Английская Википедия:Government General of Warsaw
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Distinguish Шаблон:Infobox country
The General Government of Warsaw (Шаблон:Lang-de) was an administrative civil district created by the German Empire in World War I.[1] It encompassed the north-western half of the former Russian-ruled Congress Poland.[1]
Although the territory initially formed a part of the Ober Ost military command under the authority of general Erich Ludendorff, after the military advances of the Central Powers in the fall offensive of 1915 the territory came under a separate administration in October.[1] It continued to exist even after the later establishment of a rump Kingdom of Poland, a Central Powers puppet state. Its governor-general, Hans Hartwig von Beseler, held his office for the entire duration of the region's existence. The headquarters of the General Government operated in the Royal Castle, Warsaw, while the governor-general's seat was in the Belvedere palace, Warsaw.[2]
To the south of the General Government lay an Austro-Hungarian-controlled counterpart called the Military Government of Lublin.[1]
On 18 October 1916 a joint administration was introducedШаблон:By whom for both districts of the former Congress Poland, with a German civil-servant, Шаблон:ILL, appointed as the first chief of the intended administration. On 9 December, Kries founded a Polish central bank, which issued a new currency, the Polish marka (Marka polska).
During the occupation, German authorities drafted Poles into forced labor to replace German workers drafted into the army.
Governors-General
| Portrait | Name Шаблон:Small |
Term | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Duration | |||
| General von Beseler | Hans Hartwig von Beseler Шаблон:Small |
26 August 1915 | 12 November 1918 | Шаблон:Age in years years | Also the titular commander of the Polska Siła Zbrojna, or "Polnische Wehrmacht". With the Polish declaration of independence and Germany's surrender, Beseler escaped from Warsaw to Berlin disguised as a worker. Reviled in both Germany and Poland, he died in 1921.[3] |
Chiefs of Joint Administration:
- Шаблон:Ill (18 October 1915 – 26 November 1917)
- Шаблон:Ill (26 November 1917 – 6 October 1918)
See also
- Ober Ost
- Kingdom of Poland (1917–1918)
- Polish Border Strip
- Eastern Front (WWI)
- General Governorate of Belgium
Sources
References
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 Liulevicius, Vejas G. (2000). War Land on the Eastern Front: Culture, Identity, and German Occupation in World War I. Cambridge University Press, p. 54. [1]
- ↑ W. Głębocki, Pałace Warszawy, Warszawa 1991, s. 8. Шаблон:ISBN
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
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