Английская Википедия:Great Russian Encyclopedia
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox book
The Great Russian Encyclopedia (GRE; Шаблон:Lang-ru, БРЭ, transliterated as Bolshaya rossiyskaya entsiklopediya or academically as Bol'šaja rossijskaja ènciklopedija) is a universal Russian encyclopedia, completed in 36 volumes, published between 2004 and 2017 by Great Russian Encyclopedia, JSC (Шаблон:Lang-ru, transliterated as Bolshaya rossiyskaya entsiklopediya PAO). A successor to the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, it was released under the auspices of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) after President Vladimir Putin signed a presidential decree №1156 in 2002.[1] The complete edition was released by 2017.[2]
The chief editor of the encyclopedia was Yury Osipov, the president of the RAS. The editorial board had more than 80 RAS members.[1]
The first, introductory volume, released in 2004, was dedicated to Russia. Thirty-five volumes were released between 2005 and 2017, covering the range from "A" to "Яя" (Yaya).[3] The RAS plans to publish an updated version every five years, although it may not be issued in print after the first edition.
Personnel and management
Editorial board
Yury Osipov, a mathematician, President of RAS (1991-2013), is the GRE Editor in Chief and Chairman of the Scientific Editorial Board.[4][5][6][7][8]
Managing editor is Sergey Kravets, journalist, editor and cultural figure.
Also in the scientific editorial board are or were:
- RAS Academics:
Sergey S. Averintsev, Eugene N. Avrorin, Sergei I. Adian, Yuri P. Altukhov, Zhores I. Alferov, Boris V. Anan'ich, Alexander F. Andreev, Leo N. Andreev, Dmitry V. Anosov, Vladimir I. Arnold, Sergey N. Bagaev, Nikolai Bahvalov, Oleg A. Bogatikov, Alexander A. Boyarchuk, Evgeny Velikhov, Vladimir A. Vinogradov, Andrei I. Vorobyov, Eric M. Galimov, Andrey V. Gaponov-Grekhov, Mikhail L. Gasparov, Vitaly L. Ginzburg, Georgy S. Golitsyn, Andrei A. Gonchar, Anatoly I. Grigoriev, Abdusalam A. Guseinov, Mikhail I. Davydov, Anatoly P. Derevyanko, Nikolai L. Dobretsov, Yuri I. Zhuravlev, Nicholas S. Zefirov, Yuri A. Zolotov, Viktor P. Ivannikov, Vadim T. Ivanov, Sergei G. Inge-Vechtomov, Alexander S. Isaev, Victor A. Kabanov, Eugene N. Kablov, Sergei P. Karpov, Lev L. Kiselev, Alex E. Kontorovich, Vladimir M. Kotlyakov, Oleg N. Krokhin, Edward P. Kruglyakov, Alexander B. Kudelin, Oleg Y. Kutafin, Nikolai P. Laverov, Viktor P. Legostaev, Nikolai P. Liakishev, Valery L. Makarov, Alexander M. Matveenko, Gennady A. Mesyats, Alexander D. Nekipelov, Alexei V. Nikolaev, Sergey P. Novikov, Yuri S. Osipov, Dmitry S. Pavlov, Alexey N. Parshin, Nikolai A. Plate, Nikolai N. Ponomarev-Steppe, Yuri V. Prokhorov, Alexei Y. Rozanov, Valery A. Rubakov, Alexander Y. Rumyantsev, Dmitry V. Rundkvist, Gennady I. Savin, Victor A. Sadovnichii, Alexander N. Skrinsky, Alexander S. Spirin, Yuri S. Stepanov, Vyacheslav S. Stepin, Michael L. Titarenko, Valery A. Tishkov, Yuri D. Tretyakov, Kliment N. Trubetskoy, Oleg H. Favorsky, Ludvig D. Faddeev, Vladimir Ye. Fortov, Konstantin V. Frolov, Yuri I. Chernov, Gorimir G. Chernii, Alexander O. Chubarian, Vitaly D. Shafranov, Sergey V. Shestakov, Dmitry V. Shirkov.
- RAS Corresponding Members:
Boris A. Babayan, Vladimir I. Vasiliev, Piama P. Gaidenko, Rudolf V. Kamelin, Michael V. Kovalchuk, Nikolai I. Lapin, Sergey S. Lappo, Alexey V. Yablokov.
- Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences Academician:
- Russian Academy of Arts Academician:
- Russian Federation Statesmen:
- Aleksandr A. Avdeyev (Culture Minister in 2008–2012),
- Andrei A. Fursenko (Minister of Education and Science of the Russian Federation in 2004–2012),
- Andrei A. Kokoshin (Secretary of the Russian Security Council in 1998),
- Sergey E. Naryshkin (Head of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation in 2008–2011, Chairman of the State Duma of the Russian Federation since 2011),
- Alexander S. Sokolov (musicologist, Culture Minister in 2004-2008),
- Sergey K. Shoigu (Minister of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation in 1994–2012, Defense Minister from 2012),
- Mikhail E. Shvydkoi (Culture Minister in 2000–2004),
- Alexander D. Zhukov (Deputy Prime Minister in 2004–2011).
