Английская Википедия:Great National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Romania

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The Great National Assembly (Шаблон:Lang-ro; MAN) was the supreme body of state power of the Socialist Republic of Romania. The Great National Assembly was the only branch of government in Romania, and per the principle of unified power, all state organs were subservient to it. After the overthrow of Communism in Romania in December 1989, the Great National Assembly was dissolved by decree of the National Salvation Front (FSN) and eventually replaced by the bicameral parliament, made up of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate.

The Great National Assembly was elected every four years, and each individual member represented 60,000 citizens. The system was created to imitate the Soviet model.

Powers

The MAN had the power to, among other things, amend the constitution and appoint and depose the Supreme Commander of the Romanian People's Army. The resolutions required a simple majority to be passed through.

The Assembly convened twice a year for ordinary sessions and for extraordinary sessions as many times as required by the State Council or by at least one third of the members of the Assembly. It elected its own chairmen and four deputies to preside each session. On paper, it was the highest level of state power in Romania, and all other state organs were subordinate to it. In practice, like all other Communist legislatures, it did little more than give legal sanction to decisions already made by the Romanian Communist Party (PCR).

Formally, the MAN gained in power over time. The 1948 Constitution (article 39) granted it just eight powers; the 1952 Constitution (article 24), 10; the 1965 Constitution (article 43), 24.

Voters were presented with a single slate of candidates from an alliance dominated by the PCR—known as the People's Democratic Front from 1947 to 1968, the Socialist Unity Front from 1968 to 1980, and the Front of Socialist Unity and Democracy from 1980 to 1989. Since no one could run for office without Front approval, the Front—and through it, the PCR—effectively predetermined the composition of the Assembly.

When the Assembly was not in session, some of its powers were exercised by the State Council (which the Constitution defined as the MAN in permanent session), such as setting guidelines for the law and supervising the local councils. It could also issue governmental regulations in lieu of law. If such regulation was not approved by the MAN at its next session, it was considered revoked. However, under the principles of democratic centralism, such approval was merely a formality. Combined with the MAN's infrequent sessions, this meant that State Council decisions de facto had the force of law. In emergencies, the State Council assumed the MAN's powers to control the budget and economic plan, appoint and dismiss ministers and justices of the Supreme Court, mobilize the armed forces and declare war.

1980 elections

According to the official results of the March 9, 1980, election, which elected 369 deputies, 99.99% of the registered voters cast their votes. Of them, 98.52% approved the Front list, 1.48% voted against and just 44 votes were declared invalid.

192 seats of the Assembly were occupied by women and 47 seats belonged to national minorities (mainly Hungarians and Germans).

Presidents of the Great National Assembly

The "lower house" numbering continues from the numbering of presidents of the old Assembly of Deputies (1862–1948).

Great National Assembly presidents

Lower house number	Шаблон:Abbr	Name	Portrait	Lifespan	Took office	Left office	Party
41	1	Gheorghe Apostol	Файл:Gheorghe Apostol.jpg	1913–2010	7 April 1948	11 June 1948	bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color |	PMR
42	2	Constantin Agiu	Файл:Constantin Agiu.jpg	1891–1961	11 June 1948	27 December 1948	bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color |	PMR
43	3	Constantin Pârvulescu	Файл:Constantin Pirvulescu.jpg	1895–1992	27 December 1948	5 July 1949	bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color |	PMR
44	4	Dumitru Petrescu	Файл:Dumitru Petrescu.jpg	1906–1969	5 July 1949	28 December 1949	bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color |	PMR
45	5	Alexandru Drăghici	Файл:Alexandru Drăghici.jpg	1913–1993	28 December 1949	26 January 1950	bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color |	PMR
(44)	(4)	Dumitru Petrescu	Файл:Dumitru Petrescu.jpg	1906–1969	26 January 1950	29 May 1950	bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color |	PMR
46	6	Constantin Doncea	Файл:Constantin Doncea.jpg	1904–1973	29 May 1950	6 September 1950	bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color |	PMR
(41)	(1)	Gheorghe Apostol	Файл:Gheorghe Apostol.jpg	1913–2010	6 September 1950	5 April 1951	bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color |	PMR
47	7	Ion Vincze	Файл:Ion Vinte.jpg	1910–1996	5 April 1951	26 March 1952	bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color |	PMR
(41)	(1)	Gheorghe Apostol	Файл:Gheorghe Apostol.jpg	1913–2010	26 March 1952	6 June 1952	bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color |	PMR
48	8	Gheorghe Stoica	Файл:Gheorghe Stoica.jpg	1900–1976	2 June 1952	30 November 1952	bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color |	PMR
(43)	(3)	Constantin Pârvulescu	Файл:Constantin Pirvulescu.jpg	1895–1992	23 January 1953	5 March 1961	bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color |	PMR
49	9	Ştefan Voitec	Файл:Stefan Voitec1.jpg	1900–1984	20 March 1961	28 March 1974	bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color |	PMR/PCR
50	10	Miron Constantinescu	Файл:Miron Constantinescu.jpg	1917–1974	28 March 1974	18 July 1974	bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color |	PCR
51	11	Nicolae Giosan	Файл:Nicolae Giosan.jpg	1921–1990	26 July 1974	12 December 1989	bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color |	PCR