Английская Википедия:Grade I listed buildings in Monmouthshire
Monmouthshire is a county and principal area of Wales. It borders Torfaen and Newport to the west; Herefordshire and Gloucestershire to the east; and Powys to the north. The largest town is Abergavenny, with the other major towns being Chepstow, Monmouth, and Usk.Шаблон:Sfn The county is Шаблон:Val (330 sq mi) in extent,[1] with a population of 95,200 Шаблон:As of.[2] The present county was formed under the Local Government (Wales) Act 1994, which came into effect in 1996, and comprises some sixty percent of the historic county.[3][4] Between 1974 and 1996, the county was known by the ancient title of Gwent,Шаблон:Sfn recalling the medieval Welsh kingdom.Шаблон:Sfn In his essay on local government in the fifth and final volume of the Gwent County History, Robert McCloy suggests that the governance of "no county in the United Kingdom in the twentieth century was so transformed as that of Monmouthshire".Шаблон:Sfn
In the United Kingdom, the term "listed building" refers to a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural, historical or cultural significance. Listing was begun by a provision in the Town and Country Planning Act 1947. Once a building is listed, strict limitations are imposed on the modifications allowed to its structure or fittings. In Wales,[5] authority for listing under the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 lies with Cadw.[6] Listed buildings are categorised into three grades:
- Grade I – buildings of exceptional interest, only 2.5% of listed buildings in England and Wales are Grade I;
- Grade II* – buildings of particular importance with more than special interest, 5.8% of listed buildings in England and Wales are Grade II*;
- Grade II – buildings of special interest; 91.7% of all listed buildings in England and Wales are in this class.[7]
There are 53 Grade I listed buildings in Monmouthshire.[note 1][8] These consist of twenty-four churches, a priory and an abbey, eight castles, seven houses, two bridges, a barn, a cross, a farm, a folly, a gatehouse, a hotel, a municipal building, a stables, and two elements of town walls. The journalist Simon Jenkins notes the county's "fine collection" of castles,Шаблон:Sfn mostly dating from the Norman invasion of Wales, and describes Chepstow as "the glory of medieval south Wales".Шаблон:Sfn The castle at Raglan is later, dating from the mid-fifteenth century.Шаблон:Sfn The fortified bridge over the River Monnow at Monmouth is the only remaining fortified river bridge in the country with its gate tower standing on the bridge, and has been described as "arguably the finest surviving medieval bridge in Britain".Шаблон:Sfn Monmouthshire has a more "modest"Шаблон:Sfn range of churches, although that at Bettws Newydd has "perhaps the most complete rood arrangement remaining in any church in England and Wales".Шаблон:Sfn The county's Grade I listed abbey, at Tintern, became a focal point of the Wye TourШаблон:Sfn in the late-eighteenth century.Шаблон:Sfn The Monmouthshire writer and artist, Fred Hando, chronicled the history of the county in some 800 newspaper articles written between the 1920s and the 1960s and published in the South Wales Argus, focusing on "the little places of a shy county".Шаблон:Sfn Among the Grade I listed structures Hando described were "the tallest house in Monmouthshire" at Treowen,Шаблон:Sfn "the most crooked church in Britain" at Cwmyoy,Шаблон:Sfn and the Arts and Crafts sgraffito at Llanfair Kilgeddin.Шаблон:Sfn
Notable people associated with Monmouthshire's Grade I listed buildings include Henry V, born at Monmouth Castle in 1387;Шаблон:Sfn the medieval soldier and statesman William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke, who undertook major construction at Chepstow Castle;Шаблон:Sfn and Henry Somerset, 1st Marquess of Worcester, who entertained his king at Raglan, and lost the castle at the end of the First English Civil War.Шаблон:Sfn William Wordsworth undertook the Wye Tour in 1798, composing Lines Written a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey during his visit,[9] and Walter Savage Landor sought, unsuccessfully, to establish a landed estate at Llanthony Priory.[10] Archdeacon Coxe's record of his journey to Llanthony in the spring of 1799 provides an illustration of the hazards of travelling in Wales at this time: "I would not recommend timid persons to pass this way in a carriage, for in the whole course of my travels, I seldom met with one more inconvenient and unsafe".Шаблон:Sfn In 1840, the Chartist leader John Frost and two colleagues were tried at the Shire Hall in Monmouth and sentenced to be hanged, drawn and quartered, the last such sentences to be passed in Britain.[note 2]Шаблон:Sfn A statue in front of the Shire Hall commemorates Charles Stewart Rolls, the aviator and entrepreneur who was the first Briton to be killed in a plane crash.[11]
