Английская Википедия:Glamour (presentation)
In the field of cultural studies, glamour is the impression of attraction or fascination that a particularly luxurious or elegant appearance creates, an impression which intensifies reality. Typically, a person, event, location, technology, or product such as a piece of clothing can be glamorous or add glamour. "Glamour" originally referred to a magic spell, an illusion said to be cast by witches.
Virginia Postrel says that for glamour to be successful it nearly always requires sprezzatura—an appearance of effortlessness, and to appear distant—transcending the everyday, to be slightly mysterious and somewhat idealised, but not to the extent it is no longer possible to identify with the person.[3] Glamorous things are neither opaque, hiding all, nor transparent showing everything, but translucent, favourably showing things.[4]
The early Hollywood star system in particular specialised in Hollywood glamour where they systematically glamorised their actors and actresses.[3]
Glamour can be confused with a style, which is adherence to a particular school of fashion, or intrinsic beauty; whereas glamour can be external and deliberate.
History
"Glamour" originally referred to a magic spell, an illusion said to be cast by witches. In the late 19th century terminology, a non-magical item used to help create a more attractive appearance gradually became known as 'a glamour'.[3]
Late in the 19th century the common meaning shifted to being applied to ordinary objects and jewellery without connotations of supernatural, merely upon the effect that it has on appearance. This is a sense used in this article and to some extent is the way that it was used by the early Hollywood system.
In modern usage glamour is often confused with style or beauty; but they may be considered to be distinct, although glamour may give the appearance of beauty or present as a personal style.
Design
Many forms of architecture employ glamorous motifs to enhance the appearance of what may be otherwise mundane buildings. The Art Deco style is generally considered to be a glamorous one.[2]
Cinema
The "Golden Age" of the glamour in Hollywood was the 1930s and 1940s, following the depression and its aftermath.[5]
Hollywood studios presented their female stars in designer gowns and exquisite jewelry,[6] both on screen and in carefully orchestrated occasions for publicity. Joan Crawford is quoted to have said, "I never go outside unless I look like Joan Crawford, the movie star."[7]
Photography was shot in rooms that had been specially painted to flatter the skin tone of the actors and actresses, and attention was paid to hair and clothes.[3] Notably this was successfully done with:
Icons
Glamour icons are people that are thought to epitomise glamour, that have an individual style that makes them more attractive.
For example: Шаблон:Div col
- Caroline, Princess of Hanover, Hereditary Princess of Monaco (well-known worldwide simply as Princess Caroline of Monaco)
- Diana, Princess of Wales
- Princess Grace of Monaco
- Queen Elizabeth II[8]
- Coco Chanel
- Joan Collins[9]
- Joan Crawford
- Marilyn Monroe
- The Supremes
- Mariah Carey
- Marlene Dietrich
- Ava Gardner[9]
- Jean Harlow
- Audrey Hepburn
- Sophia Loren[9]
- Aishwarya Rai[8]
- Gloria Swanson
- Elizabeth Taylor
- Doris Day
- Lana Turner[10]
- Mae West
Photography
Glamour photography is the photographing of a model with the emphasis on the model and the model's sexuality and allure; with any clothing, fashion, products or environment contained in the image being of minor consideration. Photographers use a combination of cosmetics, lighting and airbrushing techniques to produce the most physically appealing image of the model possible.
See also
- Beauty, attractiveness
- Celebutante, seeking and using fame for fame sake
- Dandy, a low-class person wearing typical high-class clothing
- Diva, theatre, cinema and music stardom
- Elegance, simple grace and dignified propriety
- Glam rock, a type of music where the musicians used outrageous glamours such as platform shoes and outrageous hairstyles
- Glamour photography, photography which shows a model, often nude or seminude
- Sprezzatura, to appear as without effort
- Style, dressing according to a school of thought
References
Further reading
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 3,3 3,4 3,5 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ "Hollywood Glamour: Fashion and Jewelry from the Silver Screen", Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
- ↑ Khvan, Olga. "MFA Shows Off Allure, Manipulation of 'Hollywood Glamour'", Boston Magazine, September 9, 2014
- ↑ 8,0 8,1 Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ 9,0 9,1 9,2 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news Шаблон:Free access
