Английская Википедия:Gilets noirs
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:More citations needed The Black vests or Black jackets (Шаблон:Lang-fr) is a French activist organization mostly composed of undocumented immigrants. The group campaigns for the provision of administrative documents for all immigrants, as well as decent housing and living conditions.[1] The Gilets noirs arose partly in response to perceived racist, anti-immigrant, and pro-fascist sentiment among the Yellow vests movement.Шаблон:Citation needed
Founding and goals
The Black vests movement started in November 2018 in Île-de-France.
It is made up of people who self-identify as "immigrants with or without papers, children of immigrants, allies of the cause, housed and unhoused people", mostly based in the "Шаблон:Lang", high density social housing for immigrant workers.[2][3] They gained public attention in July 2019, when they jointly occupied the Panthéon with the Шаблон:Lang ('Stand up La Chapelle') collective, and the Шаблон:Lang ("Rights up front!") association, to demand a meeting with then-Prime Minister Édouard Philippe to make their demands heard.[4] The groups called this action "Black vests looking for the Prime Minister", and it was the subject of an editorial in the daily newspaper Шаблон:Lang.[5]
The movement's demands include: collective regularisation of their legal status in France, access to decent, safe and healthy housing, the end of deportations and deportation orders (Шаблон:Lang-fr), the end of exploitative off-the-books employment, and freedom of movement & residence.[6][7] Since France introduced movement restrictions in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Black vests have also denounced unsanitary conditions in Шаблон:Ill and the impossibility of social distancing there, particularly by organising a rent strike to force property managers to disinfect homes and provide residents with cleaning and hygiene supplies.[8]
Timeline of the collective's actions
- November 2018: 400-person demonstration against detention centers.[5]
- December 2018: 700-person occupation of the "Comédie-Française" theater, demanding a meeting with the Minister of the Interior.[5]
- January 2019: Protest in front of the Paris prefecture in which 1500 people demanded legal status.[5]
- March 2019: Joined the march against state racism and police violence.[5]
- May 2019: Four-hour blockade of Air France terminal 2F at Paris-Charles-de-Gaulle airport in opposition to the deportation of immigrants.[5]
- June 2019: Occupation of the headquarters of the Elior restaurant group in La Défense to denounce the off-the-books employment used by this company.[5]
- July 2019: Symbolic occupation of the Paris Panthéon.[5]
- July 2019: Joined the march against police violence in Beaumont-sur-Oise in memory of Adama Traoré.
- May 2020: Joined the Black Lives Matter solidarity march in Paris's Place de la République.
Public endorsements
The Black vests have been publicly endorsed by numerous organizations, including ACT UP-Paris, Paris & suburbs anti-fascist action (Шаблон:Lang-fr), the Шаблон:Lang union, Шаблон:Lang, the Moroccan Association for Human Rights, the Mwasi Collective, and the association of Maghrebi workers in France (Шаблон:Lang-fr).[5]
Elected officials, including MP Éric Coquerel, Paris city councilmember David Belliard, and Senator Esther Benbassa, have also expressed support for the collective.[9]
References
