Английская Википедия:Gian Rinaldo Carli

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Шаблон:Infobox person Gian Rinaldo Carli (1720–1795), also known by other names, was an Italian economist, historian, and antiquarian.

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Name

"Gian Rinaldo Carli" is the modern Italian form of his name,Шаблон:Sfnp which may also appear as "Gianrinaldo Carli"Шаблон:SfnpШаблон:Sfnp or "Gian-Rinaldo Carli".Шаблон:Sfnp His Шаблон:Lang was credited to "Conte Don Gianrinaldo Carli-Rubbi".Шаблон:Sfnp In this name, Шаблон:Lang is the Italian form of "count", Шаблон:Lang is an honorific derived from the Latin Шаблон:Lang ("lord, master"), "Gian" is the most common Italian diminutive for Giovanni, and his surname has been hyphenated with his wife's.Шаблон:Sfnp His Шаблон:Lang was credited to "Commendatore Conte Don Gianrinaldo Carli",Шаблон:Sfnp where Шаблон:Lang is the Italian form of "commander", from his knightly honors. He signed his name in Latin as "Шаблон:Lang".Шаблон:Sfnp In early English sources, his name also appears as "Giovanni Rinaldo, Count of Carli",Шаблон:Sfnp and "Giovanni Rinaldo, Count of Carli-Rubbi".Шаблон:Sfnp

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Life

Файл:Ca' Rezzonico Sala del trono ritratto di Gianrinaldo Carli-Rubbi 1749 - Bartolomeo Nazzari.jpg
Gian Rinaldo Carli by Bartolomeo Nazari

Giovanni Rinaldo Carli was born at Capo d'Istria in the Republic of Venice (now Koper in Slovenia) on April 11, 1720,Шаблон:Sfnp the eldest child of Count Rinaldo Carli and Cecilia Imberti.Шаблон:Sfnp

He distinguished himself as a student and young scholar.Шаблон:Sfnp In 1744,Шаблон:Sfnp at the age of 24, he was appointed by the Venetian Senate to the University of Padua's newly established professorship of astronomy and navigation. At the same time, he was entrusted with superintendence over the Venetian marine.Шаблон:Sfnp During these years he was part of a major dispute in Italian academia over the existence of sorcerers, with the vast majority of the academics siding with the Girolamo Tartarotti against the Marquis of Maffei and Count Carli's sharp scepticism.Шаблон:Sfnp He filled his offices ably for seven years before resigning them to study economics and history. His works on economics attracted the attention of Leopold of Tuscany,Шаблон:Sfnp afterwards emperor, who placed him at the head of his economics council and board of public instruction in 1765. In 1769, he became privy councillor and, in 1771, president of a new council of finances.Шаблон:Sfnp In his old age, he was relieved of the duties of these offices while continuing to receive their income.Шаблон:Sfnp During his leisure, he produced works on Italian history and other topics.Шаблон:Sfnp

Count Carli died of illness at Cusano in MilanШаблон:Sfnp on February 22, 1795.Шаблон:Sfnp

Works

Файл:Carli, Gian Rinaldo – Dissertazione intorno alla declinazione o variazione della calamita e bussola nautica dal polo, 1747 – BEIC 11372926.jpg
Dissertazione intorno alla declinazione o variazione della calamita e bussola nautica dal polo, 1747

His principal economic works are his On Money; his 1759 Ragionamento..., in which he argued that the balance of trade between two nations cannot be looked at in isolation as both may gain from their reciprocal transactions; and his 1771 On Free Trade in Grain, which argues that free trade in grain—as adopted by Great Britain following its later repeal of its Corn Laws—is not always advisable.Шаблон:Sfnp His principal historical work was his Italian Antiquities, in which the literature and arts of his country are ably discussed. Other works of note were his The Free Man, a rebuttal of Rousseau's Social Contract; an attack upon Abbe Tartarotti's assertion of the existence of magicians; his Observations on Ancient and Modern Music; and several poems.Шаблон:Sfnp A collected edition of his works was published in 18 volumes at Milan from 1784 to '94; it does not include his American Letters.Шаблон:Sfnp

References

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Sources

External links

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