Английская Википедия:Gloria in excelsis Deo, BWV 191

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox Bach composition

Шаблон:Lang (Glory to God in the Highest), Шаблон:AbbrШаблон:Nbsp191, is a church cantata written by the German Baroque composer Johann Sebastian Bach, and the only one of his church cantatas set to a Latin text. He composed the Christmas cantata in Leipzig probably in 1742, for a celebration by the university of Leipzig.[1][2] The composition's three movements all derive from the Gloria of Bach's 1733 Kyrie–Gloria Mass, which the composer would later use as the Gloria of his Mass in B minor.[3]

History

Шаблон:Lang was written in Leipzig for Christmas Day, as indicated by the heading on the manuscript in Bach's own handwriting, "Шаблон:Lang – Celebration for the birth of Christ), to be sung around the sermon. Recent archival and manuscript evidence suggest the cantata was first performed, not in 1743, nor in 1745 at a special Christmas Day service to celebrate the Peace of Dresden, which brought to an end the hardships imposed on the region by the Second Silesian War,[3][4] but likely in 1742, for a regular Christmas celebration by the university of Leipzig at the Paulinerkirche.[1][2]

Unlike Bach's other church cantatas, the words are not in German, taken from the Bible, a chorale or contemporary poetry, but in Latin, taken from the Gloria and the Doxology. This late work is the only Latin cantata among around 200 surviving sacred cantatas in German. It is based on an earlier composition, Bach's 1733 Mass for the Dresden court, which would, in 1748, become the first part of his monumental Mass in B minor. The first movement (Gloria) is an almost identical copy of the first two movements of the Gloria of the earlier work, while the second and third movements are close parodies of the earlier Gloria's fifth and ninth movements.[2] Parts, for instance, of the fugal section of Шаблон:Lang, taken from the Шаблон:Lang of the 1733 setting, are moved from a purely vocal to an instrumentally accompanied setting.[3] The modifications Bach made to the last two movements of BWV 191, however, were not carried over into the final manuscript compilation of the Mass in B minor, leaving it a matter of speculation whether or not these constitute "improvements" to Bach's original score.[5]

Scoring, words and structure

The cantata bears the heading ::Шаблон:Lang in Bach's own handwriting. The cantata is festively scored for soprano and tenor soloists and an unusual five-part choir (with a dual soprano part), three trumpets, timpani, two flauto traverso, two oboes, two violins, viola, and basso continuo.[2] Its only link to Christmas is the opening chorus on Luke (Шаблон:Sourcetext), to be performed before the sermon. The other two movements after the sermon (marked "Шаблон:Lang") divide the general words of the Doxology in a duet Шаблон:Lang (corresponding to the Шаблон:Lang, the central piece of the Шаблон:Lang of the Mass in B minor) and a final chorus Шаблон:Lang (corresponding to Шаблон:Lang of the Gloria). The final movement may contain ripieno markings (to accompany the chorus) similar to the ripieni found in Шаблон:Lang, which was also a nativity cantata.[3]

  1. Coro: Шаблон:Lang
  2. Duetto (soprano/tenor): Шаблон:Lang
  3. Coro: Шаблон:Lang

Recordings

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Further reading

External links

Шаблон:Church cantatas by Johann Sebastian Bach Шаблон:Bach cantatas Шаблон:Authority control

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  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Rathey не указан текст
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок BachDigital не указан текст
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 3,3 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Butt не указан текст
  4. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Butler не указан текст
  5. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Butt 1991 не указан текст
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