Английская Википедия:Gloria Dei (Old Swedes') Church

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Gloria Dei Church, known locally as Old SwedesШаблон:', is a historic church located in the Southwark neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, at 929 South Water Street, bounded by Christian Street on the north, South Christopher Columbus Boulevard (formerly Delaware Avenue) on the east, and Washington Avenue on the south. It was built between 1698 and 1700,[1][2] making it the oldest church in Pennsylvania and second oldest Swedish church in the United States after Holy Trinity Church (Old Swedes) in Wilmington, Delaware.

The carpenters for the building were John Smart and John Buett[2] and bricks were supplied by Richard Cantril.[3] The church displays the English vernacular style of church design, which combines elements of the Medieval and Gothic styles.[1] The church's vestry and entranceway were added in 1703 to buttress the walls, which had begun to buckle under the weight of the roof.[1] The tower was added c.1733, and interior alterations were made in 1845, designed by Samuel Sloan.[2]

The congregation was established on Tinicum Island in 1646.[4] It moved to its present site in 1677, five years before the founding of the city of Philadelphia, and the graveyard around the church to about the same time. Formerly a Swedish Lutheran congregation, the church has been Episcopalian since 1845.

History

Файл:Gloria Dei 1860 Clay.jpg
The Reverend Jehu Curtis Clay in the churchyard (c.1860)

Gloria Dei is the oldest church in Pennsylvania and second oldest Swedish church in the United States after Holy Trinity Church (Old Swedes) in Wilmington, Delaware. Swedish pioneers of New Sweden were the first to settle the area in 1646. An existing blockhouse at Wicaco (now South Philadelphia), had been renovated for worship in 1677 and was used until the present church (built beginning in 1698) was consecrated on the First Sunday after Trinity, June 2, 1700.[5][6] Colonial painter Gustavus Hesselius was a member here.[7]

In 1703, Gloria Dei was the site of the first regular Lutheran ordination in the Americas, that of Justus Falckner, a German theology student. Jenny Lind sang here during one of her American tours. Hanging in the center aisle is a Swedish chandelier given by famous Swedish artist Carl Milles. Recollections of many Swedish royal and episcopal visits are treasured memories, including models of Fogel Grip and Kalmar Nyckel, the first Swedish ships to arrive in New Sweden.[8]

The church has a collection of historical and religious artifacts the church has acquired over three centuries, including bronze crosses and 18th century Bibles in Swedish and English. In 1845, the formerly Swedish Lutheran congregation joined the Episcopal Church.[9] Today the church is owned and maintained by its congregation of Episcopalians.[10]

The church was designated a National Historic Site on November 17, 1942. It is an affiliated area of the National Park Service under Independence National Historical Park. The church site is owned and administered by the Corporation of Gloria Dei (Old Swedes') Church. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 15, 1966.[11] Шаблон:Clear left

Swedish pastors

  • Andreas Rudman, 1697-1702
  • Andreas Sandel, 1702-1719
  • Jonas Lidman, 1719-1730
  • Johan Eneberg, acting 1730-1733
  • Johannes Dylander, 1737-1741
  • Gabriel Näsman, 1743-1750
  • Olof Parlin, 1750-1757
  • Erik Nordenlind, acting 1757-1759
  • Carl Magnus Wrangel, 1759-1768
  • Anders Göransson, 1768-1779
  • Matthias Hultgren, 1779-1786
  • Nicholas Collin, 1786-1831

Source:[12]

Cemetery

Шаблон:See also

Файл:2014 Gloria Dei (Old Swedes') Church graveyard.jpg
Part of the church's graveyard in 2014

The church cemetery includes the following interments:

Gallery

See also

Шаблон:Portal

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Commons category

Шаблон:South Philadelphia Шаблон:National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania Шаблон:Protected areas of Pennsylvania

Шаблон:Authority control

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  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 Шаблон:Cite philarch, p.20
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 Шаблон:Cite philarchmit, p.178
  3. ↑ Craig, Peter Stebbins; and Kim-Eric Williams, eds. Colonial Records of the Swedish Churches in Pennsylvania. Philadelphia: Swedish Colonial Society, 2006., v. 2, p154.
  4. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  5. ↑ O'Connor, Mary Eileen, Gloria Dei "Old Swedes" Church (Holy Philadelphia highlights region's religious diversity), Holy Philadelphia, an original WHYY program)
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  7. ↑ Records of Holy Trinity Church (Old Swedes') Church, Wilmington, Delaware. Separate Index, 1730.
  8. ↑ Williams, Rev. Dr. Kim-Eric The Eight Old Swedes' Churches of New Sweden (Wilmington, DE: New Sweden Center, 1999)
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  10. ↑ Ashmead, Henry Graham, History of Delaware County, Pennsylvania (Chapter II, Philadelphia: L. H. Everts & Co. 1884)
  11. ↑ The National Parks: Index 2001-2003. Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior
  12. ↑ Norberg, Otto (1893). Svenska kyrkans mission vid Delaware. Diss. Uppsala universitet.
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