Английская Википедия:Gurung Hill
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Distinguish Шаблон:Infobox mountain
Gurung Hill is a mountain near the Line of Actual Control between the Indian- and Chinese-administered portions of Ladakh near the village of Chushul and the Spanggur Lake. As of 2020, the Line of Actual Control runs on the north–south ridgeline of Gurung Hill. To the west of Gurung lies the Chushul valley (or 'Chushul Bown') and to the right of it are mountains of Kailash Range forming the basins of the Spanggur Lake and the Pangong Lake in this area.[1]
During the 1962 Sino-Indian War, a battle was fought at Gurung Hill, which resulted in a victory for the Chinese forces.[2]
Geography
The Gurung Hill is one of the mountains on the watershed mountain range between the Tsaka Chu river and the Spanggur Lake. The Chinese delegation at the 1960 border talks between China and India claimed this range as China's 'traditional customary boundary', whereas India claimed a boundary further east, cutting across the Spanggur Lake. During the 1962 Sino-Indian War, pitched battles were fought along this range and, in the end, China's claim line was enforced. It is now the Line of Actual Control between the two countries.
Gurung Hill on the north and the Maggar Hill on the south flank a wide gap in the mountains called the Spanggur Gap. The gap leads to the Spanggur Lake in the east and the town of Rutog beyond.
Gurung Hill has an inverted C-shaped ridge line. The southern wing of the ridge which flanks the Spanggur gap has a few relatively flat sections, the lowest of which is referred to as the 'Camel's Back' Шаблон:Efn by the Indian Army. A middle section of the ridge is termed the 'Table Top' (Шаблон:Lang-zh) Шаблон:Efn and the top of the ridge the 'Bump' (Point 5524.5) Шаблон:Efn . The ridge rises from the valley floor at Шаблон:Convert to a height of Шаблон:Convert.
A branch of the ridge runs east from the 'Bump' and extends to some miles. It carries a strategic pass termed the 'Quidijiankela Pass' Шаблон:Efn by the Chinese. In between the 'Bump' and the pass is the highest peak in the region, termed the Black Top by the Indian Army (Шаблон:Lang-zh),[3]Шаблон:Efn at an elevation of Шаблон:Convert.
The Gurung Hill ends in the north at a peak called 'Point 5167'.Шаблон:Efn The recognised Line of Actual Control runs northeast from here to the middle of the Phursook Bay along a ridge termed 'Helmet'.Шаблон:Efn[4][5]
History
Ladakh boundary definition
1962 Battle of Gurung Hill
Gurung Hill was at the center of a network of Indian posts at Black Top, Table Top, Camel's Back, Yula, Spanggur Gap and Magar Hill.Шаблон:Citation needed Neighbouring it to the east is Black Top, which is a continuation of Gurung Hill,[6] and which got its name from its black rocks.[7] The portion of Gurung Hill adjoining Black Top is flat and is called Table Top or Plateau. The rest of the hill is called Camel's Back. To the east of Black Top is the Yula pass, where India had three posts.[2] By 22 October, the Chinese were firing on Yula, and troops were withdrawn from Yula. To the south of Gurung Hill is the Spanggur Gap, and across it, Magar Hill, both of which were held by India.[2] Chinese troops attacked Gurung Hill and Magar Hill, and conquered Plateau on 18 November 1962 and Camel's Back the next day. The forces at Magar Hill were withdrawn on the night of 19 November.[2]
2020 border standoff
During the border standoff in summer–autumn 2020, the Indian Army said that the PLA made provocative military moves in the Chushul sector and it moved to preempt them. On the night of 29/30 it occupied several heights around the Chinese-administered area, including the Gurung Hill.[8][9][10][11][12] It was also reported that around 100 Chinese soldiers were seen below the 'Black Top' hill. However, no physical clash was reported and the Indian Army repositioned its troops in the area as a precaution to prevent any future intrusion by the PLA.[10] There were sporadic media reports of the Indian Army also taking control of the Black Top hill but these were denied by the Indian government sources.[13]
See also
Notes
References
Bibliography
- ↑ Why Indian troops secured Kailash Range crestline, and the importance of Chushul Bowl, The Print, 10 September 2020.
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Col. Vinayak Bhat, After drubbing from India, China attempts to change name of Black Top, India Today, 9 September 2020.
- ↑ Large Scale International Boundaries (LSIB), Europe and Asia, 2012, earthworks.stanford.edu, Stanford University.
- ↑ Abishek Bhalla, Indian Army's control of hilltops on south bank of Pangong Lake irks China, India Today, 1 September 2020.
- ↑ Шаблон:CitationШаблон:Page needed
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite bookШаблон:Page needed
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 10,0 10,1 Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ "Any Trajectory" Possible In India-China Stand-Off, Talks Critical: Sources, NDTV, 10 September 2020.
.jpg){kind=link}