The architecture of the county was first systematically covered by William Coxe in his two-volume, An Historical Tour in Monmouthshire, published in 1801.[note 3] Coxe's Preface explains the Tour's genesis; "The present work owes its origin to an accidental excursion in Monmouthshire, in company with my friend Sir Richard Hoare, during the autumn of 1798. I was struck with the picturesque ruins of ancient castles, and I was animated with the view of mansions distinguished by the residence of illustrious persons".Шаблон:Sfn A detailed county history was undertaken by Sir Joseph Bradney, in his A History of Monmouthshire from the Coming of the Normans into Wales down to the Present Time; published in the early 20th century.Шаблон:Sfn More recent studies include those of the architectural historian John Newman, in his Gwent/Monmouthshire volume of the Pevsner Buildings of Wales series; and, most exhaustively, by Sir Cyril Fox and Lord Raglan, in their three-volume study, Monmouthshire Houses.Шаблон:Sfn The last was described by the architectural historian Peter Smith as "one of the most remarkable studies of vernacular architecture yet made in the British Isles,Шаблон:Sfn a landmark, in its own field, as significant as Darwin's Origin of Species".Шаблон:Sfn
Buildings
Name | Location | Date Listed | Шаблон:Abbr[note 4] Geo-coordinates |
Function | Notes | Reference Number | Image |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abbey Hotel | Llanthony | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Commercial | Built into the west range of Llanthony Priory[12] | 1940 | Abbey Hotel |
Abergavenny Castle | Abergavenny | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Castle | West of the main road on the southern approach to the town centre[13] | 2376 | Abergavenny Castle |
Court Farm Barn | Llanthony | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Barn | On the west side of the Llanthony Priory precinct about 110m from the priory ruins[14] | 1941 | Court Farm Barn |
Caldicot Castle | Caldicot | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Castle | About 300m east of the Church of St Mary and about 700m east of Caldicot[15] | 2006 | Caldicot Castle |
Castle House | Usk | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
House | On a hillside a little north east of Usk town centre and below the castle[16] | 2128 | Castle House |
Chepstow Castle | Chepstow | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Castle | In a commanding position on the west bank of the River Wye[17] | 2475 | Chepstow Castle |
Church of St Aeddan | Bettws Newydd | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Church | At the south east end of the village, approached by lane running east, just to the north of Bettws Lodge[18] | 1962 | Church of St Aeddan |
Church of St Bridget | Skenfrith | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Church | Towards the north end of Skenfrith village and approximately 100m north west of Skenfrith Castle[19] | 2082 | Church of St Bridget |
Church of St Cadoc | Llangattock Lingoed | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Church | In a sloping churchyard, in the centre of Llangattock Lingoed[20] | 1955 | Church of St Cadoc |
Church of St David | Llangeview | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Church | In a rounded churchyard overlooking the A449 Usk exit, reached via lane running south from the B4235 just east of the bridge over the A449[21] | 2711 | Church of St David |
Church of St David | Llanthony | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Church | 50m south of the priory buildings at Llanthony[22] | 1938 | Church of St David |
Church of St Jerome | Llangwm | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Church | Some 500m east of Llangwm Isaf church, in an isolated site[23] | 2028 | Church of St Jerome |
Church of St John | Llandenny | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Church | In the centre of the village of Llandenny, in an elevated position within an enclosed churchyard[24] | 17425 | Church of St John |
Church of St Martin | Cwmyoy | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Church | In the centre of Cwmyoy village on the east slope of the Vale of Ewyas[25] | 1933 | Church of St Martin |
Church of St Mary | Abergavenny | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Church | Key building in the group of historic buildings close to the main commercial centre of Abergavenny[26] | 2373 | Church of St Mary |
