Английская Википедия:Grand Cross

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Файл:Radetzky-von-radetz.jpg

Josef Graf Radetzky wearing the Grand Cross sash and star of the Military Order of Maria Theresa

Grand Cross is the highest class in many orders, and manifested in its insignia. Exceptionally, the highest class may be referred to as Grand Cordon or equivalent. In other cases, there may exist a rank even higher than Grand Cross, e.g. Grand Collar. In rare cases, the insignia itself is referred to as the "grand cross".

In international relations, many times the class of Grand Cross is typically reserved for royalty, heads of state and equivalent. Sometimes a holder of the highest class or grade are referred to as "Commander Grand Cross",Шаблон:Refn "Knight Grand Cross", or just "Grand Cross".

In the United Kingdom, the rank of "Knight Grand Cross" or "Dame Grand Cross" allows the recipient to continue to use the honorific "Sir" (male) or "Dame" (female) as a style before his or her name. The knighthood is initially conferred, as in other countries, at the lower rank of the order, typically "Knight Commander".

In Bavaria, the royal military order established by Maximilian Joseph consisted of three classes with the Grand Crosses ranking above the Commanders and Knights. The Grand Cross title has also been used to confer military merit. For instance, the Grand Duchy of Baden awarded Prince Rupprecht a Grand Cross after World War I.

From 1870 to 1918, the German Empire also set the Grand Cross as the highest rank of the Order of the Iron Cross, followed by the first and second classes.

Denomination "Grand Cordons"

Шаблон:Expand list The orders in which the highest rank (or second after "Collar") is named "Grand Cordons" include the following orders:

• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cordons of the Order of Leopold (highest)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the National Order of Merit (highest National Order that admits Brazilian Nationals to its ranks)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Order of Rio Branco (special purpose)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the National Order of Scientific Merit
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Order of Defense Merit
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Order of Military Merit
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Order of Naval Merit
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Order of Aeronautical Merit
  • Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Шаблон:III (highest of the state)
  • Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Order of Ipiranga (highest of the state)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Royal Order of Cambodia (highest)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Royal Order of Monisaraphon
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Royal Order of Sahametrei
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Royal Order of Sowathara
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cordon of the Order of Merit (Cameroon) (2nd)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cordon of the Order of Valour (highest)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross with Diamonds of the Order of the Dannebrog (2nd)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cordons of the Order of the Nile (highest)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Order of the Legion of Honour (highest)
  • Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Order of Tahiti Nui (highest of the overseas collectivity)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Kola-tree National Order (2nd)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the National Order of Fidelity and People (highest)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the National Order of Merit (Guinea) (highest)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the National Order of the Campaign of Independence (highest)
• Шаблон:Flag: Knight Grand Cross decorated with Grand Cordon of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (highest)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cordons of the Order of the Chrysanthemum (2nd after Collar)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cordons of the Order of the Precious Crown (highest)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cordons of the Order of the Rising Sun (highest)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cordons of the Order of the Star of Jordan (highest)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cordons of the Order of Merit (Lebanon) (highest)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the National Order of Madagascar (highest)
• Шаблон:Flag: Knight Grand Cross Military William Order (highest)
• Шаблон:Flag: Knight Grand Cross Order of Orange-Nassau (3rd)
• Шаблон:Flag: Knight Grand Cross Order of the Netherlands Lion (2nd)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the National Order (Niger) (highest)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Order of Merit (Niger) (2nd)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cordons of the Order of the Lion and the Sun
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Order of the Tower and Sword
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Order of Merit (Senegal) (2nd)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Order of the Lion (Senegal) (highest)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Order of Charles III
• Шаблон:Flag Commander Grand Cross of the Order of the Sword
• Шаблон:Flag Commander Grand Cross of the Order of the Polar Star
• Шаблон:Flag Commander Grand Cross of the Order of Vasa
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the National Order of Merit (2nd)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Order of Mono (highest)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cordon of the Order of Independence (highest)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cordon of the Order of Merit (3rd)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cordon of the Order of the 7th November 1987 (4th)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cordon of the Order of the Republic (2nd)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (highest)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George (highest)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (highest)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire (highest)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Order of Saint John (highest)

Former

• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Order of Columbus (Abolished as a state order in 1891)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of Our Lord Jesus Christ (Highest, cancelled as national order in 1890, since then claimed as house order)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of Saint Benedict of Avis (2nd, cancelled as national order in 1890, since then claimed as house order)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of Saint James of the Sword (3rd, cancelled as national order in 1890, since then claimed as house order)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of the Cross (4th, cancelled as national order in 1891 and reestablished as the National Order of the Southern Cross in 1932)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of Dom Pedro I (5th, cancelled as national order in 1890, since then claimed as house order)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of the Rose (6th, cancelled as national order in 1890, since then claimed as house order)
• Шаблон:Flag
  • Шаблон:Flagicon French Comoros: Grand Cross of the Order of the Star of Anjouan (Deprecated in 1963 by the National Order of Merit)
  • Шаблон:Flagicon French Dahomey: Grand Cross of the Order of the Black Star (Deprecated in 1963 by the National Order of Merit)
  • Шаблон:Flagicon French Somaliland: Grand Cross of the Order of the Light (Deprecated in 1963 by the National Order of Merit)
• Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Royal Order of Kapiʻolani (3rd, became obsolete in 1893)

Gallery

Illustration of typical insignia, as in the case of the Legion of Honour of France.

Файл:PortLegHon.gif

See also

• Order of chivalry
• Order (distinction)
• Phaleristics