Английская Википедия:HNoMS Gyller (1938)
Шаблон:Infobox ship imageШаблон:Infobox ship careerШаблон:Infobox service recordШаблон:Infobox ship careerШаблон:Infobox service recordШаблон:Infobox ship careerШаблон:Infobox ship characteristicsШаблон:Infobox ship characteristics
HNoMS Gyller was a Шаблон:Sclass commissioned into the Royal Norwegian Navy in 1938. Along with the other Sleipner-class vessels in commission at that time, she took part in protecting Norwegian neutrality during the Second World War. After initially serving in the far north during the Finno-Soviet Winter War, she was redeployed to Southern Norway, escorting ships through Norwegian territorial waters. When the Germans invaded Norway on 9 April 1940, she was docked at Kristiansand. After taking part in the defence of the port city, she was captured intact by the invading Germans. Renamed Löwe, she sailed with Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine for the duration of the war.
During her time in German service, she escorted the evacuation ship Шаблон:Ship when the latter was torpedoed and sunk by a Soviet submarine with heavy loss of life. Returned to Norway in 1945, she was converted to a frigate in 1948 and sold for scrap in 1959.
Construction
Gyller was built at Karljohansvern naval shipyard and had yard number 125. She was launched on 7 July 1938[1] Gyller had four torpedo tubes, instead of the two which were standard in the rest of her class.
Early Norwegian service
Neutrality protection
Gyller spent the early part of the Second World War in the far north of Norway, protecting Norway's neutrality during the Winter War between Finland and the Soviet Union. During her deployment in North Norway she patrolled Norwegian territorial waters and repeatedly had to sink Soviet naval mines that had broken their moorings and drifted into Norwegian waters. During the Winter War all three of the Sleipner-class destroyers commissioned at the time (Шаблон:HNoMS, Gyller and Шаблон:HNoMS) were deployed to different ports in Finnmark, with Gyller based in Kirkenes.[2]
One occasion when Gyller had to dispose of a mine was on 22 March 1940 when a Royal Norwegian Navy Air Service M.F.11 seaplane operating from an improvised base at Vadsø spotted a mine drifting in the Varangerfjord and directed the destroyer to the scene.[3]
When the Germans invaded Norway she formed part of the 3rd destroyer section in the Kristiansand Defence Sector of the 1st Naval District.[4]
Defending Kristiansand
When the invasion came Gyller was docked at Kristiansand and got her first warning of the war in the form of gunfire from Odderøya Fort against the attacking German landing force number four. Gyller immediately fired at attacking Luftwaffe bombers with her single Bofors 40 mm gun and two Colt 12.7 mm anti-aircraft machine guns and avoided several bombs dropped against her. After receiving an orientation on the situation from the fort commander Gyller steamed out to the harbour entrance and swung out her torpedo tubes to confront any intruder. However, at 10:00 an order not to fire at British and French forces came to the commander of Kristiansand. This order, combined with confusion of which flags were flown by the intruding warships, led to the German force being able to enter the harbour unopposed on their third attempt at 10:30. At this time Gyller was docked at Tollbodbrygga wharf in Flekkefjord to refill her water tanks for the oncoming battle and was seized without a fight. Gyller was captured together with numerous other naval vessels in the Kristiansand area, including her sister ship Шаблон:HNoMS.[5] Before entering the Kriegsmarine she was partially rebuilt and rearmed.
German service as Löwe
In Kriegsmarine service she was renamed Löwe (Шаблон:Lang-en), and together with Odin first served as a convoy escort and training ship with the 7. Torpedobootsflottille in Skagerrak and Kattegat in 1940.[6][7] She then served as a torpedo recovery vessel in Gotenhafen for the rest of the war.
Escort for Wilhelm Gustloff
Löwe was the single warship accompanying the evacuation ship Шаблон:Ship at the time the vessel was torpedoed and sunk by the Soviet submarine Шаблон:Ship on 30 January 1945. Löwe managed to rescue 472 of the military and civilian passengers, with other German vessels rescuing another c. 758. Over 9,000 people lost their lives in the sinking.[8]
Post-war Norwegian service
After the end of the Second World War Löwe/Gyller was found in Flensburg in Schleswig-Holstein in May 1945 and returned the Royal Norwegian Navy. After three more years in Norway as a destroyer Gyller was converted to a frigate in 1948. Gyller was phased out and sold for scrapping in 1959
Notes
Bibliography
Шаблон:Sleipner-class destroyer Шаблон:Norwegian destroyers
- ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокMiramarне указан текст - ↑ Johannesen 1988: 90-98
- ↑ Hafsten 2003: 133
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Berg 1997: 19
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- Английская Википедия
- Naval ships of Norway captured by Germany during World War II
- Ships built in Horten
- Sleipner-class destroyers
- World War II destroyers of Norway
- Frigates of the Royal Norwegian Navy
- 1938 ships
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