Английская Википедия:HSwMS Gävle (J9)

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HSwMS Gävle was a destroyer of the Royal Swedish Navy that served during the Second World War and in the Cold War. The fifth member of the Шаблон:Sclass or city class, which was designed as an improvement on the previous Шаблон:Sclass, Gävle was launched on 25 September 1940. The destroyer served in the Coastal Fleet during the war, protecting Swedish neutrality and assisting in the 1944 evacuation of Estonia. After the conflict had ceased, the ship was upgraded with enhanced fire control and an armament improved with the introduction of the Bofors 40 mm anti-aircraft gun between 1950 and 1951. Ten years later, in 1961, Gävle was rearmed as a fast anti-submarine frigate and the torpedo tubes were replaced by Squid mortars. After being decommissioned on 6 December 1968, the vessel helped in the testing of the equipment for the Oskarshamn Nuclear Power Plant, finally being broken up in 1972.

Design and development

Шаблон:Main The Шаблон:Sclass or city class were a development of the Шаблон:Sclass with a higher speed achieved by introducing superheating and lightening the structure through using welding rather than rivets. After the success of the first two members of the class, Шаблон:HSwMS and Шаблон:HSwMS, both laid down in 1933, and two successors, the Swedish Riksdag authorised an additional two ships of the same design at the start of the Second World War.Шаблон:Sfn Gävle was the first of this final batch to be ordered.Шаблон:Sfn

Displacing Шаблон:Convert standard and Шаблон:Convert full load, Gävle had an overall length of Шаблон:Convert and Шаблон:Convert between perpendiculars. Beam was Шаблон:Convert and maximum draught Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn Power was provided by three Penhoët oil-fired boilers feeding two de Laval geared steam turbines driving two shafts. The ship had two funnels. New materials allowed the boilers to be superheated to Шаблон:Convert, which raised the rated power to Шаблон:Convert to give a design speed of Шаблон:Convert. In trials, the destroyer exceeded Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn A total of Шаблон:Convert of fuel oil was carried to give a range of Шаблон:Convert at Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn

The main armament consisted of three Шаблон:Convert K/45 M24C dual-purpose guns produced by Bofors. These were placed in separate mounts on the ship's centreline, with one on the forecastle, one aft and one between the funnels.Шаблон:Sfn The guns were of a loose-barrel type, weighed Шаблон:Convert and fired a Шаблон:Convert projectile at Шаблон:Convert}.Шаблон:Sfn Air defence consisted six Шаблон:Convert M/40 autocannons in three twin mounts, also provided by Bofors.Two triple rotating torpedo tube mounts for Шаблон:Convert torpedoes were aft of the superstructure and two depth charge throwers were carried further towards the stern. Approximately forty mines could also be carried for minelaying.Шаблон:Sfn The ship had a complement of 135 officers and ratings.Шаблон:Sfn

Construction and career

Gävle was laid down by Götaverken in Gothenburg, launched on 25 September 1940 and commissioned on 3 June the following year.Шаблон:Sfn The ship was named for the city and allocated the pennant number J9.Шаблон:Sfn On 29 June, the destroyer joined the Coastal Fleet, serving on patrols to protect Swedish neutrality and as an escort for convoys travelling through Swedish waters.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn During 1944, the destroyer was involved in the evacuation of Estonia before the advancing Soviet Army. Gävle rescued 196 refugees during September and October.Шаблон:Sfn

Between 1950 and 1951, the destroyer was given a substantial modernisation. The hull was rebuilt with a beam extended by Шаблон:Convert and displacement increased to Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn The bridge was enlarged and better fire control was fitted, along with a tripod with radar to replace the pole mast.Шаблон:Sfn The armament was updated. The central gun was moved aft to a superfiring position, which greatly enhanced the operational capability as the funnels had restricted fire. The anti-aircraft guns were replaced with four single [[Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/70|Bofors Шаблон:Convert]] guns.Шаблон:Sfn

Gävle was rerated a fast frigate on 1 January 1961 along with the rest of the class and the torpedo tubes were replaced by two Squid anti-submarine mortars.Шаблон:Sfn The destroyer reentered service in the anti-submarine role with the pennant number F80.Шаблон:Sfn During the 1960s, the Swedish Navy decided to retire the larger destroyers and frigates in the fleet as newer missile-equipped fast attack craft became the mainstay of the surface fleet.Шаблон:Sfn Gävle was consequently decommissioned on 6 December 1968.Шаблон:Sfn The ship was subsequently sold to ASEA and used to provide steam power for the testing phase of the Oskarshamn Nuclear Power Plant, connected to the turbines in the plant and powered them to up 17% overspeed.Шаблон:Sfn The frigate was finally broken up in 1972.Шаблон:Sfn

References

Citations

Шаблон:Reflist

Bibliography

Шаблон:Göteborg class destroyer Шаблон:Authority control

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