Английская Википедия:Glossary of tennis terms

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Шаблон:Short description This page is a glossary of tennis terminology. Шаблон:Compact TOC

A

B

Файл:Ball kid - 2010 Australian Open.jpg
A ball boy in action
  • Шаблон:Anchor Backboard: Vertical wall, often with the image of a tennis net painted on it, that is used to practice hitting against such that the ball bounces back without the need for a partner.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Backcourt: The area of the tennis court between the baseline and the service line.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Backhand: Stroke in which the ball is hit with the back of the racket hand facing the ball at the moment of contact. A backhand is often hit by a right-handed player when the ball is on the left side of the court, and vice versa.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Backhand smash: A type of smash played over the backhand side.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Backspin: Shot that rotates the ball backwards after it is hit; also known as slice or underspin. The trajectory of the shot is affected by an upward force that lifts the ball. See Magnus effect.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Backswing: Portion of a swing where the racket is swung backwards in preparation for the forward motion to hit the ball.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Bagel: Colloquial term for winning or losing a set 6–0 (the shape of the zero being reminiscent of the round shape of a bagel). See also breadstick.[4][5]Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Bagnall-Wild: A method of draw which places all byes in the first round. Introduced in the 1880s by Ralph Bagnall Bagnall-Wild.[6][7]
  • Шаблон:Anchor Ball boy (also ball girl or ballkid): a person, commonly a child, tasked with retrieving tennis balls from the court that have gone out of play and supplying the balls to the players before their service. Ball boys in net positions normally kneel near the net and run across the court to collect the ball, while ball boys in the back positions stand in the back along the perimeter of the arena. Ball boys in the back are responsible for giving the balls to the player serving.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Ball toss: The action of throwing up the ball prior to the serve.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Ball machine: Machine that shoots tennis balls onto the court at a similar speed and trajectory as a human player, allowing an individual to practice their strokes without the need for a partner.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Banana shot or banana forehand: Forehand hit down the line with sufficient spin that it curves in the air outside over the tramline and then back into the court again. A signature shot of Rafael Nadal.[8]
  • Шаблон:Anchor Baseline: Line at the farthest ends of the court indicating the boundary of the area of play. If the ball goes over the baseline it will be the other player's point.Шаблон:SfnpШаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Baseliner: Player who plays around the baseline during play and relies on the quality of their ground strokes.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Big serve: Forceful serve, usually giving an advantage in the point for the server.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Billie Jean King Cup (formerly Fed Cup or Federation Cup): International, annual women's tennis competition in which teams from participating countries compete in a single-elimination format tournament with matches occurring at several stages during the year.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Bisque: One stroke (point), which may be claimed by the receiver at any part of the set. Part of the handicapping odds and used during the early era of the sport. Abolished by the LTA in 1890.[9]
  • Шаблон:Anchor Block (or blocked shot, blocked return): Defensive shot with relatively little backswing and shortened action instead of a full swing, usually while returning a serve.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Bounce: The upward movement of the ball after it has hit the ground. The trajectory of the bounce can be affected by the surface and weather, the amount and type of spin and the power of the shot.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Breadstick: Colloquial term for winning or losing a set 6–1, with the straight shape of the one supposedly being reminiscent of the straight shape of a breadstick. See also bagel.[10]
  • Шаблон:Anchor Break back: To win a game as the receiving player or team immediately after losing the previous game as the serving player or team.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Break point: Point which, if won by the receiver, would result in a break of service; arises when the score is 30–40 or 40–ad. A double break point or two break points arises at 15–40; a triple break point or three break points arises at 0–40.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Break: To win a game as the receiving player or team, thereby breaking serve. At high level of play the server is more likely to win a game, so breaks are often key moments of a match. Noun: break (service break) (e.g. "to be a break down" means "to have, in a set, one break fewer than the opponent", "to be a double break up" means "to have, in a set, two breaks more than the opponent").Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Breaker: Colloquial term for tiebreak.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Brutaliser: Hitting the ball directly at the opponent.[11]
  • Шаблон:Anchor Buffalo Log: The population of unbiased spectators enqueued viva their exchange mechanism, in attendance at the field.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Buggy whip: Forehand hit with a follow-through that does not go across the body and finish on the opposite side, but rather goes from low to high, crosses the opposite shoulder (optionally) and finishes on the same side (similar to the driver of a horse-drawn carriage whipping a horse). Used, for example, by Rafael Nadal (racket head crosses the opposite shoulder) and Maria Sharapova (racket head stays on the same shoulder).[12]
  • Шаблон:Anchor Bumper guard: A piece of plastic that protects the outside of the upper-half of the racket head.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Bye: Automatic advancement of a player to the next round of a tournament without facing an opponent. Byes are often awarded in the first round to the top-seeded players in a tournament.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Bunt: To use the power of the opponent's shot and hit it back with a short swing.

