Английская Википедия:HMS Tribune (1918)
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Шаблон:Infobox ship imageШаблон:Infobox ship careerШаблон:Infobox ship characteristicsHMS Tribune was an Шаблон:Sclass2 destroyer that served with the Royal Navy during the Russian Civil War. Launched in 1918, the vessel entered service with the Aegean Squadron of the Mediterranean Fleet. Tribune saw no action during the First World War but was involved in supporting the evacuation of refugees from the Russian Civil War, particularly from Crimea in 1920 and 1921. The ship also visited Constantinople in 1920 and 1922 during the Turkish War of Independence. In 1923, the destroyer was transferred to the Atlantic Fleet. In 1929, the ship took part in simulated amphibious warfare with the Territorial Army. In 1930, the signing of the London Naval Treaty required the Royal Navy to retire older destroyers before acquiring new ones. Tribune was one of those chosen for retirement and, in 1931, the destroyer was sold to be broken up.
Design and development
Шаблон:Main Tribune was one of thirty-three Шаблон:Sclass2 destroyers ordered by the British Admiralty on 7 April 1917 as part of the Twelfth War Construction Programme. The design was a development of the Шаблон:Sclass2 introduced as a cheaper and faster alternative to the Шаблон:Sclass2.Шаблон:Sfn Differences with the R class were minor, such as having the searchlight moved aft.Шаблон:Sfn
Tribune had a overall length of Шаблон:Convert and a length of Шаблон:Convert between perpendiculars. Beam was Шаблон:Convert and draught Шаблон:Convert. Displacement was Шаблон:Convert normal and Шаблон:Convert deep load. Three White-Forster boilers fed steam to two sets of Brown-Curtis geared steam turbines rated at Шаблон:Convert and driving two shafts, giving a design speed of Шаблон:Convert at normal loading and Шаблон:Convert at deep load. Two funnels were fitted. The ship carried Шаблон:Convert of fuel oil, which gave a design range of Шаблон:Convert at Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn
Armament consisted of three [[QF 4 inch naval gun Mk IV, XII, XXII|QF Шаблон:Convert Mk IV]] guns on the ship's centreline.Шаблон:Sfn One was mounted raised on the forecastle, one on a platform between the funnels and one aft.Шаблон:Sfn The ship also mounted a single 2-pounder Шаблон:Convert "pom-pom" anti-aircraft gun for air defence. Four Шаблон:Convert tubes were fitted in two twin rotating mounts aft.Шаблон:Sfn The ship was designed to mount two Шаблон:Convert torpedo tubes either side of the superstructure to be controlled by the officer in charge directly, but this required the forecastle plating to be cut away. This made the vessel very wet, so they were removed.Шаблон:Sfn The weight saved enabled the heavier Mark V 21-inch torpedo to be carried.Шаблон:Sfn Four depth charge chutes were fitted aft.Шаблон:Sfn The ship had a complement of 90 officers and ratings.Шаблон:Sfn
Construction and career
Ordered on 7 April 1917, Tribune was laid down by J. Samuel White at East Cowes on the Isle of Wight with the yard number 1506 on 21 August, and launched on 28 March the following year.Шаблон:Sfn The ship was completed on 16 July.Шаблон:Sfn The vessel was the fifth to carry the name, which recalled the tribunes of ancient Rome.Шаблон:Sfn On commissioning, Tribune joined the Aegean Squadron of the Mediterranean Fleet.[1]
With the First World War closing, the destroyer saw no action before the Armistice, and remained in the Mediterranean Sea as part of the Sixth Destroyer Flotilla.[2] By this time, the increasingly belligerent Russian Civil War led the Royal Navy to send ships into the Black Sea to support the White Russian forces and manage the refugee crisis that arose from the conflict, including the evacuation of the Crimea. Tribune was sent to Karkinit Bay in the Crimea in January 1920.Шаблон:Sfn At the same time, the war between Greece and Turkey was escalating and the Turkish War of Independence had broken out.Шаблон:Sfn On 27 March, the destroyer accompanied the seaplane carrier Шаблон:HMS and the battleship Шаблон:HMS on a visit to Constantinople.[3] The Allies had taken over the running of the city, and much of the force supporting the White Russians was now diverted to this new threat.Шаблон:Sfn
On 8 December 1921, Tribune was dispatched to Mykolaiv in one of the last naval operations in the Russian conflict.Шаблон:Sfn Although there is a lack of contemporary evidence for how Tribune was involved in the actual evacuation, the operation was considered a success by contemporaries.Шаблон:Sfn On 1 December the follow year, the destroyer was again stationed in Constantinople.[4] The recent Chanak Crisis had shaken the British ruling class and, along with the Carlton Club meeting, led to the fall of the government of David Lloyd George.Шаблон:Sfn The destroyer was sent to Chanak on 2 December, but saw no action and returned to Malta the following day.[5]
January 1923 found Tribune still in the Mediterranean.[6] Soon afterwards, the destroyer returned to the UK and was decommissioned. On 21 September, Tribune was recommissioned and subsequently joined the Seventh Destroyer Flotilla of the Atlantic Fleet.[7] The ship then served for a further eight years based at Portsmouth. On 8 August 1929, Tribune took part in a war game around Telscombe, which involved simulated amphibious warfare, combining units from the Royal Navy and the London Regiment of the Territorial Army.[8] On 26 June 1930, the destroyer transported attendees to the Imperial Press Conference to see a demonstration of naval power. The destroyer launched a torpedo at the target ship Шаблон:HMS and was attacked by the submarine Шаблон:HMS. The torpedoes ran under their targets, leaving them unharmed but simulated hits.[9] On 7 October, the ship carried some of the coffins of the victims of the R101 disaster back to Britain from France.[10]
On 22 April 1930, the United Kingdom had signed the London Naval Treaty, which limited the total destroyer tonnage that the navy could operate.Шаблон:Sfn The S class was deemed out of date and ripe to be replaced with more modern ships, including the C and D-class destroyers. In July 1931, Tribune was replaced as emergency destroyer at Portsmouth, with TribuneШаблон:'s crew transferring to sister ship Шаблон:HMS.[11] On 17 December, the destroyer was sold to Cashmore of Newport, Wales, and broken up.Шаблон:Sfn
Pennant numbers
| Pennant number | Date |
|---|---|
| F9A | November 1918Шаблон:Sfn |
| F33 | January 1919Шаблон:Sfn |
| D16 | January 1922Шаблон:Sfn |
References
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Шаблон:S class destroyers (1917)
