Английская Википедия:HMS Tetrarch (1917)
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Шаблон:Infobox ship imageШаблон:Infobox ship careerШаблон:Infobox ship characteristicsHMS Tetrarch was an Шаблон:Sclass2 destroyer that served in the Royal Navy during the First World War. The R class were an improvement on the previous M class with geared steam turbines to improve efficiency. Launched in 1917, Tetrarch served with the Tenth Destroyer Flotilla of the Harwich Force. The destroyer took part in the First Ostend Raid in 1917 alongside the monitors Шаблон:HMS and Шаблон:HMS. In 1918, the vessel escorted five destroyers each towing an aircraft on a lighter to attack German shipping off Heligoland. After the Armistice, the ship was initially placed in reserve at Devonport but soon joined the Atlantic Fleet, with a particular role as an escort to the aircraft carriers Шаблон:HMS and Шаблон:HMS. As well as exercises with the fleet in the Mediterranean and off the coast of Scotland, the ship undertook visits of seaside resort in England and Wales. Following a decision to replace older destroyers in the Royal Navy, Tetrarch was retired in 1934 and sold to be broken up.
Design and development
Шаблон:Main Tetrarch was one of 23 Шаблон:Sclass2s ordered by the British Admiralty in March 1916 as part of the Seventh War Programme during the First World War.Шаблон:Sfn The design was generally similar to the preceding M class, but differed in having geared steam turbines, giving greater fuel efficiency, the aft gun mounted on a raised platform, a higher forecastle for better seakeeping and a larger and a more robust bridge structure.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
The destroyer had a length of Шаблон:Convert between perpendiculars and Шаблон:Convert overall, a beam of Шаблон:Convert and a draught of Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn Displacement was Шаблон:Convert normal and Шаблон:Convert deep load. Power was provided by three Yarrow boilers feeding two Brown-Curtis geared turbines rated at Шаблон:Convert and driving two shafts, to give a design speed of Шаблон:Convert. Three funnels were fitted. A total of Шаблон:Convert of fuel oil was carried, which gave a design range of Шаблон:Convert at Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn
Armament consisted of three single [[QF 4 inch naval gun Mk IV, XII, XXII|QF Шаблон:Convert Mk IV]] guns on the ship's centreline, with one on the forecastle, one aft on a raised platform and one between the second and third funnels. A single [[QF 2-pounder naval gun|2-pounder Шаблон:Convert "pom-pom"]] anti-aircraft gun was carried, while torpedo armament consisted of two twin mounts for [[British 21 inch torpedo|Шаблон:Convert]] torpedoes.Шаблон:Sfn The destroyer was later fitted with racks and storage for depth charges.Шаблон:Sfn The number of depth charges available increased in service. By 1918, the vessel was carrying between 30 and 50 depth charges.Шаблон:Sfn The ship had a complement of 82 officers and ratings.Шаблон:Sfn
Construction and career
Laid down by Harland & Wolff at their shipyard in Govan on 26 July 1916, Tetrarch was launched on 20 April the following year and completed on 2 June.Шаблон:Sfn The destroyer was the first ship in Royal Navy service to carry the name.Шаблон:Sfn On commissioning, Tetrarch was deployed with the Tenth Destroyer Flotilla of the Harwich Force.[1]
Tetrarch was allocated to anti-submarine warfare. Between 16 and 17 October, the destroyer was called upon to be part of a large force of 84 warships sent out to search for a German fleet based around a minelayer, although Tetrarch saw no action.Шаблон:Sfn The destroyer joined sister ship Шаблон:HMS in the First Ostend Raid, accompanying monitors Шаблон:HMS and Шаблон:HMS that led the attack on 23 April 1918. The action also included the sinking of blockships to impede the flow of German submarines leaving the port.Шаблон:Sfn On 24 April, the flotilla took part in the Royal Navy's engagement with one of the final sorties of the German High Seas Fleet during the First World War, although the two fleets did not actually meet and the destroyer returned unharmed.Шаблон:Sfn On 10 August, Tetrarch joined a fleet of four light cruisers and seven destroyers to escorted five destroyers each towing an aircraft on a lighter to sail for Heligoland and attack German shipping. Initially, the assignment was not a success as the aircraft failed to take off and the boats were all sunk or interned, but subsequently one of the aircraft shot down Zeppelin LZ 100.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
After the Armistice of 11 November 1918 that ended the war, the Royal Navy returned to a peacetime level of strength and both the number of ships and the amount of personnel needed to be reduced to save money.Шаблон:Sfn Tetrarch was placed in reserve at Devonport.[2] This did not last long and by January 1921 the vessel was operating as part of the local defence based at Queenstown.[3] Shortly afterwards, the destroyer joined the Atlantic Fleet. On 6 July 1926, Tetrarch joined the Fifth Destroyer Flotilla in escorting the aircraft carrier Шаблон:HMS from Plymouth to Torbay.[4] On 28 January the following year, the destroyer joined the aircraft carrier and a much larger fleet that included the battleship Шаблон:HMS on a deployment to Gibraltar.[5] The ship arrived on 10 March and then undertook exercises with the combined Atlantic and Mediterranean Fleets until 16 March.[6] Subsequently, on 2 May, the destroyer once again accompanied Furious off the coast of Portsmouth while the crew of the aircraft carrier undertook flying training.[7]
The vessel was back in Malta on 14 March the following year before, on 5 September, taking part in exercises off the coast of Scotland with the fleet, including the Third Battle Squadron and a flotilla of battlecruisers led by Шаблон:HMS.[8][9] Exercises from Malta following during the following year, the destroyer arriving with Furious and destroyer Шаблон:HMS on 20 January ahead of the rest of the fleet.[10] On 7 May the following year, the destroyer accompanied the fleet to Port de Pollença.[11] The destroyer then undertook a tour of seaside resorts, visiting Milford Haven from 9 to 23 June, St Ives between 7 and 11 July and Dover between 19 and 21 July.[12] The destroyer returned to Gibraltar with the aircraft carrier Шаблон:HMS at the end of the year, cruising until 14 March the following year when, again, the destroyer participated in fleet exercises.[13] However, the vessel's service days were numbered. On 22 April 1930, the London Naval Treaty had been signed, which limited total destroyer tonnage in the Royal Navy. The force was looking to introduce more modern destroyers and so needed to retire some of the older vessels, including Tetrarch.Шаблон:Sfn The destroyer was sold to Metal Industries at Rosyth, on 28 July 1934 to be broken up.Шаблон:Sfn
Pennant numbers
| Pennant Number | Date |
|---|---|
| F87 | September 1915Шаблон:Sfn |
| F74 | January 1918Шаблон:Sfn |
| G54 | November 1919Шаблон:Sfn |
| H59 | January 1922Шаблон:Sfn |
References
Citations
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