Английская Википедия:HSwMS Oden

Содержание

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Шаблон:Infobox ship imageШаблон:Infobox ship careerШаблон:Infobox ship characteristics

HSwMS Oden was the lead ship of the Шаблон:Sclass of first class coastal defence ships (Pansarskeppen) constructed for the Swedish Navy. The battleship was armed with two Шаблон:Convert guns provided by the French manufacturer Société Nouvelle des Forges et Chantiers de la Méditerranée. The vessel was launched in 1896 and was first upgraded in 1901 after running aground with additional Шаблон:Convert guns. In 1913, the warship accidentally sank the gunboat Шаблон:HSwMS and was taken out of service the following year to be updated with new boilers and an upgraded armament. Most noticeably, during this rebuild, one funnel was fitted to replace the two that had been a feature of the ship from the start. Oden was retired from front-line service in 1937 and broken up in 1943.

Design and development

Coastal defence ship Oden

Plan of Oden from Nordisk familjebok

Oden was the lead of the Шаблон:Sclasss, a development of the earlier Шаблон:Sclass mounting the same primary armament on a larger hull. Although the subsequent Шаблон:HSwMS and Шаблон:HSwMS differed in details, the three vessels are considered members of the same class.Шаблон:Sfn As all the vessels were named after Æsir, the ships are also knowns as the mythological class.Шаблон:Sfn

Oden had an overall length of Шаблон:Convert and measured Шаблон:Convert at the waterline, a beam of Шаблон:Convert and a maximum draught of Шаблон:Convert. Displacement was Шаблон:Convert normal and Шаблон:Convert full load. Power was provided by six cylinder boilers feeding steam to two sets of triple-expansion steam engines and rated at Шаблон:Convert driving two shafts, giving a design speed of Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn During sea trials, on 25 May 1897, Oden achieved a speed of Шаблон:Convert from Шаблон:Convert and, on 25 September, while operating with a forced draft, the vessel achieved Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn Two funnels were fitted. The ship had a complement of 239 officers and ratings.Шаблон:Sfn A full load of Шаблон:Convert of coal was carried, which gave a design range of Шаблон:Convert at Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn After reconstruction, coal capacity was expanded to Шаблон:Convert, which gave a design range of Шаблон:Convert at Шаблон:Convert and the complement increased to 254 officers and ratings.Шаблон:Sfn

Armament consisted of two single Canet Шаблон:Convert M1894 B guns mounted in turrets on the ship's centreline, one fore and the other aft. Each of the guns weighed Шаблон:Convert. The guns had an actual calibre of Шаблон:Convert and were manufactured by Société Nouvelle des Forges et Chantiers de la Méditerranée in France as the capacity did not exist in Sweden to manufacture weapons of this size.Шаблон:Sfn They could fire a Шаблон:Convert shell at a muzzle velocity of Шаблон:Convert. The mounting, designated M1894, used electric training and manual elevation.Шаблон:Sfn Secondary armament consisted of four Bofors Шаблон:Convert guns mounted singularly in casemates amidships that could fire from 3 to 8 shots a minute at a muzzle velocity of Шаблон:Convert. The ship was also armed with four single Bofors Шаблон:Convert guns in casemates and two Шаблон:Convert were mounted on the fighting mast. A single Шаблон:Convert machine gun was carried by each of the two steam sloops carried. A single submerged Шаблон:Convert torpedo tube was mounted in the bow. Four Шаблон:Convert searchlights were carried.Шаблон:Sfn

Armour included an armoured belt that was Шаблон:Convert thick and Шаблон:Convert high. The main armament was protected by barbettes that were Шаблон:Convert thick and turrets Шаблон:Convert thick with a roof Шаблон:Convert thick. The secondary armament sat on barbettes protected by Шаблон:Convert armour, the turrets having a face Шаблон:Convert thick, sides Шаблон:Convert thick and a roof Шаблон:Convert thick. The armour on the casemates was Шаблон:Convert thick. The conning tower was protected by Шаблон:Convert armour and the deck armour that was Шаблон:Convert thick. Шаблон:Convert thick armour also protected the rooms housing the steering gear and torpedoes. The thickest armour was provided by Schneider-Creusot while the remainder came from Bofors.Шаблон:Sfn The nickel-steel was produced by Domnarvet.Шаблон:Sfn

Construction and career

Oden was ordered from the Bergsund Finnboda shipyard in Stockholm and named on 6 October 1894 and laid down in the same year. The design was altered on 11 October 1895 when the stern fighting mast was replaced by a wooden beam with a signalling mast.,Launched on 9 March 1896, the ship was exhibited at the General Exhibition of Art and Industry in Stockholm the following year before being commissioned on 8 June 1897. The total cost of the construction was SEK 3,194,000.Шаблон:Sfn On 11 August 1898, the vessel led a division that also included the coastal defence ships Шаблон:HSwMS and Шаблон:HSwMS to Copenhagen. While there, the flotilla hosted Christian IX, Crown Prince Frederick, Prince George of Greece and other royalty, returning to Karlskrona on 19 August.

During September 1901, the ship ran aground and was damaged, returning for repairs. On 6 December, funds were released to also upgrade the vessel's armament, with an additional pair of Шаблон:Convert guns replaced the two of the casemate-based Шаблон:Convert guns and an additional four single Шаблон:Convert guns were placed on the superstructure. The following year, the warship represented Sweden at the coronation revue for Edward VII at Spithead.Шаблон:Sfn Between 6 July and 30 September 1903, the ship sailed to Larvik. On 20 February 1904, Oden was briefly activated in response to activity from the Imperial Russian Navy in response to the Russo-Japanese War but saw no action. Between 19 and 24 August 1906, the vessel joined sister ship Niord and other ships of the Swedish Navy to host the British Cruiser Squadron under Admiral Day Bosanquet at Gothenburg. On 22 August 1913, Oden struck the gunboat Шаблон:HSwMS while operating near Hven on manoeuvres. Urd had been acting as a target ship for the battleship to test torpedoes near to the lighthouse on Ven, but the limited range of the weapons and primitive rangefinders on the ship had meant that the vessels had underestimated the distance between them. The gunboat sank, but no-one died.Шаблон:Sfn

Coastal defence ship Oden

Oden after reconstruction

The battleship was taken out of the service and rebuilt in Karlskrona between 1914 and 1915.Шаблон:Sfn The fighting mast was replaced by a much smaller three-legged mast and the two funnels were replaced by one. The remaining casemate-mounted Шаблон:Convert guns were removed and those mounted on the superstructure upgraded. The machine guns and torpedo tubes were removed and new boilers installed, which improved performance. Oden resumed service, and briefly provided support to Sweden's neutrality in the First World War.Шаблон:Sfn After the Armistice of 11 November 1918, the ship was placed in reserve.Шаблон:Sfn Attempts the sell the vessel for scrap failed.Шаблон:Sfn In the 1920s, the Navy had plans to rebuild the battleship as a seaplane carrier but instead the newer Шаблон:HMS was converted. On 16 July 1937, Oden was withdrawn from service and transferred to the Lagef, or storage area, in Karlskrona. In 1941, it was decided that the ship was no longer required.Шаблон:Sfn Oden was retired and broken up two years later.Шаблон:Sfn

Bibliography

• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite journal
• Шаблон:Cite journal
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book