Английская Википедия:Grogol River
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox river The Grogol River (Kali Grogol) is a small river in the western part of the Special Capital Region of Jakarta, Indonesia.[1][2] The lower portions of the original river have been channelized with levees built along its banks,[3][4] but flooding remains a real concern.[4][5] Illegal buildings built along its banks were removed in 2014,[6] and fifty-eight village families were provided with replacement housing, but most of them could not be accommodated.[7]
Course
The Grogol River arises around Шаблон:Coord in Desa Kedungbadak and runs north between the Krukut River[8] to the east and the Pasanggrahan River to the west, further north the Sekretaris River[9] arises to the west. The Grogol passes through Desa Sukadamai and Desa Kencana. After crossing the Jakarta Outer Ring Road (Jalan Tol Lingkar Luar Jakarta) it follows parallel to and just east of Route 12. At Шаблон:Coord there is an overflow channel that goes west to the Pasanggrahan River. The Grogol continues north through Senayan City and just west of Gelora Bung Karno Stadium. It serves as a drain for Palmerah Urban Village.[6] Beginning at Bank Danamon Central Park it parallels Route 1 until Шаблон:Coord where an overflow channel heads due west to join the Sekretaris River, while the channelized river continues beside Route 1 and flows into the Angke River at Шаблон:Coord.
Hydrology
The Grogol River has a length of Шаблон:Convert, with the watershed area (Шаблон:Lang-id) of 32.08 km².[10] The average daily rainfall is 144 mm, with the peak flow rate at 290 m³ per second.[10]
Geography
The river flows in the northwest area of Java with predominantly tropical rainforest climate (designated as Af in the Köppen–Geiger climate classification).[11] The annual average temperature in the area is 27 °C. The warmest month is March, when the average temperature is around 30 °C, and the coldest is May, at 26 °C.[12] The average annual rainfall is 3674 mm. The wettest month is December, with an average of 456 mm rainfall, and the driest is September, with 87 mm rainfall.[13]
See also
References
- ↑ Шаблон:GEOnet2, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
- ↑ Kali Grogol - Geonames.org.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ 4,0 4,1 Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ 6,0 6,1 Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:GEOnet2, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
- ↑ Шаблон:GEOnet2, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
- ↑ 10,0 10,1 BBWS Ciliwung Cisadane. Pengendalian Banjir dan Perbaikan Sungai Ciliwung Cisadane (PBPS CC). Archived in Konservasi DAS Ciliwung - April 2012.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