C

Файл:Tennis court imperial.svg
A tennis court with its dimensions and components

D

Файл:EVD-tenis-090.jpg
An example of a dead net cord
  • Шаблон:Anchor Dampener A small rubber device affixed to the strings of the racket to absorb some of the vibration caused by hitting the ball.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Davis Cup: International, annual men's tennis competition in which teams from participating countries compete in a single-elimination format, with matches occurring at several stages during the year.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Dead net (or dead net cord): Situation in which a player scores by inadvertently hitting the ball in such a way that it touches the upper cord of the net and rolls over to the other side; the player is said to have "gotten (caught) a dead net (dead net cord)" and considered to be lucky.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Dead rubber: Davis/Fed Cup match which is played after the victor of the tie has already been decided. Dead rubbers may or may not be played, depending on the coaches' agreement to do so, and are usually best of three, instead of five, sets. Typically, players who play the dead rubber are lower-ranked members of the team looking to gain Davis/Fed Cup match experience.[18]
  • Шаблон:Anchor Deciding point: In doubles, the point played when the game score reaches deuce and there is no ad play; the game is decided in favor of whichever team wins the deuce point.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Deep shot: Shot that lands near the baseline, as opposed to near the net or mid-court.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Default: Disqualification of a player in a match by the chair umpire after the player has received four code violation warnings, generally for their conduct on court. A default can occur with less than four code violations warnings if the code violation is judged severe enough to warrant it. A double default occurs when both players are disqualified. Defaults also occur when a player misses a match with no valid excuse. Defaults are considered losses.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Deuce court: Right side of the court of each player, so called because it is the area into which the ball is served when the score is deuce.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Deuce: Score of 40–40 in a game. A player must win two consecutive points from a deuce to win the game, unless the tournament employs deciding points, as in the 2010 ATP World Tour Finals. A player who has won one point after deuce is said to have the advantage.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Dig: A shot where the player hits the ball just before the second bounce. So named because the racket is positioned in a downward position, similar to a shovel digging a hole.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Dink: Onomatopoetic term for a shot with little pace, usually hit close to the net.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Direct acceptance ("DA"): The process followed for the bulk of players who enter and are selected for a tournament by ranking. The term "DA" may be used specifically where a player's ATP or WTA ranking would be insufficient to gain entry into a tournament, but they are selected based on an ITF ranking, top 500 national ranking, or randomly if the player is unranked but more direct entry spots are needed to fill the draw.[19]
  • Шаблон:Anchor Dirtballer: Colloquial term for a clay court specialist.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Double bagel: Two sets won to love; see bagel.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Double break point: A situation where the receiver has two consecutive break point opportunities in game, or a score of 15–40.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Double break (or double-break): An advantage of two breaks of service in a set.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Double fault: Two serving faults in a row in one point, causing the player serving to lose the point.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Double-handed backhand (or double-hander): See two-handed backhand.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Double-handed forehand (or double-hander): See two-handed forehand.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Doubles net: A net used for playing doubles; longer than a singles net.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Doubles: Match played by four players, two per side of the court. A doubles court is 9 ft (2.97m) wider than a singles court.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Down the line: Ball hit straight along the sideline to the opponent's side of the court.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Draw: The schedule of matches in a tennis tournament. The starting fixtures are determined by a combined process of player seeding and random selection, and may or may not involve a public draw ceremony. A qualifying draw is set up to arrange the starting lineup of the qualifying competition (qualies), from where unseeded players qualify for a place in the starting lineup or the main draw of the tournament.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Drive volley (or drive-volley, swing volley): a tennis volley executed with full swing or topspin drive, thus with pace and conventionally at shoulder height; in the manner of a forehand or backhand swing.Шаблон:Sfnp[20]
  • Шаблон:Anchor Drive: Groundstroke hit with a flat trajectory.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Drop (a set): to lose (the set)
  • Шаблон:Anchor Drop shot (colloquial: dropper): Play in which the player hits the ball lightly enough to just go over the net, usually with backspin; designed to catch a player who is away from the net off guard.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Drop volley: Drop shot executed from a volley position.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Dual match: A team competition format used at the college level in the US. In NCAA Division I, a dual match consists of three one-set doubles matches and six singles matches. One point is awarded to the team that wins two or more of the doubles sets, and six more points are awarded for each singles win. The winner of the dual match is the team with four or more of the seven points.[21]

