN M 9 V 40/46 supercharged four-stroke, nine-cylinder diesel engines plus two MWM RS34.5S six-cylinder four-stroke diesel engines for cruising, producing a total of Шаблон:Convert for use while surfaced, two Siemens-Schuckert 2 GU 345/34 double-acting electric motors producing a total of Шаблон:Convert for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two Шаблон:Convert propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of Шаблон:Convert and a maximum submerged speed of Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn When submerged, the boat could operate for Шаблон:Convert at Шаблон:Convert; when surfaced, she could travel Шаблон:Convert at Шаблон:Convert. U-862 was fitted with six Шаблон:Convert torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and two at the stern), 24 torpedoes, one [[10.5 cm SK C/32 naval gun|Шаблон:Convert SK C/32 naval gun]], 150 rounds, and a [[3.7 cm Flak 18/36/37/43|Шаблон:Convert Flak M42]] with 2575 rounds as well as two [[2 cm FlaK 30|Шаблон:Convert C/30]] anti-aircraft guns with 8100 rounds. The boat had a complement of fifty-five.Шаблон:Sfn
Service history
First patrol
U-862 was one of the most travelled of all U-boats. She sailed from Germany in May 1944 and eventually reached Penang, in Japanese-controlled Malaya, in September 1944. Penang was the base for the 33rd U-boat Flotilla, code-named Monsun Gruppe ("Monsoon Group").
On the way there, she launched a T5/G7es Zaunkönig I acoustic homing torpedo at a tanker. The Zaunkönig came around full circle to home in on U-862. Only an emergency crash dive and staying silent saved the U-boat from her own torpedo. She also shot down an Allied Consolidated PBY Catalina aircraft H of No. 265 Squadron RAF on 20 August 1944 and then escaped an intense search for her. She sank several merchant ships in the Mozambique Channel between Africa and Madagascar.
Second patrol
Шаблон:See also U-862 departed for her second war patrol from Batavia in the Japanese-occupied Netherlands East Indies in December 1944. She sailed down the west coast of Australia, across the Great Australian Bight, around the southern coast of Tasmania and then north towards Sydney where she sank the U.S.-registered Liberty ship Шаблон:SS on 25 December 1944. She then travelled around New Zealand and entered the port of Napier at night undetected.[2] This has given birth to an urban legend in New Zealand, where it is said that the captain of U-862 sent sailors ashore at night to steal fresh milk from a farm. This may arise from a joke made by Captain Timm to Air Vice Marshal Sir Rochford Hughes in the late 1950s.[3] U862's voyage to New Zealand was portrayed in a stage comedy U Boat Down Under which was written and directed by Peter Tait and performed at Downstage Theatre, Wellington from 27 July to 5 August 2006.[4]
U-862 then returned to the Indian Ocean. On 6 February 1945, about 1,520 km (820 nm) south-west of Fremantle, U-862 sank the U.S.-registered Liberty ship, Шаблон:SS, which was loaded with mules bound for Burma.
U-862 was also a trial boat for the FuMo 65 Hohentwiel radar system. This was cranked out of a casing on the port side of the conning tower and rose on a mast. The aerial was hand trained onto targets whilst the U-boat was on the surface. The radar had a range up to Шаблон:Convert and was very effective where there was little risk from air attack on the U-boat.
Transfer to Japan
When Germany surrendered in May 1945, she put into Singapore and was taken over by the Imperial Japanese Navy.[5]Шаблон:Rp On 15 July 1945 she became the IJN submarine I-502. The I-502 surrendered at Singapore in August 1945 and was scuttled in the Strait of Malacca at Шаблон:Coord on 15 February 1946.[1]
The German crew of U-862 suffered no casualties, and some returned to Germany several years after the war. Others who were interned at Kinmel Camp, Bodelwyddan, North Wales, remained in Wales and settled in the neighbouring communities of Rhyl, Rhuddlan and Prestatyn, due to the risks of returning to the Soviet occupied areas of Germany after the war. Two of the crew are buried at the new cemetery at Rhuddlan, North Wales, on nearby plots.
Summary of raiding history
| Date | Ship name | Nationality | Tonnage (GRT) |
Fate[6] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 25 July 1944 | Robin Goodfellow | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 6,885 | Sunk |
| 13 August 1944 | Radbury | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 3,614 | Sunk |
| 16 August 1944 | Empire Lancer | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 7,037 | Sunk |
| 18 August 1944 | Nairung | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 5,414 | Sunk |
| 19 August 1944 | Wayfarer | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 5,068 | Sunk |
| 24 December 1944 | Robert J. Walker | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 7,180 | Sunk |
| 6 February 1945 | Peter Silvester | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 7,176 | Sunk |
See also
References
Bibliography
External links
Шаблон:German Type IXD submarines Шаблон:German Type IX submarines Шаблон:1946 shipwrecks
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокuboatnetне указан текст - ↑ According to U-Boat Far from Home, U-862 entered Gisborne Port – not Napier
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Giese, O., 1994, Shooting the War, Annapolis: United States Naval Institute, Шаблон:ISBN
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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