- and also:
Alexei D. Bogaturov, Sergey V. Chemezov, Vladimir V. Grigoriev, Alexei I. Komech, Vladimir A. Mau, D. L. Orlov.
Edition summary
Publication schedule and contents of volumes:
| Vol. | Title (translit - translation) | Publication year | ISBN | pages |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| - | Россия (Rossija - Russia) | 2004 | Шаблон:ISBN | 1008 |
| 1 | A (A) Анкетирование (Anketirovanie - Questionnaires) |
2005 | Шаблон:ISBN | 766 |
| 2 | Анкилоз (Ankiloz - Ankylosis) Банка (Banka – Ocean bank) |
2005 | Шаблон:ISBN | 766 |
| 3 | «Банкетная кампания» 1904 («Banketnaja kampanija» 1904 - «Banquet campaign» 1904) Большой Иргиз (Bol'shoj Irgiz) |
2005 | Шаблон:ISBN | 766 |
| 4 | Большой Кавказ (Bol'shoj Kavkaz - Greater Caucasus) Великий канал (Velikij kanal - Great Channel) |
2006 | Шаблон:ISBN | 766 |
| 5 | Великий князь (Velikij knjaz' – The Grand Duke) Восходящий узел орбиты (Voshodjashchij uzel orbity - ascending node of the orbit) |
2006 | Шаблон:ISBN | 786 |
| 6 | Восьмеричный путь (Vos'merichnyj put' - Eightfold Path) Германцы (Germancy - Germanic peoples) |
2006 | Шаблон:ISBN | 768 |
| 7 | Гермафродит (Germafrodit – Hermaphrodite) Григорьев (Grigor'ev - Grigoriev) |
2007 | Шаблон:ISBN | 767 |
| 8 | Григорьев (Grigor'ev - Grigoriev) Динамика (Dinamika - Dynamics) |
2007 | Шаблон:ISBN | 767 |
| 9 | Динамика атмосферы (Dinamika atmosfery - Dynamics of the atmosphere) Железнодорожный узел (Zheleznodorozhnyj uzel - Railway junction) |
2007 | Шаблон:ISBN | 767 |
| 10 | Железное дерево (Zheleznoe derevo - Iron Tree) Излучение (Izluchenie - Radiation) |
2008 | Шаблон:ISBN | 767 |
| 11 | Излучение плазмы (Izluchenie plazmy - Radiation plasma) Исламский фронт спасения (Islamskij front spasenija - the Islamic Salvation Front) |
2008 | Шаблон:ISBN | 767 |
| 12 | Исландия (Islandija - Iceland) Канцеляризмы (Kanceljarizmy - Officialese) |
2008 | Шаблон:ISBN | 767 |
| 13 | Канцелярия конфискации (Kanceljarija konfiskacii - Chancery of Confiscation) Киргизы (Kirgizy - Kirghiz) |
2009 | Шаблон:ISBN | 783 |
| 14 | Киреев (Kireev - Kireyev) Конго (Kongo - Congo) |
2009 | Шаблон:ISBN | 751 |
| 15 | Конго (Kongo - Congo) Крещение (Kreshchenie - Baptism) |
2010 | Шаблон:ISBN | 767 |
| 16 | Крещение Господне (Kreshchenie Gospodne - Epiphany) Ласточковые (Lastochkovye - Hirundinidae) |
2010 | Шаблон:ISBN | 751 |
| 17 | Лас-Тунас (Las-Tunas - Las Tunas) Ломонос (Lomonos - Clematis) |
2011 | Шаблон:ISBN | 751 |
| 18 | Ломоносов (Lomonosov - Lomonosov) Манизер (Manizer - Manizer) |
2011 | Шаблон:ISBN | 768 |
| 19 | Маниковский (Manikovskij - Iznikovsky) Меотида (Meotida - Maeotias) |
2012 | Шаблон:ISBN | 768 |
| 20 | Меотская археологическая культура (Meotskaja arheologicheskaja kul'tura - Meotian archaeological culture) Монголо-татарское нашествие (Mongolo-tatarskoe nashestvie - Mongol-Tatar invasion) |
2012 | Шаблон:ISBN | 768 |
| 21 | Монголы (Mongoly - Mongols) Наноматериалы (Nanomaterialy - Nanomaterials) |
2013 | Шаблон:ISBN | 768 |
| 22 | Нанонаука (Nanonauka - Nanoscience) Николай Кавасила (Nikolaj Kavasila - Nicholas Kabasilas) |
2013 | Шаблон:ISBN | 767 |
| 23 | Николай Кузанский (Nikolaj Kuzanskij - Nicholas of Cusa) Океан (Okean - Ocean) |
2013 | Шаблон:ISBN | 767 |
| 24 | Океанариум (Okeanarium - Oceanarium) Оясио (Ojasio - Oyashio) |
2014 | Шаблон:ISBN | 767[9] |
| 25 | П (P - П) Пертур (Pertur - Perturbation) |
2014 | Шаблон:ISBN | 765[10] |
| 26 | Перу (Peru - Peru) Полуприцеп (Polupritsep - Semitrailer) |
2014 | Шаблон:ISBN | 767[11] |
| 27 | Полупроводники (Poluprovodniki - Semiconductors) Пустыня (Pustynya - Desert) |
2014 | Шаблон:ISBN | 767[12] |
| 28 | Пустырник (Pustyrnik - Motherwort) Румчерод (Rumcherod - Rumcherod) |