E

  • Шаблон:Anchor Elbow: Corner of the baseline and the doubles alley.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Emergency substitution ("ES"): ATP Tour 250 Tournaments qualify for one (1) emergency substitution if the following conditions exist : i) Two (2) of the tournament’s top four (4) seeds on the original acceptance list withdraw; and ii) One (1) of the withdrawals involves the first or second seeded player; and iii) The substitute player (1) meets a minimum of one (1) of the following criteria: 1. A former top 20 player on the Pepperstone ATP rankings within the previous 5 years from the tournament date. 2. Past tournament champion. 3. A current player ranked in the top 5 on the current ITF International Junior Ranking. 4. A current player ranked in the top 2 of the host country official National Junior Ranking. To be eligible for the emergency substitution, the tournament must have declared their wildcards to the ATP prior to the withdrawal of the player that qualified them for the emergency substitution.[22][23][24]
  • Шаблон:Anchor Entry system: Ranking system used by the ATP and WTA tours, so named because it determines whether a player has a sufficiently high ranking to gain direct acceptance (not as a qualifier or wild card) into the main draw of a tournament. A player's Entry System ranking is different from their Race ranking, which is reset to zero at the beginning of each year. A player carries points and the associated Entry ranking continuously unless those points are lost at a tournament at which the player had previously earned them.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Error: A shot that does not land (correctly) in the opponent's court, resulting in the loss of a point.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Exhibition: Tournament in which players compete for the purpose of entertaining the crowd or raising money, but not ranking points on the ATP or WTA tours.

F

Файл:2014 US Open (Tennis) - Tournament - Bernard Tomic (14954485718).jpg
Example of a follow through action after the ball is hit

G

H

I

  • Шаблон:Anchor I-formation: Formation used in doubles where the net player on the serving team crouches roughly at the centre service line; used mainly to counter teams that prefer a crosscourt return.Шаблон:Sfnp[26]
  • Шаблон:Anchor Inside-in: Running around the backhand side to hit a forehand down the line. Vice versa for inside in backhand.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Inside-out: Running around the backhand side and hitting a crosscourt forehand. Vice versa for inside out backhand.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Insurance break: Break that achieves an overall advantage of two breaks of serve.
  • Шаблон:Anchor IPIN: Abbreviation for International Player Identification Number, a registration number required for all professional tennis players and administered by the governing body ITF.
  • Шаблон:Anchor ITF entry: High-ranking ITF players can be awarded a spot into ATP Challenger and ITF women's tournaments main draws based on their ITF ranking.
  • Шаблон:Anchor ITF: Abbreviation for International Tennis Federation, the governing body of world tennis. Founded in 1913 as the International Lawn Tennis Federation (ILTF).Шаблон:Sfnp

J

  • Шаблон:Anchor Jamming: Serving or returning straight into the opponent's body.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Junior exempt ("JE"): High-ranking junior players can be awarded a spot in the draw of a tournament through the ITF's junior exempt project.[27]
  • Шаблон:Anchor Junk ball: A shot or return stroke in which the ball tends to be slow and possibly also without spin; often introduced unpredictably to upset the flow of the game and the rhythm of the opposition.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Junk baller (or junkballer): Player that hits junk balls; often used in a derogative manner.

