Английская Википедия:HMS Onslaught (1915)

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HMS Onslaught was a Шаблон:Sclass2 which served with the Royal Navy during the First World War. The M class were an improvement on the previous Шаблон:Sclass2, capable of higher speed. The vessel, launched in 1915, joined the Twelfth Destroyer Flotilla under the flotilla leader Шаблон:HMS. The ship saw action during the Battle of Jutland in May 1916, jointly sinking the German torpedo boat Шаблон:SMS and launching the torpedo that sank the pre-dreadnought battleship Шаблон:SMS, the only German battleship to be lost in the battle. Subsequently, the destroyer acted as an escort to other naval ships during the Action of 19 August 1916 and took part in anti-submarine operations. At the end of the war, Onslaught was withdrawn from service and, in 1921, sold to be broken up.

Design and development

Onslaught was one of twenty-two Шаблон:Sclass2 destroyers ordered by the British Admiralty in November 1914 as part of the Third War Construction Programme.Шаблон:Sfn The M-class was an improved version of the earlier Шаблон:Sclass2 destroyers, required to reach a higher speed in order to counter rumoured German fast destroyers. The remit was to have a maximum speed of Шаблон:Convert, and although the eventual design did not achieve this, the greater performance was appreciated by the navy. It transpired that the German ships did not exist.Шаблон:Sfn

The destroyer was Шаблон:Convert long between perpendiculars, with a beam of Шаблон:Convert and a draught of Шаблон:Convert. Displacement was Шаблон:Convert normal and Шаблон:Convert deep load. Power was provided by three Yarrow boilers feeding two Brown-Curtis steam turbines rated at Шаблон:Convert and driving two shafts, to give a design speed of Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn Three funnels were fitted and Шаблон:Convert of oil was carried, giving a design range of Шаблон:Convert at Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn

Armament consisted of three single [[QF 4-inch naval gun Mk IV, XII, XXII|QF Шаблон:Convert Mk IV ]] guns on the ship's centreline, with one on the forecastle, one aft on a raised platform and one between the middle and aft funnels. A single 2-pounder (40 mm) Mk II pom-pom anti-aircraft gun was carried, while torpedo armament consisted of two twin mounts for [[British 21 inch torpedo|Шаблон:Convert torpedoes]].Шаблон:Sfn The ship had a complement of 76 officers and ratings.Шаблон:Sfn

Construction and career

Onslaught was launched by Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company at their shipyard in Govan on the River Clyde on 4 December 1915 and completed on 3 March the following year.Шаблон:Sfn This was the first time the name had been used in the Royal Navy.Шаблон:Sfn The vessel was deployed as part of the Grand Fleet, joining the Twelfth Destroyer Flotilla under the flotilla leader Шаблон:HMS.Шаблон:Sfn On 22 April, the destroyer operated with the light cruisers of the Grand Fleet off the Skegerrak.Шаблон:Sfn

On 30 May 1916, the destroyer sailed with the Grand Fleet to confront the German High Seas Fleet in what would be the Battle of Jutland.Шаблон:Sfn The destroyer formed part of the First Division of the Flotilla, led by Faulknor and also including sister ships Шаблон:HMS, Шаблон:HMS and Шаблон:HMS.Шаблон:Sfn The destroyer was deployed in action against the German light cruisers.Шаблон:Sfn Shortly afterwards, the division saw the approaching line of the German Third Torpedo Boat Flotilla and attacked. The destroyer, along with the rest of the flotilla, sank the torpedo boat Шаблон:SMS, previously disabled by the destroyer Шаблон:HMS.Шаблон:Sfn As the battle closed, the flotilla spotted the retreating German line. The First Division was ordered to attack and use their superior speed to speed ahead of the German ships.Шаблон:Sfn The destroyer attacked the German fleet, unleashing four torpedoes, at least one of which struck the pre-dreadnought battleship Шаблон:SMS.Шаблон:Sfn The torpedoes caused the Шаблон:Convert magazines to detonate, sinking the ship with all hands. This was the only battleship sunk during the battle.Шаблон:Sfn During the attack, a German shell had struck the destroyer's bridge, killing five crew.Шаблон:Sfn

The destroyer subsequently participated in the Action of 19 August 1916 as an escort for the light cruiser Шаблон:HMS. While escorting the cruiser to rendezvous with a major part of the Grand Fleet, the vessel was attacked by the German submarine Шаблон:SMU, but the torpedo missed.Шаблон:Sfn Onslaught subsequently also escorted the dreadnought battleship Шаблон:HMS.Шаблон:Sfn In 1917, the Twelfth Destroyer Flotilla was involved in anti-submarine operations, and for nine days from 15 June the destroyer was stationed off the north of Scotland.Шаблон:Sfn[1] The operation did not lead to the destruction of any submarines and the Admiralty increasingly redeployed the destroyers of the Grand Fleet to escorting convoys.Шаблон:Sfn During 1918, Onslaught was transferred to the Third Destroyer Flotilla.[2]

After the Armistice, the Royal Navy returned to a peacetime level of strength and both the number of ships and the amount of staff needed to be reduced to save money.Шаблон:Sfn Onslaught was reduced to reserve on 17 October 1919.[3][4] However, the harsh conditions of wartime service, exacerbated by the fact that the hull was not galvanised and operations often required high speed in high seas, meant that the destroyer was worn out and ready for retirement.Шаблон:Sfn On 30 October 1921, the vessel was sold to W. & A.T. Burden and broken up.Шаблон:Sfn

Pennant numbers

Pennant Number Date
G22 September 1915Шаблон:Sfn
G40 January 1918Шаблон:Sfn
G8A June 1918Шаблон:Sfn
G32 January 1919Шаблон:Sfn

References

Citations

Шаблон:Reflist

Bibliography

Шаблон:M class destroyers

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  1. ↑ Шаблон:Citation
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Citation
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Citation
  4. ↑ Шаблон:Citation
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