Английская Википедия:Grauman's Egyptian Theatre

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Grauman's Egyptian Theatre is a historic movie theater located on Hollywood Boulevard in Hollywood, Los Angeles, California. Opened in 1922, it is an early example of a lavish movie palace and is noted as having been the site of the first-ever Hollywood film premiere. From 1998 until 2020, it was owned and operated by the American Cinematheque, a member-based cultural organization.

In May 2020, Netflix became the owner of the theater. Following a massive restoration project by Netflix, the theater re-opened in November 2023, with Netflix handling the programming Monday through Thursday and the American Cinematheque overseeing Friday through Sunday.

History

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Grauman's Egyptian Theatre interior, 1922

The Egyptian was built by showman Sid Grauman and real estate developer Charles E. Toberman, who subsequently built the nearby El Capitan Theatre and Chinese Theatre on Hollywood Boulevard. Grauman had previously opened one of the United States' first movie palaces, the Million Dollar Theater, on Broadway in Downtown Los Angeles in 1918. The Egyptian cost $800,000 to build and took 18 months to construct. Architects Meyer & Holler designed the building, and it was built by The Milwaukee Building Company.

The Egyptian was the location for the first-ever Hollywood premiere, Douglas Fairbanks in Robin Hood, on Wednesday, October 18, 1922. As the film reportedly cost over $1 million to produce, the admission price to the premiere was $5. One could reserve a seat up to two weeks in advance for the daily performances. Evening admission was 75¢, $1 or $1.50. The film was not shown in any other Los Angeles theater during that year.Шаблон:R Additional premieres that took place at the theatre include The Ten Commandments in 1923, The Thief of Bagdad in 1924, and The Gold Rush in 1925.

In 1927, Grauman opened a second movie theater further west on Hollywood Boulevard. In keeping with the public fascination in that era with international themes, he named his new theater the Chinese Theatre.Шаблон:R Its popularity eventually rivaled and surpassed the Egyptian because of its numerous celebrity handprints, footprints, and signatures in the concrete of its forecourt.

American Cinematheque

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Main entry

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The courtyard circa 2007

The Egyptian was closed in 1992 and fell into disrepair.Шаблон:R In 1996, the Community Redevelopment Agency of Los Angeles sold the theater to the American Cinematheque for a nominal $1 with the provision that the landmark building be restored to its original grandeur and reopened as a movie theater.

The Cinematheque committed to raising the funds to pay for the restoration and to using the renovated theater as home for its programs of public film exhibition. The Egyptian was reopened to the public on December 4, 1998, after a $12.8 million renovation. The original theater seated 1,760 patrons in a single auditorium. In the restored Egyptian, the building was reconfigured to add a second screening theater. The main theater accommodated 616 patrons and was named after Los Angeles philanthropist Lloyd E. Rigler. The 78 seat screening theater was named for Steven Spielberg.Шаблон:R While the interior was rebuilt as two modern cinemas, using some of the decorative elements of the original theater, the forecourt was completely restored to its original 1922 appearance.

The American Cinematheque also rents and presents film screenings at the Aero Theatre in Santa Monica and at the Los Feliz 3 theater in the Los Feliz district of Los Angeles.

Netflix

In April 2019, it was announced that Netflix was seeking to purchase the theater from the American Cinematheque to use as a special events venue, possibly to qualify its films and series to be considered for Oscar and Emmy award nomination, respectively, and that the American Cinematheque would still hold events on weekends. Immediately after the announcement, a petition campaign called on the American Cinematheque board, the California Attorney General, and the Los Angeles City Council to halt the sale and hold a public meeting to answer questions about the proposed sale and status of the Attorney General's investigation. On May 29, 2020, it was announced that Netflix would acquire the theater and invest in some renovations.

In August 2023, the Los Angeles Times reported that Netflix had restored the theater to its original appearance. This entailed: restoring the original neon blade theater sign over Hollywood Boulevard and the original hieroglyphics and artwork on the courtyard walls; renovating the lobby and restoring the interior; and removing elements of the '90s restoration, including courtyard palm trees, acoustic panels in the auditorium and the entire balcony section, bringing the seating capacity down by 100 to 516 seats. Additionally, modern lighting and sound upgrades have been implemented. In October 2023, Netflix announced that the theater would reopen the following month with a screening of their film The Killer on November 9, followed by a Q&A session with filmmaker David Fincher. They also announced the release of a documentary short film, Temple of Film: 100 Years of the Egyptian Theatre, that would also release on November 9 and features interviews from Guillermo del Toro, Rian Johnson, Lynette Howell Taylor, Autumn Durald Arkapaw and the theater’s restoration architect Peyton Hall.

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Grauman's Egyptian Theatre exterior, 1922

Architecture

Шаблон:More citations needed section The exterior of the theater is in the Egyptian Revival style. However, the roof pans above the main entrance are items not in the ancient Egyptian style. The original plans for the theater show a Hispanic-themed theater, but at some point these plans were changed to an Egyptian style.

It is probable that this was due to public fascination with the multiple expeditions searching for the tomb of Tutankhamun by archaeologist Howard Carter over the preceding years. (Carter eventually discovered the tomb on November 4, 1922—just two weeks after the Egyptian opened.) At that time, the change in architectural style was determined, the Hispanic-styled roof pans had already been delivered and paid for; they were kept and used in the building.

Following the destruction from the 1994 Northridge earthquake, architecture and design studio Hodgetts + Fung was brought on to design a new cinema and update the technology to accommodate the American Cinematheque's programming of film and new media in 1997. The exterior was restored to its original appearance a year later while projection, sound, seating, mechanical systems, and circulation were brought up to 21st century standards. In 2000, the project won the National Preservation Award from the National Trust for Historic Preservation.

The exterior and interior walls contain Egyptian-style paintings and hieroglyphs. The four massive columns that mark the theater's main entrance are Шаблон:Convert wide and rise Шаблон:Convert.

Capitalizing on Southern California's sunny weather is the large courtyard (Шаблон:Convert) in the front, complete with a fountain. This is actually the "entrance hall" (the theater doors used to open directly into the auditorium) and was specifically designed to host the theater's famous red-carpet ceremonies.

Influence and legacy

The layout, design, and name of the Egyptian Theatre was emulated by other movie palaces in the United States. Peery's Egyptian Theatre in Ogden, Utah, which opened in 1924, is an example.

In 1999, the Egyptian was featured in episode 712 of Visiting... with Huell Howser. The theater is the location of a gunfight during the conclusion of a case in the detective video game L.A. Noire and also appears in Jonathan Franzen's 2021 novel, Crossroads.

See also

• Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monuments in Hollywood
• Grauman's Chinese Theatre
• Egyptian Theatre (disambiguation)

External links

• Шаблон:Official
• Friends of the American Cinematheque at the Egyptian Theatre petition campaign