K

L

Файл:Line Judges Centre Court.JPG
Line judges at Wimbledon
  • Шаблон:Anchor Last direct ("LD"): a player with the lowest rank/rating allowed to participate directly in the tournament.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Late Entry ("LE"): A Late Entry spot is a reserved position (one) in each ATP Tour 250 tournament. Only players with a ranking better than the original tournament entry list cut are allowed to enter.[23][24]
  • Шаблон:Anchor Lawn tennis: "Regular" tennis, as opposed to real tennis, the game from which tennis is derived. Reflects the fact that the game was first played on grass.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Let-check: Electronic sensor on the net that assists chair umpires in calling lets by detecting vibration. Typically, it is used only on show courts in professional matches, like electronic review. Players and commentators occasionally complain that such devices are too sensitive, that is, indicate too many false positives.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Let: A call that requires the point to be replayed. The umpire indicates this type of let by announcing "Let. First serve", or "Let. Second serve." Lets typically occur when an otherwise-valid serve makes contact with the net before hitting the ground. Theoretically, a player could serve an unlimited number of otherwise-valid let serves, but a serve that touches the net and then lands out of bounds counts as one of the two allowed serves. A let can also be called during play when there is some distraction to either player not caused by the players themselves, such as a ball boy moving behind a receiver, debris flying across the court in windy conditions, or a ball accidentally falling out of a player's pocket or entering from a neighboring court. The call is made by the chair umpire when one is assigned to the match, as in professional matches, or one of the players when there is no chair umpire. When a receiver is legitimately unprepared for a serve, a let is technically the result, even if the word goes unspoken.[31]Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Line call (or call): Call made by the line judge. A call of 'out' will be made in combination with an outstretched arm pointing sideways if a ball lands outside the court and if the ball is 'in', i.e. lands on or within the outer lines, this is indicated by holding both hands flattened and the arms stretched downwards.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Line judge (or linesman, lineswoman or line umpire): Person designated to observe the passage of tennis balls over the boundary lines of the court. A line judge can declare that a play was inside or outside the play area and cannot be overruled by the players. Line judges must defer to an umpire's decision, even when it contradicts their own observations.Шаблон:SfnpШаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Lingering death tiebreak: Version of the tiebreak played as the best of twelve points, with a two-point advantage needed to clinch the set.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Lob volley: Type of volley shot aimed at lobbing the ball over the opponent and normally played when the opponent is in the vicinity of the net.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Lob: Stroke in which the ball is hit high above the net. If the opposing player or players are up at the net, the intention may be an offensive lob in order to win the point outright. In a defensive lob, the intent is to give the player time to recover and get in position, or, if the opponents are at the net, to force them to chase down the lob. See also moonball.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Long: A call to indicate that the ball has landed out of court, beyond the baseline.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Love game: Shutout game, won without the opponent scoring a single point.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Love hold: Game won by the server without the opponent scoring a single point.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Love: A score of zero (e.g. "15-0" is spoken "fifteen-love"; "to hold to love" means "to win the game when serving with the opponent scoring zero points"; "to break to love" means "to win the game when receiving with the opponent scoring zero points"). Thought to be derived from the French term, l'oeuf, literally the egg, meaning nothing; less popular alternative theory claiming it to be from the Dutch word lof doen, meaning honour.[32][33]Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Lucky loser ("LL"): Highest-ranked player to lose in the final round of qualifying for a tournament, but still ends up qualifying because of a sudden withdrawal by one of the players already in the main draw. In Grand Slam events, one of the four highest-ranked losers in the final qualifying round is randomly picked as the lucky loser.

M

N

  • Шаблон:Anchor Net cord: See dead net cord.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Net point: Point won or lost on approaching the net, as opposed to a point won or lost by a stroke from the baseline.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Net out: Fault occurred when the ball hits the net and lands outside the court during a serve.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Net posts: Posts on each side of the court which hold up the net. The net posts are placed 3 feet (0.914 m) outside the doubles court on each side, unless a singles net is used, in which case the posts are placed 3 feet (0.914 m) outside the singles court.[17]
  • Шаблон:Anchor Net sticks (or singles sticks): Pair of poles placed on the singles line to support the net during a singles match.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Net: Interlaced fabric, cord, and tape stretched across the entire width of the court; it is held up by the posts.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor New balls: A new set of balls replacing an old set, usually after seven or nine games have been played (the knock-up counts as two games), and requested by the chair umpire calling for "new balls, please." A necessary move since constant strokes cause balls to heat up and lose pressure and velocity, which leads to an alteration of their bounce characteristics.[36] As a courtesy, the player first to serve a new ball will show it to their opponent before serving.
  • Шаблон:Anchor No ad scoring: Game format in which the player who wins the first point after deuce wins the game. The receiver determines whether the server serves to the deuce or ad court. Typically used in matches with time constraints.
  • Шаблон:Anchor No-man's land: Area between the service line and the baseline, where a player is most vulnerable.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Non-endemic products: Products for tennis sponsorship that are not intrinsic to the sport such as watches, cars, jewelry.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Not up: Call given by the umpire when a player plays a ball that has already bounced twice, i.e. the ball was out of play when the player played it.
  • Шаблон:Anchor NTRP rating: National Tennis Rating Program rating; system used in the United States to rank players on a scale from 1 to 7, with 1 being an absolute beginner and 7 a touring pro.[37]

