Английская Википедия:HMS Owl (1913)

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:For Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Use British English

Шаблон:Infobox ship imageШаблон:Infobox ship careerШаблон:Infobox ship characteristics

HMS Owl was an Шаблон:Sclass of the Royal Navy, launched in 1913. The destroyer was part of the Grand Fleet during the First World War and took part in the Battle of Jutland. Owl survived the war and was sold for scrap in 1921.

Construction and design

Owl was one of three Шаблон:Sclasss ordered by the British Admiralty from the London & Glasgow Shipbuilding Company under the 1911–1912 shipbuilding programme, with a total of 20 Acastas (12, including Owl, to the standard Admiralty design and eight more as builder's specials).[1]

The Acastas were larger and more powerful than the Шаблон:Sclasss ordered under the previous year's programme.[1] Greater speed was wanted to match large fast destroyers building for foreign navies, while a larger radius of action was desired.[2] The destroyers built to the Admiralty standard design were Шаблон:Convert long overall and Шаблон:Convert between perpendiculars, with a beam of Шаблон:Convert and a draught of Шаблон:Convert. Displacement was Шаблон:Convert normal and Шаблон:Convert at deep load.[3][lower-alpha 1]

Four Yarrow water-tube boilers fed steam to Parsons steam turbines which drove two propeller shafts. The machinery was rated to Шаблон:Convert giving a design speed of Шаблон:Convert.[1][lower-alpha 2] Three funnels were fitted.[6] The ship had an endurance of Шаблон:Convert at Шаблон:Convert.[3]

Armament consisted of three Шаблон:Convert guns mounted on the ship's centreline, with one forward and two aft, and two Шаблон:Convert torpedo tubes. Two reload torpedoes were carried.[7] The ship had a crew of 73 officers and ratings.[1]

Owl was laid down at London & Glasgow's Glasgow shipyard on 1 April 1912, and was launched on 7 May 1913.[8] In 1913 the Admiralty decided to reclassify the Royal Navy's destroyers into alphabetical classes, with the Acasta class becoming the K class. New names were allocated to the ships of the K class, with the name Killer being reserved for Oak, but the ships were not renamed.[1][lower-alpha 3] Oak reached a speed of Шаблон:Convert during sea trials.[4] She was completed in April 1914.[8]

Service

Owl joined the Fourth Destroyer Flotilla upon commissioning and remained part of that flotilla on the outbreak of the First World War as the flotilla joined the newly created Grand Fleet.[11][12][13]

In February 1915,Owl was deployed from Scapa Flow to the Irish Sea as part of a force of two divisions of destroyers sent to hunt the German submarine Шаблон:SMU. By the time the destroyers reached the Irish Sea and began anti-submarine patrols, U-21 had already left the area.[14] OwlШаблон:'s division was soon ordered to return to Scapa, and on 13 February Owl, Шаблон:HMS, Шаблон:HMS and Шаблон:HMS were putting into Barrow harbour to refuel, when they were suddenly signalled to turn away to avoid a ship leaving the harbour. Owl, Contest and Christopher ran aground while attempting to turn in the narrow approach channel, remaining aground until the next day. Owl remained at Barrow for repair until 16 February, then sailed to Aberdeen to have her propellers replaced, rejoining the Grand Fleet on 26 February.[15]

Owl was present at the Battle of Jutland on 31 May/1 June 1916. She was detached from the 4th Flotilla to form part of the destroyer screen for the armoured cruisers of the 2nd Cruiser Squadron.[16]

On 5 June 1916 the cruiser Шаблон:HMS left Scapa Flow carrying the Secretary of State for War, Lord Kitchener who was leading a military mission to Russia. Three hours after leaving Scapa, Hampshire struck a German mine and quickly sank. Owl was part of a large force of ships (consisting of nine destroyers, two yachts and a tug) that set out from Scapa to search for survivors, but only twelve survivors were washed ashore, with 650 men, including Lord Kitchener, killed.[17][18]

In July 1916, the 4th Flotilla left the Grand Fleet, moving to the Humber, to counter German minelayers and to protect British minesweepers in the North Sea.[19][20][21] The flotilla, including Owl, moved again to Portsmouth in November that year.[22][23][24] On 16 December 1916 Owl was patrolling with Шаблон:HMS and Contest off the Lizard when they received a report of a German submarine (actually Шаблон:SMU) attacking shipping off the Cornish coast. They searched for the submarine, deploying explosive paravanes, but although one of AchatesШаблон:'s paravanes detonated during the search, UB-38 escaped unharmed.[25] On 20 December the same three destroyers were ordered to patrol off Ushant in response to U-boat sightings.[26] In January 1917 Owl, Шаблон:HMS, Шаблон:HMS and Шаблон:HMS were sent to Lisbon as a result of the presence of German submarines in the Bay of Biscay, escorting Portuguese merchant ships, continuing these operations into March.[27]

The 4th Flotilla was transferred to Devonport in spring 1917.[24] Regular convoy operations on the North Atlantic route began in July 1917,[28] with the destroyers of the 4th Flotilla being used as escorts to escort incoming convoys through the dangerous Western Approaches. As an example, on 9 August 1917, Owl and two more destroyers of the 4th Flotilla rendezvoused with Convoy HS3, inbound from Sydney, Nova Scotia, reinforcing the escort of the convoy to St Helens.[29]

At the end of the war, all pre-war destroyers were quickly withdrawn from active service, and Owl was sold for scrap on 5 November 1921.[30][31]

Pennant numbers

Pennant number[31] From To
H31 1914 January 1918
H93 January 1918 -

Notes

Шаблон:Reflist

Citations

Шаблон:Reflist

References

External links

Шаблон:Acasta class destroyer

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  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5 Шаблон:Harvnb
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 Шаблон:Harvnb
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 Шаблон:Harvnb
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 Шаблон:Harvnb
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  14. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  16. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  17. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  18. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  19. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  20. ↑ Шаблон:Cite magazine
  21. ↑ Шаблон:Cite magazine
  22. ↑ Шаблон:Cite magazine
  23. ↑ Шаблон:Cite magazine
  24. ↑ 24,0 24,1 Шаблон:Harvnb
  25. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  26. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  27. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  28. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  29. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  30. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  31. ↑ 31,0 31,1 Шаблон:Harvnb


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