Английская Википедия:HMS Hope (1910)

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Шаблон:Infobox ship imageШаблон:Infobox ship careerШаблон:Infobox ship characteristics

HMS Hope was the first warship constructed by Swan Hunter and one of 20 Шаблон:Sclass (later H-class) destroyers built for the Royal Navy that served in the First World War. The Acorn class were smaller than the preceding Шаблон:Sclass but oil-fired and better armed. Launched in 1910, Hope served with the Second Destroyer Flotilla of the Grand Fleet as an escort based at Devonport for most of the war, protecting ships like Шаблон:RMS, until being transferred to Malta to serve with the Fifth Destroyer Flotilla as part of the Mediterranean Fleet in 1917. Hope collided with and sank the destroyer Шаблон:HMS in 1918. After the Armistice, the destroyer continued to serve in Malta under being sold in 1920.

Design and description

Шаблон:Main After the coal-burning Шаблон:Sclass, the Шаблон:Sclass saw a return to oil-firing. Pioneered by the Шаблон:Sclass2 of 1905 and Шаблон:HMS of 1907, using oil enabled a more efficient design, leading to a smaller vessel which also had increased deck space available for weaponry.Шаблон:Sfn Unlike previous designs, where the individual yards had been given discretion within the parameters set by the Admiralty, the Acorn class were a set, with the machinery the only major variation between the different ships.Шаблон:Sfn This enabled costs to be reduced.Шаблон:Sfn The class was later renamed H class.Шаблон:Sfn

Hope was Шаблон:Convert long between perpendiculars and Шаблон:Convert overall, with a beam of Шаблон:Convert and a deep draught of Шаблон:Convert. Displacement was Шаблон:Convert normal and Шаблон:Convert full load.Шаблон:Sfn Power was provided by Parsons steam turbines, fed by four Yarrow boilers constructed by the Wallsend Slipway and Engineering Company. Parsons supplied a complex of seven turbines, a high-pressure and two low pressure for high speed, two turbines for cruising and two for running astern, driving three shafts. The high-pressure turbine drove the centre shaft, the remainder being distributed to the wing-shafts.Шаблон:Sfn Three funnels were fitted, the foremost tall and thin, the central short and thick and the aft narrow.Шаблон:Sfn The engines were rated at Шаблон:Convert and design speed was Шаблон:Convert. On trial, Hope achieved Шаблон:Convert, a speed exceeded by the rest of the class.Шаблон:Sfn The vessel carried Шаблон:Convert of fuel oil which gave a range was Шаблон:Convert at a cruising speed of Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

The more efficient use of deck space enabled a larger armament to be mounted. A single [[BL 4 inch naval gun Mk VIII|BL Шаблон:Convert Mk VIII]] gun was carried on the forecastle and another aft. Two single [[QF 12 pounder 12 cwt naval gun|QF 12-pounder (Шаблон:Convert) guns]] were mounted between the first two funnels.Шаблон:Sfn Two rotating [[British 21 inch torpedo|Шаблон:Convert]] torpedo tubes were mounted aft of the funnels, with two reloads carried, and a searchlight fitted between the tubes.Шаблон:Sfn The destroyer was later modified to carry a single Vickers [[Ordnance QF 3-pounder Vickers|QF 3-pounder (Шаблон:Convert)]] anti-aircraft gun and depth charges for anti-submarine warfare.Шаблон:Sfn The ship's complement was 72 officers and ratings.Шаблон:Sfn

Construction and career

The 20 destroyers of the Acorn class were ordered by the Admiralty under the 1909–1910 Naval Programme. The only one of the class sourced from Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson, Hope was laid down at the company's Wallsend shipyard on 5 December 1909, launched on 6 September 1910,Шаблон:Sfn and commissioned at Portsmouth on 4 March 1911. The ship was the first warship built at the yard and the most recent in a line of seventeen ships in Royal Navy service to bear the name.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

Файл:Hope-1911.jpg

HMS Hope

Hope joined the Second Destroyer Flotilla. On 22 March 1913, Hope was being fuelled at Cromarty when a fire occurred, injuring five men, of which four were seriously injured. In August 1914, the Flotilla became part of the Grand Fleet and the destroyers were deployed to Devonport to undertake escort duties.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn On 30 July 1915, Hope escorted the liner Шаблон:RMS transporting troops to the Mediterranean, and SS Commodore which undertook the journey between Liverpool and Dublin every night.Шаблон:Sfn On 5 March 1916, the vessel rescued the crew of the merchant ship SS Rothesay.Шаблон:Sfn On 3 December 1916, the vessel returned from Dover to Devonport after a short detachment there.Шаблон:Sfn

On 23 January 1917, the destroyer rescued the crew of the Dutch merchant ship SS Salland, sunk twenty minutes prior by the German submarine Шаблон:SMU.Шаблон:Sfn Later that year, Hope was transferred to the Fifth Destroyer Flotilla as part of the Mediterranean Fleet under the protected cruiser Шаблон:HMS. On 20 January 1918, the destroyer was attached to the Aegean Squadron, based at Malta.Шаблон:Sfn While serving in the eastern Mediterranean, Hope collided with the destroyer Шаблон:HMS on 23 March, sinking the smaller vessel.Шаблон:Sfn

After the Armistice, the Royal Navy returned to a peacetime level of strength and both the number of ships and the amount of staff needed to be reduced to save money.Шаблон:Sfn Hope continued to serve in the Mediterranean Fleet but was paid off in 1919. The vessel was sold for breaking up at Malta in February 1920.Шаблон:Sfn

Pennant numbers

Pennant Number	Date
H48	December 1914Шаблон:Sfn
H41	January 1918Шаблон:Sfn
H68	January 1919Шаблон:Sfn

References

Bibliography

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