O

  • Шаблон:Anchor Official: Member of the officiating team: tournament referee, chair umpire, or linesman.
  • Шаблон:Anchor On one's racket: A situation in which a player can win the match, set, or tiebreak by holding serve. This occurs when a player breaks the opponent's serve or achieves a mini break in a tiebreak.[38][39][40][41]
  • Шаблон:Anchor On serve: Situation where both players or teams have the same number of breaks in a set. While on serve, neither player or team can win the set without a break of serve. An advantage set requires at least one break to win.
  • Шаблон:Anchor One-handed backhand (or single-handed backhand, single-hander, one-hander): Backhand stroke hit with one hand on the grip.
  • Шаблон:Anchor One-two punch: When a server wins a point in two shots, where the second shot results in a winner or an opponent's forced error due to the positioning of both players after the serve.
  • Open: A pre-open era term used to indicate a tournament open to all comers of any nationality as opposed 'closed' tournaments for nationals of the country concerned.[42]
  • Шаблон:Anchor Open Era: Period in tennis which began in 1968 when tournaments became open to both amateurs and professional players.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Open stance: Modern technique in which the hitter's body facing is at an angle between parallel to the baseline and facing the opponent. See also closed stance.
  • Шаблон:Anchor OP: Stands for opportunity point; 15–30, an opportunity to potentially break serve.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Order of play ("OOP"): Schedule of matches in a tennis tournament.
  • Шаблон:Anchor On-site entry ("OSE"): The process by which vacant slots in a doubles tournament are filled by teams who physically sign up for the draw and are selected based on ranking cut-offs.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Out: An error in which the ball lands outside the playing area.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Overgrip (or overwrap): padded tape spirally wrapped over the handle or grip of the racket to absorb moisture or add gripping assistance.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Overhead: Stroke in which the player hits the ball over their head; if the shot is hit relatively strongly, it is referred to as a smash; smashes are often referred to as simply overheads, although not every overhead shot is a smash.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Overrule: To reverse a call made by a line judge, done by the umpire.Шаблон:Sfnp

P

  • Шаблон:Anchor Pace: The speed and power of the ball after it is struck by the racket. Pace is used to control the tempo of the game.[43]
  • Шаблон:Anchor Paint the lines: To hit shots that land as close to the lines of the court as possible.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Pass (or passing shot): Type of shot, usually played in the vicinity of the baseline, that passes by (not over) the opponent at the net. See also lob.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Percentage tennis: Style of play consisting of safe shots with large margins of error. Aimed at keeping the ball in play in anticipation of an opponent's error.[15]
  • Шаблон:Anchor Perfect Game: This is used to describe a game where the server holds his serve by hitting four consecutive aces.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Ping it: To hit an offensive shot and place the ball deep to the corners of the court.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Poaching (noun: poach): In doubles, an aggressive move where the player at the net moves to volley a shot intended for their partner.Шаблон:SfnpШаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Point penalty: Point awarded to a player's opponent following successive code violations.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Point: Period of play between the first successful service of a ball and the point at which that ball goes out of play. It is the smallest unit of scoring in tennis.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Pre-qualifying: Tournament in which the winner(s) earn a wild card into a tournament's qualifying draw.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Pressureless ball: Special type of tennis ball that does not have a core of pressurized air as standard balls do, but rather has a core made of solid rubber, or a core filled tightly with micro-particles. Quality pressureless balls are approved for top-pro play generally, but pressureless balls are typically used mostly at high altitudes, where standard balls would be greatly affected by the difference between the high pressure in the ball and the thin air.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Protected ranking ("PR") or Шаблон:Anchor Special ranking ("SR") : Players injured for a minimum of six months can ask for a protected ranking, which is based on their average ranking during the first three months of their injury. The player can use their protected ranking to enter tournaments' main draws or qualifying competitions when coming back from injury (or some occurrences such as COVID-19 frozen ranking concerns in 2020–21). It is not used for seeding purposes.[2] It is also used in the WTA for players returning from pregnancy leave.[44]
  • Шаблон:Anchor Pull the trigger: To hit a powerful offensive shot, particularly after patiently waiting for the right opportunity to arise during a rally.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Pulp: 30–30, not quite deuce (a pun on the homophone "juice").
  • Шаблон:Anchor Pusher: Player who does not try to hit winners, but only to return the ball safely; often used in a derogative manner.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Putaway: Offensive shot to try to end the point with no hope of a return.Шаблон:Sfnp