2015 | Шаблон:ISBN | 767[13] |
| 29 | Румыния (Rumyniya - Romania) Сен-Жан-де-Люз (Sen-Zhan-de-Lyuz - Saint-Jean-de-Luz) |
2015 | Шаблон:ISBN | 767[14] |
| 30 | Сен-Жерменский мир 1679 (Sen-Zhermenskiy mir 1679 - Saint-Germain Treaty 1679) Социальное обеспечение (Sotsial'noye obespecheniye - Social security) |
2016 | Шаблон:ISBN | 767[15] |
| 31 | Социальное партнёрство (Sotsial'noye partnyorstvo - Social partnership) Телевидение (Televideniye - Television) |
2016 | Шаблон:ISBN | 768[16] |
| 32 | Телевизионная башня (Televizionnaya bashnya - Television tower) Улан-Батор (Ulan-Bator - Ulaanbaatar) |
2016 | Шаблон:ISBN | 768[17] |
| 33 | Уланд (Uland - Uhland) Хватцев (Khvatsev - Khvatsev) |
2017 | Шаблон:ISBN | 799[18] |
| 34 | Хвойка (Khvoyka - Khvoyka) Шервинский (Shervinsky - Shervinsky) |
2017 | Шаблон:ISBN | 799[19] |
| 35 | Шервуд (Shervud - Sherwood) Яя (Yaya - Yaya) |
2017 | Шаблон:ISBN | 799[20] |
Electronic version
In 2022, an electronic version, Шаблон:Ill was launched at Шаблон:URL, described as a Russian government alternative to Wikipedia.[21] Some assumed that this will be associated with blocking Wikipedia or competing with it, however Russian officials disavowed this claim.[22][23]
Criticism
While it was widely recognized that the Great Soviet Encyclopedia needed a replacement, the need for a print encyclopedia has been questioned, since many other analogues have now moved online, such as the Encyclopædia Britannica and the Brockhaus Enzyklopädie.[24]
Critics complain that many of the biographies, historical entries, and cultural articles are narrow and biased: according to writer and literary critic Шаблон:Ill, several of the articles are "quite superficial" and "the lists of references at the end were often extremely biased". While admitting that some of the articles in the encyclopedia were "excellent", Podosokorsky still stated that he maintained a generally negative view of the project.[24]
References
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Title page of BDT Volume 30
- ↑ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 24. Oceanarium - Oyashio Шаблон:Webarchive (in Russian).
- ↑ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 25. P - Perturbation Шаблон:Webarchive (in Russian).
- ↑ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 26. Peru - Semitrailer Шаблон:Webarchive (in Russian).
- ↑ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 27. Semiconductors - Desert Шаблон:Webarchive (in Russian).
- ↑ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 28. Motherwort - Rumcherod Шаблон:Webarchive (in Russian).
- ↑ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 29. Romania - Saint-Jean-de-Luz Шаблон:Webarchive (in Russian).
- ↑ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 30. Saint-Germain World 1679 - Social Security Шаблон:Webarchive (in Russian).
- ↑ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 31. Social partnership - Television Шаблон:Webarchive (in Russian).
- ↑ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 32. TV Tower - Ulaanbaatar Шаблон:Webarchive (in Russian).
- ↑ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 33. Uhland-Khvatsev Шаблон:Webarchive (in Russian).
- ↑ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 34. Khvoyka-Shervinsky Шаблон:Webarchive (in Russian).
- ↑ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 35. Uhland-Khvatsev Шаблон:Webarchive (in Russian).
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Песков заявил, что о запрете доступа к "Википедии" речь не идет
- ↑ Кравец: Большая Российская энциклопедия не соревнуется с "Википедией"
- ↑ 24,0 24,1 Шаблон:Cite news
External links