Church of St Mary | Caldicot | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Church | About 400m north east of the centre of Caldicot village[27] | 2019 | Church of St Mary |
Church of St Mary | Chepstow | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Church | At the end of the street within a churchyard crossed by a walkway to Lower Church Street[28] | 2594 | Church of St Mary |
Church of St Mary the Virgin | Llanfair Kilgeddin | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Church | Close to the river Usk Шаблон:Cvt north east of Pant-y-goitre[29] | 2782 | Church of St Mary the Virgin |
Church of St Mary | Magor | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Church | In the centre of the village and reached off Magor Square[30] | 2928 | Church of St Mary |
Church of St Mary | Portskewett | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Church | In the centre of Portskewett village at the junction of Main Road and Sudbrook Road[31] | 2044 | Church of St Mary |
Church of St Michael and All Angels | Gwernesney | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Church | Some Шаблон:Cvt east north east of the Usk junction of the A449, just north of the B4235[32] | 2715 | Church of St Michael and All Angels |
Church of St Nicholas | Grosmont | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Church | In the centre of Grosmont in a large churchyard[33] | 1947 | Church of St Nicholas |
Church of St Nicholas | Trellech | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Church | Prominently sited in the centre of Trellech[34] | 2106 | Church of St Nicholas |
Church of St Peter, St Paul and St John | Llantrisant | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Church | In the centre of Llantrisant[35] | 2718 | Church of St Peter, St Paul and St John |
Church of St Teilo | Llantilio Crossenny | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Church | In a churchyard in the centre of Llantilio Crossenny[36] | 2073 | Church of St Teilo |
Church of St Teilo | Llantilio Pertholey | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Church | Just off the old Hereford road about Шаблон:Cvt north of Abergavenny[37] | 2002 | Church of St Teilo |
Church of St Tewdric | Mathern | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Church | In the centre of Mathern[38] | 2040 | Church of St Tewdric |
Church of St Tysoi | Llansoy | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Church | At the southern end of Llansoy about 250m south of the junction with the main road[39] | 2029 | Church of St Tysoi |
Clytha Castle | Llanarth | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Folly | On a hillside south of Clytha Park off the old A40 road some 300m east of the gates to the park[40] | 1968 | Clytha Castle |
Clytha Park | Llanarth | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
House | In a landscaped park north of the old A40 reached via a drive from the entrance opposite the junction with the road to Bettws Newydd[41] | 1966 | Clytha Park |
Cross at Croes Lwyd | Raglan | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Cross | On the southern side of Broom Lane about 400m east of Broom House, at the bottom of the garden at Whitecross Cottage[42] | 24716 | Cross at Croes Lwyd |
Great Castle House | Monmouth | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
House | In the castle enclosure at the highest point of the town and just north of the town square[43] | 2217 | Great Castle House |
Grosmont Castle | Grosmont | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Castle | On a flat elevated plateau, some 100m north west of Grosmont village, approached along a narrow lane from the main street[44] | 1949 | Grosmont Castle |
Llanthony Priory | Llanthony | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Church | In Llanthony village in the Vale of Eywas[45] | 1939 | Llanthony Priory |
Llanvihangel Court | Llanvihangel Crucorney | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
House | In Llanvihangel Crucorney about 400m south east of the Church of St Michael[46] | 1919 | Llanvihangel Court |
Llanvihangel Court Stable Block | Llanvihangel Crucorney | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Stables | About 30m south of Llanvihangel Court[47] | 19288 | Llanvihangel Court Stable Block |
Llwyn-celyn Farmhouse | Llanvihangel Crucorney | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Farmhouse | On a knoll on the west side of Stanton about Шаблон:Cvt north west of Llanvihangel Crucorney[48] | 1937 | Llwyn-celyn Farmhouse |
Mathern Palace | Mathern | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
House | In the centre of Mathern village about 50m south west of the Church of St Tewdric[49] | 2007 | Mathern Palace |