Q

R

Файл:Babolat pure drive plus.jpg
A modern tennis racket
  • Шаблон:Anchor Racket (or racquet): Bat with a long handle and a large looped frame with a string mesh tautly stretched across it, the frame made of wood, metal, graphite, composite, or some other synthetic material, used by a tennis player to hit the tennis ball during a game of tennis.Шаблон:SfnpШаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Racket abuse (racquet abuse): When a player slams their racket into the ground or net in frustration. Can result in a warning from the umpire or docking of points.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Rally: Following the service of a tennis ball, a series of return hits of the ball that ends when one or other player fails to return the ball within the court boundary or fails to return a ball that falls within the play area.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Rankings: A hierarchical listing of players based on their recent achievements. Used to determine qualification for entry and seeding in tournaments.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Rating: A system used by national tennis organizations to group players of comparable skills. The rating of players is dependent on their match record.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Real tennis (also royal tennis or court tennis): An indoor racket sport which was the predecessor of the modern game of (lawn) tennis. The term real is used as a retronym to distinguish the ancient game from the modern game of lawn tennis. Known also as court tennis in the United States or royal tennis in Australia.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Receiver: Player who is receiving the service of the opponent.Шаблон:Sfnp[45]
  • Шаблон:Anchor Referee: Person in charge of enforcing the rules in a tournament, as opposed to a tennis match. See also umpire.Шаблон:SfnpШаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Reflex volley: Volley in which the player has no time to plan the shot, and instead reacts instinctively to get the racket in position to return the ball. This occurs frequently in doubles and in advanced singles.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Registered player: A designation used during the beginning of the Open Era to identify a category of amateur tennis players who were allowed to compete for prize money but stayed under the control of their national associations.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Retirement ("ret."): Player's withdrawal during a match, causing the player to forfeit the tournament. Usually this happens due to injury. For a pre-match withdrawal, see walkover.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Retriever: Defensive baseliner who relies on returning the ball rather than scoring direct winners. See tennis strategy.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Return: Stroke made by the receiver of a service.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Return ace: Shot in which the opponent serves, the receiver returns the serve, and the opponent does not hit the ball.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Rising shot: Shot in which the ball is hit before it reaches its apex; also hitting on the rise.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Round of 16: Round of a tournament prior to the quarterfinals in which there are 16 players remaining, corresponds to the fourth round of 128-draw tournament, the third round of a 64-draw, and second round of a 32-draw tournament.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Round robin ("RR"): Tournament format in which players are organised into groups of three or four players and compete against all other members of the group. Players are then ranked according to number of matches, sets, and games won and head-to-head records. The top one, two, or four players then qualify for the next stage of the tournament.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Rubber: Individual match, singles or doubles, within a Davis Cup or Billie Jean King Cup tie.[18]Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Run around the ball: To quickly move laterally on the court during a rally so as to be able to hit a forehand instead of a backhand, or vice versa.

