Английская Википедия:Gratianus Funarius

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox royalty Gratianus "Funarius" (Шаблон:Fl 4th century AD) was an Illyrian soldier of the Roman Empire who flourished in the 4th century. He was the father of Roman emperors, Valentinian I and Valens, founders of the Valentinianic dynasty.

Life

Gratianus originated from the town of Cibalae (Vinkovci), in southern Pannonia Secunda (modern Croatia), possibly in the 280s.Шаблон:Sfn During his youth, he obtained the nickname Шаблон:Lang, meaning "the rope-man" because he was a rope salesman. Gratianus joined the army and rose through the ranks to become protector domesticus during the reign of Constantine the Great.Шаблон:Sfn A protector domesticus named "...atianus" is attested at Salona (Split) during this time, leading some to think Gratianus could have been stationed there.Шаблон:Sfn Gratian's first independent command was as a tribune, probably in the mobile field army of Constantine.Шаблон:Sfn During the late 320's or early 330's he was made comes of Africa, possibly to supervise the frontier.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn However, Gratianus was soon accused of embezzlement and was forced to retire.Шаблон:Sfn Gratianus was recalled during the early 340s and was made comes of Britannia. He may have been recalled to command a unit of comitatenses under emperor Constans I during his campaign on the island in the winter of 342/3.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn After his military career ended, Gratianus returned to his birthplace and lived as a private citizen with good reputation.Шаблон:Sfn

In Gratian's retirement, the emperor Constantius II confiscated all of his estates because of his suspected support of the usurper Magnentius.Шаблон:Sfn Nevertheless, he was still popular within the army; this popularity could have contributed to the successful careers of his sons.Шаблон:Sfn

His death is not mentioned in literary sources. The PLRE cites as inscription dedicated to him, dated to the year 367 at the latest, and presumes he was dead by that time.Шаблон:Sfn Drijvers additionally observed that, since his grandson of the same name was not named in the inscription, the elder Gratian must have died before his grandson’s accession in August 24, 367.Шаблон:Sfn After his son Valens became emperor, the Senate in Constantinople decreed a brass statue of him.Шаблон:Sfn

Family tree

Шаблон:Valentinian family tree

Sources

Шаблон:Reflist

Works cited

Further reading