Monmouth Castle | Monmouth | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Castle | On the east bank of the River Monnow at the highest point of the town and just north of the town square[50] | 2216 | Monmouth Castle |
Monnow Bridge | Monmouth | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Bridge | At the entrance to Monmouth's principal commercial street which leads up the hill to the town square from the south-west[51] | 2218 | Monnow Bridge |
Pen-y-Clawdd Court | Llanvihangel Crucorney | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
House | About 1500m south west of the Church of St Michael, Llanvihangel Crucorney approached by a lane from the small settlement round the old Llanvihangel station[52] | 1926 | Pen-y-Clawdd Court |
Penallt Old Church | Penallt | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Church | In the very northernmost corner of Trellech Community about 1000m south of Monmouth, on the B4239 road at the junction by High Glanau[53] | 2104 | Penallt Old Church |
Port Wall | Chepstow | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Walls, railings, gates | Extending from near Chepstow Castle, uphill to the town gate and crossing to the quarry above the station[54] | 2477 | Port Wall |
St Mary's Priory Church | Usk | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Church | A town centre church, just south of the main thoroughfare with a large walled churchyard[55] | 2123 | St Mary's Priory Church |
Priory Gatehouse | Usk | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Gatehouse | At right angles to the churchyard entrance, on a corner site, facing up Priory Street to Twyn Square[56] | 2126 | Priory Gatehouse |
Raglan Castle | Raglan | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Castle | Magnificently sited Шаблон:Cvt north of Raglan and reached by a private drive from the A40[57] | 2101 | Raglan Castle |
Old Wye Bridge | Chepstow | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Bridge | Continuing the line of Bridge Street. Aligned almost due north/south, crossing a bend in the River Wye, here the boundary between Wales and England. The north part of the bridge is in England[58] | 2479 | Old Wye Bridge |
Shire Hall | Monmouth | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Shire Hall | In the town square in the centre of Monmouth with a cobbled area to the front and sides spreading as far as the line of the road and including the statue of Charles Stewart Rolls, the co-founder of Rolls-Royce[59] | 2228 | Shire Hall |
Tintern Abbey | Tintern | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Church | In a prominent position on the right bank of the river Wye on the east side of the A466[60] | 24037 | Tintern Abbey |
Town Gate | Chepstow | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Walls, railings, gates | At the main entrance to the fortified town between Moor Street outside the gate to the west and the High Street to the east[61] | 2476 | Town Gate |
Treowen | Mitchel Troy | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
House | About Шаблон:Cvt west south west of Monmouth and Шаблон:Cvt north north east of Dingestow church, prominently situated amidst its own parkland just north of the road between Dingestow and Wonastow[62] | 2065 | Treowen |
Usk Castle | Usk | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Castle | On a spur on the hillside a short distance north east of the town[63] | 2127 | Usk Castle |
White Castle | Llantilio Crossenny | Шаблон:Dts | Шаблон:Gbmappingsmall Шаблон:Coord |
Castle | Overlooking Llanvetherine, some Шаблон:Cvt north west of village of Llantilio Crossenny[64] | 2079 | White Castle |
See also
- Listed buildings in Wales
- Grade I listed buildings in Herefordshire
- Grade I listed buildings in Forest of Dean
- Grade I listed buildings in Newport
- Grade I listed buildings in Torfaen
- Grade II* listed buildings in Blaenau Gwent – there are currently no Grade I listed buildings in Blaenau Gwent
- Grade I listed buildings in Powys
- Grade II* listed buildings in Monmouthshire
- Scheduled Monuments in Monmouthshire
- Registered historic parks and gardens in Monmouthshire
External links
Click here to see an interactive OpenStreetMap with locations of all Grade I listed buildings, Monmouthshire-wide, for which coordinates are included in the list-articles linked above.
Notes
Шаблон:Reflist Шаблон:Notelist
References
Sources
- Шаблон:Cite book
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- Шаблон:Cite book
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Шаблон:GradeIListedBuildingWales Шаблон:Monmouthshire Шаблон:Commons category
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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- ↑ Шаблон:National Historic Assets of Wales
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