S

Файл:Azarenka Roland Garros 2009 2.jpg
Preparing to serve to start a point
Файл:Joao Souza (14706260226).jpg
Player preparing to hit a backhand slice shot
  • Шаблон:Anchor SABR (spoken "saber"; short for Sneak Attack By Roger): a return strategy where a tennis player suddenly moves forward to the service line and returns the opponent's serve with a half-volley or a chip-and-charge shot.[46]
  • Шаблон:Anchor Satellite: Intermediate junior level of play, equivalent of Level 6.Шаблон:Clarify
  • Шаблон:Anchor Scoring: Method of tracking progress of a match. A match consists of points, game and sets.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Scratch: Withdrawal from a match due to an injury.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Second serve (or second service): Second and final of the two serve attempts a player is allowed at the beginning of a point, not counting net cord let serves that would otherwise be good.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Second snap: a tennis ball struck for top spin against lubricated or co-poly strings will get extra rotation on the ball from the mains popping back in position before the ball leaves contact with the racket.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Seed (or seeding): Player whose position in a tournament has been arranged based on their ranking so as not to meet other ranking players in the early rounds of play. Named for the similarity to scattering seeds widely over the ground to plant them. For a given tournament there is a specified number of seeds, depending on the size of the draw. For ATP tournaments, typically one out of four players are seeds. For example, a 32-draw ATP Tour 250 tournament would have eight seeds. The seeds are chosen and ranked by the tournament organizers and are selected because they are the players with the highest ranking who also, in the estimation of the organizers, have the best chance of winning the tournament. Seed ranking is sometimes controversial, because it does not always match the players' current ATP ranking.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Serve and volley: Method of play to serve and immediately move forward to the net to make a volley with the intent to hit a winner and end the point.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Serve-and-volleyer: Player that plays serves-and-volleys frequently or for all of their service points.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Serve out: To win a set (and possibly therefore, the match) by holding serve.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Serve (verb and noun. Also service, noun): The starting stroke of each point. The ball must be hit into the opponent's service box, specifically the box's half that is diagonally opposite the server.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Service box (or service court): Rectangular area of the court, marked by the sidelines and the service lines, that a serve is supposed to land in.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Service game: With regard to a player, the game in which the player is serving (e.g. "Player A won a love service game" means that Player A has won a game where (s)he was serving without the opponent scoring).
  • Шаблон:Anchor Service line: A line that runs parallel to the net at a distance of 21 ft (6.4m) and forms part of the demarcation of the service box.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Set point: Situation in which the player who is leading needs one more point to win a set. If the player is serving in such a situation, (s)he is said to be "serving for the set".Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Set: A unit of scoring. A set consists of games and the first player to win six games with a two-game advantage wins the set. In most tournaments a tiebreak is used at six games all to decide the outcome of a set.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Shallow: Not deep into the court; not close to the baseline (of a struck ball).
  • Шаблон:Anchor Shamateurism: Amalgamation of 'sham' and 'amateurism', derogatory term for a custom that widely existed before the open era where an amateur player would receive financial remuneration to participate in a tournament in violation of amateur laws.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Shank: Significantly misdirected shot, the result of hitting the ball in an unintentional manner, typically with the frame of the racket. Such shots typically land outside the court, however, it is possible to hit a shank that lands validly in the court.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Shot clock: A publicly displayed clock which is used in between points to ensure that a player serves within 25 seconds. First used in Grand Slams at the Australian Open in 2018.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Single-handed backhand (or single-hander): See one-handed backhand.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Singles net: A net used for playing singles; shorter than a doubles net.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Singles sticks (or net sticks): Pair of poles which are placed underneath the net near the singles sideline for the purpose of raising it for singles play.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Singles: Match played by two players, one on each side of the court. A singles court is narrower than a doubles court and is bounded by the inner sidelines and the baseline.Шаблон:SfnpШаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Sitter: Shot which is hit with very little pace and no spin, which bounces high after landing, thus being an easy shot to put away.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Skyhook: Overhead shot hit behind the body.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Sledgehammer: Colloquial term for a two-handed backhand winner down the line.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Slice: Shot with underspin (backspin), or a serve with sidespin. Groundstrokes hit with slice tend to have a flat trajectory and a low bounce.Шаблон:SfnpШаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Smash: Strongly hit overhead, typically executed when the player who hits the shot is very close to the net and can therefore hit the ball nearly vertically, often so that it bounces into the stands, making it unreturnable.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Spank: To hit a groundstroke flat with a lot of pace.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Sparring partner: see hitting partner.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Special exempt ("SE"): Players who are unable to appear in a tournament's qualifying draw because they are still competing in the final rounds of a previous tournament can be awarded a spot in the main draw by special exempt.[47]
  • Special ranking ("SR"): See protected ranking.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Spin: Rotation of the ball as it moves through the air, affecting its trajectory and bounce. See backspin, topspin, and underspin.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Split step: a footwork technique in which a player does a small bounce on both feet, just as the opponent hits the ball. This lets the player go more quickly in either direction.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Spot serving/spot server: Serving with precision, resulting in the ball landing either on or near the intersection of the center service line and service line or singles tramline and service line.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Squash shot: Forehand or backhand shot typically hit on the run from a defensive position, either with slice, or from behind the player's stance.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Stance: The way a player stands when hitting the ball.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Stick volley: Volley hit crisply, resulting in shot with a sharp downward trajectory.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Stiffness (or racket stiffness): The resistance of the racket to bending upon impact with the ball.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Stop volley: A softly-hit volley which absorbs almost all the power of the shot resulting in the ball dropping just over the net.Шаблон:SfnpШаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Stopper: Player who will not win or go deep in a tournament but is good enough to stop a top seed from advancing.
  • Шаблон:Anchor Straight sets: Situation in which the winner of a match does not lose a set. A straight set may also mean a set which is won by a score of 6-something; i.e. is won at the first opportunity and does not reach five games all.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Stringbed: Grid of strings within the frame of the racket.
  • Шаблон:Anchor String saver: Tiny piece of plastic that is sometimes inserted where the strings cross, to prevent the strings from abrading each other and prematurely breaking.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Strings: Material woven through the face of the racket. The strings are where contact with the ball is supposed to be made.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Stroke: Striking of the ball.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Sudden death tiebreak: Version of a tiebreak played as the best of nine points, with the last being a deciding point to clinch the set. Introduced in 1965 by Jimmy Van Alen as a component of the VASSS.[48]Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Super tiebreak (or Champions tiebreak): A tiebreak variation played with a first to ten points format instead of seven; usually used in doubles to decide a match instead of playing a third set.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Supercoach: A tennis coach who has had a successful professional career.[49]
  • Шаблон:Anchor Sweetspot: Central area of the racket head which is the best location, in terms of control and power, for making contact with the ball.Шаблон:Sfnp
  • Шаблон:Anchor Swing volley: See drive volley.

