Английская Википедия:HMS Skipjack (1889)

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HMS Skipjack was a Шаблон:Sclass of the British Royal Navy. She was built at Chatham Dockyard from 1888–1891. She was converted to a minesweeper in 1908–1909 and continued these duties during the First World War. Skipjack survived the war and was sold for scrap in 1920.

Design and construction

The Sharpshooter-class was designed under the leadership of William Henry White, the Director of Naval Construction, to be faster and more seaworthy than the preceding prototype torpedo gunboat, Шаблон:HMS and the three Шаблон:Sclass ships, while carrying a heavier armament.[1] As torpedo gunboats, they were intended to defend the fleet from attack by torpedo-boats, while being capable of carrying out torpedo attacks themselves.[2]

The Sharpshooters were larger than the preceding ships, with a raised forecastle to improve seakeeping.[3][4] They were Шаблон:Convert long overall and Шаблон:Convert between perpendiculars, with a beam of Шаблон:Convert and a draught of Шаблон:Convert.[5] Displacement was Шаблон:Convert.[3][lower-alpha 1] Two triple-expansion steam engines, fed by four locomotive boilers, drove two propeller shafts. The machinery was intended to produce Шаблон:Convert giving a speed of Шаблон:Convert.[9] The use of locomotive boilers was not a success, with the machinery being unreliable and unable to provide the expected power.[4][6] The machinery actually delivered Шаблон:Convert giving a speed of Шаблон:Convert when forced and Шаблон:Convert giving Шаблон:Convert under natural draft.[5]

The ship was armed with two 4.7 inch (120 mm) QF guns mounted fore and aft on the ships centreline, backed up by four 3-pounder (47 mm) guns (two in single mounts on the ship's beam and two in casemates forward). Five 14-inch torpedo tubes were fitted (one fixed in the ship's bow and two twin mounts), with three reload torpedoes carried.[3][4] The ship had a crew of 91.[3]

Skipjack was laid down at Chatham dockyard on 4 July 1888 was launched on 30 April 1889 and completed in July 1891 at a cost of £59,531.[3][8]

Service

On 26 June 1897 Skipjack was present at the Jubilee Fleet Review at Spithead,[10] In 1898 Skipjack was sent to Palmers of Jarrow for refit.[11] Skipjack had her locomotive boilers replaced by Reed water-tube boilers in early 1900, which increased power and reliability. SkipjackШаблон:'s new machinery delivered over Шаблон:Convert giving a speed of Шаблон:Convert.[12][13] Skipjack took part in the Royal Navy's annual manoeuvres in July–August 1900,[14] and again in 1901.[15] In January 1901 she was a tender to the cruiser Шаблон:HMS in Kingstown.[16]

In 1905 Skipjack was in reserve, but after refit, she returned to active service as part of the Fishery Protection Squadron in 1907. In 1909 she was converted to a minesweeper, a conversion that resulted in her torpedo tubes being removed.[17][18] On 8 October 1910 Skipjack arrested the French trawler G599, which had been caught fishing within British territorial waters in the Thames estuary. The skipper of the trawler was fined five guineas for the offence.[19] In January 1911 Skipjack completed a refit at Chatham and returned to fishery protection duties in the North Sea.[20]

First World War

On the outbreak of the First World War Skipjack joined the newly established Grand Fleet at Scapa Flow in Orkney.[21] In August 1914, the minesweepers attached to the Grand Fleet, including Skipjack were employed on carrying out daily sweeps of the Pentland Firth.[22] In early October 1914, as part of expensive Grand Fleet operations to protect a large convoy carrying Canadian troops across the Atlantic to England, Skipjack was led eight minesweeping gunboats on patrols between Orkney and Shetland.[23] On 27 October, the battleship Шаблон:HMS struck a mine off Tory Island, north-west of Lough Swilly, and despite efforts to tow her to safety, sank later that day.[24][25] As a result, Skipjack together with sister ships Шаблон:HMS and Шаблон:HMS were ordered from Scapa Flow to join Шаблон:HMS and Шаблон:HMS in clearing this minefield.[26]

On 18 November 1914 Skipjack and the gunboat Шаблон:HMS were about to start a minesweeping run in the channel between Fair Island and North Ronaldsay when SkipjackШаблон:' commanding officer sighted the conning tower of the German submarine U-22. The two gunboats set off at full speed in pursuit, but the submarine outpaced them and dived to safety after a chase of 45 minutes.[27] On the evening of 24 November 1914, the German submarine U-16 was off the east coast of Orkney when she was spotted by a group of trawlers that were minesweeping. The trawlers summoned nearby gunboats, and at 1 pm the next day, Skipjack spotted U-16, but the submarine dived to safety and escaped. While the German official history records that Skipjack fired on U-16, this is not confirmed by SkipjackШаблон:'s log or official report of the incident.[28] On 17 December 1914, Skipjack and the torpedo gunboats Шаблон:HMS and Шаблон:HMS were on passage from Lowestoft to Scapa Flow, when they were temporarily diverted to help to deal with a minefield laid off Scarborough during the Bombardment of Scarborough on 16 December.[29][30]

In early May 1917 Skipjack and three other torpedo gunboats were sent to sweep a minefield laid by the German submarine UC-68 in the approaches to the Clyde which was holding up shipping from the Clyde and Liverpool.[31] Skipjack was a member of the Second Fleet Sweeping Flotilla, based at Scapa Flow as part of the Grand Fleet, in July 1917.[32] In 1918 she was a member of the 13th Fast Minesweeper Flotilla at Oban .[16]

Disposal

Skipjack was sold for scrap to Hammond Land Foundry of Dublin on 23 February 1920.[33]

Pennant numbers

Pennant number[33] Dates
P81 1914–January 1918
PA3 January 1918 –

Notes

Шаблон:Reflist

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Bibliography

Шаблон:Sharpshooter class torpedo gunboat

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 3,3 3,4 3,5 Шаблон:Harvnb
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 4,2 Шаблон:Harvnb
  5. ↑ 5,0 5,1 5,2 Шаблон:Harvnb
  6. ↑ 6,0 6,1 Шаблон:Harvnb
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 Шаблон:Harvnb
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite magazine
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  14. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  16. ↑ 16,0 16,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  17. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  18. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  19. ↑ Шаблон:Cite magazine
  20. ↑ Шаблон:Cite magazine
  21. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  22. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  23. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  24. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  25. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  26. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  27. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  28. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  29. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  30. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  31. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  32. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb
  33. ↑ 33,0 33,1 Шаблон:Harvnb


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