Английская Википедия:Grifola frondosa
Шаблон:Redirect Шаблон:More citations needed Шаблон:Speciesbox Шаблон:Mycomorphbox Grifola frondosa (also known as hen-of-the-woods, Шаблон:Nihongo3 in Japanese, ram's head or sheep's head) is a polypore mushroom that grows at the base of trees, particularly old growth oaks or maples. It is typically found in late summer to early autumn. It is native to China, Europe, and North America.[1]
Description
Like the sulphur shelf mushroom, G. frondosa is a perennial fungus that often grows in the same place for several years in succession. It occurs most prolifically in the northeastern regions of the United States, but has been found as far west as Idaho.Шаблон:Citation needed
G. frondosa grows from an underground tuber-like structure known as a sclerotium, about the size of a potato. The fruiting body, occurring as large as Шаблон:Convert, rarely Шаблон:Convert, is a cluster consisting of multiple grayish-brown caps which are often curled or spoon-shaped, with wavy margins and Шаблон:Convert broad.[2] The undersurface of each cap bears about one to three pores per millimeter, with the tubes rarely deeper than Шаблон:Convert.[2] The milky-white stipe (stalk) has a branchy structure and becomes tough as the mushroom matures.Шаблон:Citation needed
In Japan, the Шаблон:Transl can grow to more than Шаблон:Convert.
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Maitake, a polypore mushroom
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A large specimen found in New York state
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Maitake mushroom tempura
Identification
This is a very distinct mushroom except for its cousin, the black staining mushroom, which is similar in taste but rubbery. Edible species which look similar to Grifola frondosa include Meripilus sumstinei (which stains black), Sparassis spathulata[3] and Laetiporus sulphureus, another edible bracket fungus that is commonly called chicken of the woods or "sulphur shelf."
Uses
The species is a choice edible mushroom.[4] Maitake has been consumed for centuries in China and Japan[5] where it is one of the major culinary mushrooms.Шаблон:Citation needed The mushroom is used in many Japanese dishes, such as nabemono.Шаблон:Citation needed The softer caps must be thoroughly cooked.[2]
Research
Although under laboratory and preliminary clinical research for many years, particularly for the possible biological effects of its polysaccharides, there are no completed, high-quality clinical studies for Grifola frondosa Шаблон:As of.[5][6]
See also
References
External links
Шаблон:Medicinal herbs & fungi Шаблон:Taxonbar Шаблон:Authority control
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