T

Файл:Tennis ball 01.jpg
A standard optic yellow tennis ball

U

V

Файл:Tsvetana Pironkova 1, Wimbledon 2013 - Diliff.jpg
Approaching a forehand volley

W

Y

  • Шаблон:Anchor Yo-yo: Situation in which a player scores by hitting the ball in backspin in such a way that the ball touches the opponent's court first and returns to the player side after the first bounce.

Z

  • Шаблон:Anchor Zero pointer: Ranking points received by skipping selected professional tennis tour events which a top ranked player is committed to participate in (mandatory tournaments). Therefore, the player risks getting no points added to their ranking even when participating in an alternative tournament in place of the mandatory event.

See also

Шаблон:Portal

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Sources

Шаблон:Refbegin

Шаблон:Refend

External links

Шаблон:Wiktionarycat

Шаблон:Tennis box Шаблон:Glossaries of sports

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  4. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  14. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  15. ↑ 15,0 15,1 15,2 15,3 15,4 15,5 Шаблон:Cite web
  16. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  17. ↑ 17,0 17,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  18. ↑ 18,0 18,1 Шаблон:Cite news
  19. ↑ {ITF World Tennis Tour Acceptance Lists Explained ITF
  20. ↑ Drive Volley Merriam Webster
  21. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  22. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  23. ↑ 23,0 23,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  24. ↑ 24,0 24,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  25. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  26. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  27. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  28. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  29. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  30. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  31. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  32. ↑ Palmatier, Robert. Speaking of animals: a dictionary of animal metaphors, page 245 (1995).
  33. ↑ Horn, Geoffrey. Rafael Nadal, page 13 (2006).
  34. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  35. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  36. ↑ "Why New Balls Are Important In Tennis – We Can Tell You", from TennisRanked.com (accessed 7/2/2022)
  37. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  38. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  39. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  40. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  41. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  42. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  43. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  44. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  45. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  46. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  47. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  48. ↑ 48,0 48,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  49. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  50. ↑ Shanghai Masters: Nick Kyrgios fined for quitting match – BBC Sport, 11 October 201711
  51. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  52. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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