Английская Википедия:Gyalolechia

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Gyalolechia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi belonging to the family Teloschistaceae. It contains 18 species of crustose lichens.

Taxonomy

The genus was circumscribed by Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo in 1852. He included two species: G. bracteata and G. aurea. Although Massalongo did not designate a type species for the genus, Josef Poelt assigned G. aurea to that status in 1965. After Massalongo introduced the monotypic genus Fulgensia in 1853, Gyalolechia fell out of use.

Gyalolechia was resurrected for use by Ulf Arup and colleagues in 2013, as part of a molecular phylogenetics-based restructuring of the Teloschistaceae. Gyalolechia, which is sister to the genus Blastenia, contains most of the species formerly assigned to the genus Fulgensia, the species group centred around the taxon formerly known as Caloplaca flavorubescens, and other species that contain fragilin as the dominant lichen product. Twenty-five species were included in the new circumscription of the genus, but this number has since diminished as several species have been transferred from it to other new genera, including Athallia, Cerothallia, Elenkiniana, Laundonia, Mikhtomia, Opeltia, and Oxneriopsis.

Description

The thallus of Gyalolechia presents as a crust-like structure that can take on various forms, ranging from small scales to Шаблон:Lichengloss resembling leaves. The Шаблон:Lichengloss, or outer layer, of the lichen exhibits several distinct types:

• False cortex, which resembles a cortex but does not function as one.
• Cortex consisting of irregular hyphae, characterized by long and narrow cell Шаблон:Lichengloss (the spaces within the hyphae).
• Шаблон:Lichengloss cortex, featuring closely packed hyphae.
• Cortex with Шаблон:Lichengloss arranged hyphae, where the hyphae are oriented at right angles, and the cell lumina are oval or oblong. The cell walls in this type of cortex are weakly gelatinized.

Шаблон:Lichengloss, the reproductive structures of the lichen, start as Шаблон:Lichengloss and may transition into a Шаблон:Lichengloss form. These structures are typically coloured in shades of orange to brownish-orange and contain anthraquinone compounds. The Шаблон:Lichengloss produced by Gyalolechia lichens exhibit variability in shape and structure. They can be Шаблон:Lichengloss, meaning they have a short to long septum. Their walls are thin, and no visible channels are present. Spores can take on fusiform (spindle-shaped), narrowly to broadly ellipsoid (similar to an elongated oval), or pyriform (pear-shaped) shapes. Occasionally, these spores may exhibit a slight curvature.

The Шаблон:Lichengloss (structures associated with asexual reproduction) of Gyaloechia are typically orange and can be either unchambered or multi-chambered. The Шаблон:Lichengloss, which are asexual spores produced within pycnidia, range in shape from bacilliform (rod-shaped) to ellipsoid.

Species

Шаблон:As of, Species Fungorum (in the Catalogue of Life) includes 18 species in Gyalolechia:

Файл:Fulgensia fulgens Plouharnel 2010-01-16.jpg

Gyalolechia fulgens

• Gyalolechia allochroa Шаблон:Au
• Gyalolechia bracteata Шаблон:Au
• Gyalolechia canariensis Шаблон:Au
• Gyalolechia cranfieldii Шаблон:Au
• Gyalolechia desertorum Шаблон:Au
• Gyalolechia epiphyta Шаблон:Au
• Gyalolechia epiplacynthium Шаблон:Au
• Gyalolechia flavovirescens Шаблон:Au
• Gyalolechia fulgens Шаблон:Au
• Gyalolechia fulgida Шаблон:Au
• Gyalolechia klementii Шаблон:Au
• Gyalolechia persimilis Шаблон:Au
• Gyalolechia pruinosa Шаблон:Au
• Gyalolechia stantonii Шаблон:Au
• Gyalolechia stipitata Шаблон:Au
• Gyalolechia subbracteata Шаблон:Au
• Gyalolechia xanthostigmoidea Шаблон:Au