Английская Википедия:Grok (chatbot)

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Grok is a generative artificial intelligence chatbot developed by xAI, based on a large language model (LLM). It was developed as an initiative by Elon Musk as a direct response to the rise of OpenAI's ChatGPT which Musk co-founded. The chatbot is advertised as "having a sense of humor" and direct access to Twitter (X). It is currently under beta testing for those with the premium version of X.

Background

Musk co-founded the AI research organisation OpenAI with Sam Altman in 2015. Musk left the company's board in 2018, saying of his decision that he "didn't agree with some of what OpenAI team wanted to do". OpenAI went on to launch ChatGPT in 2022, and GPT-4 in March 2023. That month, Elon Musk was one of individuals to sign an open letter from the Future of Life Institute calling for a six-month pause in the development of any AI software more powerful than GPT-4.

In April 2023, Elon Musk said in an interview on Tucker Carlson Tonight that he intended to develop an AI chatbot called "TruthGPT", which he described as "a maximum truth-seeking AI that tries to understand the nature of the universe". He expressed concern to Carlson that ChatGPT was being "trained to be politically correct".

TruthGPT would later become known as "Grok", a verb coined by Robert A. Heinlein in his 1961 science-fiction novel Stranger in a Strange Land to describe a form of understanding.

In December 2023 the Silicon Valley start-up Curio launched a range of AI-powered children's toys, including a rocket-shaped character named Grok. The toy is voiced by Musk's ex-girlfriend Grimes, who is also an investor in the start-up, but the product is unrelated to the xAI service.

History

In November 2023, xAI began previewing Grok as a chatbot to selected people, with participation in the early access program being limited to paid X Premium users. It was announced that once the bot was out of early beta, it would only be available to higher tier X Premium+ subscribers. At the time of the preview, xAI described the chatbot as "a very early beta product – the best we could do with 2 months of training" that could "improve rapidly with each passing week".

Grok-1.5, the next version of Grok, is expected to be available to the public in February 2024. Musk claimed Grok-1.5 will have "substantial improvements across the board".

Features

An xAI statement described the chatbot as having been designed to "answer questions with a bit of wit" and as having "a rebellious streak", as well as a willingness to "answer spicy questions that are rejected by most other AI systems". It said that bot had been "modeled after The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, so intended to answer almost anything".

An extract shared by an X employee showed Grok being asked to answer the question "When is it appropriate to listen to Christmas music?" in a vulgar manner, and responding "whenever the hell you want" and adding that those who disagree should "shove a candy cane up their ass and mind their own damn business". Elon Musk shared a screenshot of Grok giving detailed instructions on how to manufacture cocaine. Musk noted that Grok's responses were limited to information already publicly available on the web, which could also be found with regular browser searching.

The chatbot has been characterised as "anti-woke" by the press. Musk has said of the OpenAI organization, which seemingly engineered its ChatGPT to have more filters on sensitive topics, that "the danger of training AI to be woke – in other words, lie – is deadly". Following the chatbot's December 2023 launch to Premium+ subscribers, Grok was found to be giving progressive answers on questions about social justice, climate change and transgender identities. After a researcher claimed to have applied the Political Compass test to Grok and found its responses to be left-wing and libertarian – even slightly more so than ChatGPT – Musk responded saying that xAI would be taking "immediate action to shift Grok closer to politically neutral".

Testing Grok in December 2023, Vice magazine found that it was returning misinformation and false timelines when asked about news events, such as wrongly claiming that the Israel–Hamas war had reached a ceasefire in early October when it had not.

The chatbot defaults to its "fun mode", which has an "edgy" and editorialized voice, but can be set to "regular mode" where it does not. The Verge compared Grok's fun mode responses to the game Cards Against Humanity, and noted that while the chatbot could be aggressive in tone it was never aggressive to the user. Vice magazine found that Grok's fun mode resulted in "both sides" responses when asked about debunked conspiracy theories such as Pizzagate, where its regular mode would identify the theories as false.

See also

• Шаблон:Annotated link
• Шаблон:Annotated link
• Шаблон:Annotated link
• Tay - chatbot that was released by Microsoft Corporation via Twitter in March 2016.