Английская Википедия:Grand Duke Nicholas Mikhailovich of Russia
Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox royalty Grand Duke Nicholas Mikhailovich of Russia (Шаблон:Lang-ru; 26 April [O.S. 14 April] 1859 – 28 January 1919) was the eldest son of Grand Duke Michael Nikolaevich of Russia and a first cousin of Alexander III.
On 29 January 1919, Nicholas was moved to Peter and Paul Fortress in Petrograd, and in the early hours of the following day he was shot there by a firing squad, along with his brother, Grand Duke George Mikhailovich, and his cousins Grand Dukes Paul Alexandrovich and Dmitri Constantinovich.
According to historians Edvard Radzinsky, their executions had been ordered by Vladimir Lenin as retaliation for the recent summary executions of Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg in Berlin, by Freikorps forces loyal to the Weimar Republic.[1]
Honours and awards
- Шаблон:Flag: Knight of the House Order of Fidelity, 1876[2]
- Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Order of the Württemberg Crown, 1876[3]
- Шаблон:Flagicon image Kingdom of Prussia: Pour le Mérite (military), 19 November 1878[4]
- Шаблон:Flag: Grand Cross of the Ludwig Order, 10 March 1886[5]
- Шаблон:Flagcountry: Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour, December 1894[6]
- Шаблон:Flag: Knight of the Order of the Elephant, 18 November 1897[7]
- Шаблон:Flag: Decoration of Honour for Arts and Sciences, 1908[8]
- Шаблон:Flag: Knight of the Order of the Seraphim, 12 May 1908[9]
Ancestry
Bibliography
- Alexander, Grand Duke of Russia, Once a Grand Duke, Cassell, London, 1932.
- Chavchavadze, David, The Grand Dukes, Atlantic, 1989, Шаблон:ISBN
- Cockfield, Jamie H. White Crow: The Life and Times of the Grand Duke Nicholas Mikhailovich Romanov 1859–1919. Praeger, 2002, Шаблон:ISBN
- George, Grand Duchess of Russia, A Romanov Diary, Atlantic International Publications, 1988. Шаблон:ISBN
- Hall, Coryne, Little mother of Russia, Holmes & Meier Publishers, Inc, 2001. Шаблон:ISBN
- King, Greg, Wilson, Penny, Gilded Prism, Eurohistory, 2006, Шаблон:ISBN
- Troyat, Henri, Tolstoy , Doubleday, 1967. Шаблон:ISBN
- Zeepvat, Charlotte, The Camera and the Tsars, Sutton Publishing, 2004, Шаблон:ISBN.
References
- ↑ Edvard Radzinsky (1996), Stalin: The First In-Depth Biography Based on Explosive Documents from Russia's Secret Archive, Anchor Books. Page 158-159.
- ↑ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden (1896), "Großherzogliche Orden" p. 62
- ↑ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Württemberg (1896), "Königliche Orden" p. 28
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Citation
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Citation
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- Английская Википедия
- 1859 births
- 1919 deaths
- People from Pushkin, Saint Petersburg
- People from Tsarskoselsky Uyezd
- Grand dukes of Russia
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- Murdered Russian royalty
- People executed by Russia by firing squad
- 19th-century historians from the Russian Empire
- 20th-century Russian historians
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