Английская Википедия:Gulf of Oman
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox body of water
The Gulf of Oman or Sea of Oman (Шаблон:Lang-ar khalīj ʿumān; Шаблон:Lang-fa daryâ-ye omân), also known as Gulf of Makran or Sea of Makran (Шаблон:Lang-ar khalīj makrān; Шаблон:Lang-fa daryâ-ye makrān), is a gulf that connects the Arabian Sea with the Strait of Hormuz, which then runs to the Persian Gulf. It borders Iran and Pakistan on the north, Oman on the south, and the United Arab Emirates on the west.
Extent
The International Hydrographic Organization defines the limits of the Gulf of Oman as follows:[1]
Exclusive economic zone
Exclusive economic zones in Persian Gulf:[2][3][4][5][6][7]
| Number | Country | Area (Km2) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Шаблон:OMA | 108,779 |
| 2 | Шаблон:IRI | 65,850 |
| 3 | Шаблон:UAE | 4,371 |
| 4 | Шаблон:PAK | 2,000 |
| Total | Persian Gulf | 181,000 |
Bordering countries
Coastline length of bordering countries:
- Шаблон:IRI - 850 km coastline
- Шаблон:OMA - 750 km coastline
- Шаблон:UAE - 50 km coastline
- Шаблон:PAK - 50 km coastline
Alternative names
The Gulf of Oman historically and geographically has been referred to by different names by Arabian, Iranian, Indian, Pakistani, and European geographers and travelers, including Makran Sea and Akhzar Sea.[8][9]
- Makran Sea
- Akhzar Sea
- Persian Sea (consists of the whole of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman)
Until the 18th century, it was known as Makran Sea and is also visible on historical maps and museums.[10]
Major ports
- Port of Fujairah, Fujairah, United Arab Emirates
- Khor Fakkan Container Terminal, Khor Fakkan, United Arab Emirates
- Port of Chabahar, Chabahar, Iran
- Port Sultan Qaboos, Muttrah, Oman
International trade
The Western side of the gulf connects to the Strait of Hormuz, a strategic route through which a third of the world's liquefied natural gas and 20% of global oil consumption passes from Middle East producers.[11]
Ecology
In 2018, scientists confirmed the Gulf of Oman contains one of the world's largest marine dead zones, where the ocean contains little or no oxygen and marine wildlife cannot exist. The dead zone encompasses nearly the entire Шаблон:Convert Gulf of Oman and equivalent to the size of Florida, United States of America. The cause is a combination of increased ocean warming and increased runoff of nitrogen and phosphorus from fertilizers.[12]
International underwater rail tunnel
In 2018, a rail tunnel under the sea was suggested to link the UAE with the western coast of India. The bullet train tunnel would be supported by pontoons and be nearly Шаблон:Convert in length.[13][14]
Pop culture
In the Battlefield video game series, the Gulf of Oman is a map used in Battlefield 2, Battlefield 3, Battlefield Play4Free and Battlefield 4 with the United States Marines Corps (USMC) invading the shore of Oman with the fictional Middle Eastern Coalition (MEC) defending it in Battlefield 2, and with Russian Ground Forces defending it in Play4Free, Battlefield 3 and Battlefield 4.
See also
- Strait of Hormuz
- Persian Gulf
- Eastern Arabia
- Musandam Peninsula
- History of the United Arab Emirates#The pearling industry and the Portuguese empire: 16th - 18th century
- Saeed bin Butti#Perpetual Maritime Truce
- Trucial States
- Sultan bin Saqr Al Qasimi#Perpetual Maritime Truce of 1853
- Persian Gulf campaign of 1809
- Persian Gulf campaign of 1819
- General Maritime Treaty of 1820
- May 2019 Gulf of Oman incident
- June 2019 Gulf of Oman incident
- Geography of Oman
- Geography of Iran
- Geography of United Arab Emirates
- Geography of Pakistan
- Шаблон:Portal-inline
References
Further reading
- "The Book of Duarte Barbosa" by Duarte Barbosa, Mansel Longworth Dames. 1989. p. 79. Шаблон:ISBN
- "The Natural History of Pliny". by Pliny, Henry Thomas Riley, John Bostock. 1855. p. 117
- "The Countries and Tribes of the Persian Gulf" by Samuel Barrett Miles - 1966. p. 148
- "The Life & Strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe of York, Mariner". by Daniel Defoe. 1895. p. 279
- "The Outline of History: Being a Plain History of Life and Mankind". by Herbert George Well. 1920. p. 379.
- "The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge" by Johann Jakob Herzog, Philip Schaff, Albert Hauck. 1910. p. 242
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ "A 2,000-km-long underwater rail will connect Mumbai to the UAE very soon!", Times of India, 30 November 2018. Retrieved 2 November 2021
- ↑ "The UAE Wants an Underwater Bullet Train to India", Futurism.com, 5 December 2018. Retrieved 2 November 2021
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