Gaspar Frutuoso, the 16th century chronicler and historian wrote:
"Afar, a short way from the Fortress, going west, is a place called Ponta dos Algares, because there are two grottos with their opening, inside which there is a large underground path where rivers of lava seeming to have run in ancient times, not known nor seen."[1]
Owing to its scientific, educational and touristic relevance, as well as its natural characteristics, the Gruta do Carvão was classified as a Regional natural Monument by Regional Decree 4/2005/A on 11 May 2005.[1]
The Gruta is situated in the parish of Santa Clara, in the northwest part of Ponta Delgada and is integrated into the Monumento Natural Regional da Gruta do Carvão (Regional Natural Monument of Gruta do Carvão), to the northwest of water reservoirs of SMAS, along Rua do Paim.[1]
The largest lava tunnel on the island of São Miguel, the cave is located in the western edge of Ponta Delgada and extends for Шаблон:Convert. It is divided into three sections: Rua de Lisboa (or Secadores de Tabaco), Rua do Paim and Rua João do Rego. Yet, older documents and field work suggest that the tube actually longer, and may reach a length of Шаблон:Convert.[1] The section at Rua do Paim is approximately Шаблон:Convert long, with an internal cavity that is at its maximum extent Шаблон:Convert high and Шаблон:Convert wide.[1]
Along the cavern walls are speleological structures such as lateral benches, lava bridges, branching galleries, lava balls, stalactites, stalagmites, columns, spongy lavas, glaze and tree moulds.[1] Apart from several cracks, the walls and ceiling are multi-coloured (orange to yellowish) due to the basalt oxidization. There are also conical-shaped stalactites, secondary mineral deposits of silica and earthen deposits covering the walls and ceiling.[1] Many of the stalagmites are Шаблон:Convert long with long sections of superimposed, soda-straw, conical ring-type tubes with pitted pockets.[1]
