Английская Википедия:HSwMS Sverige
Шаблон:Infobox ship imageШаблон:Infobox ship careerШаблон:Infobox ship characteristics
HSwMS Sverige was a Шаблон:Sclass (Pansarskepp) commissioned by Sweden during the last year of the First World War. The ship cost approximately 12 million kronor, a sum raised entirely by public donations. The fundraising was done because of the Karl Staaff government's reluctance to spend money on a new battleship. In addition to its impressive cost, the ship also had a significant impact on the Swedish Navy and its capabilities.
Background and description
Sweden was not immune from the naval arms race in the early 20th century. After dissolving the union with Norway in 1905, the situation was tense with the Russian Empire in the east, Germany south of the Baltic Sea, and Norway, traditionally being an Anglophile country, to the west. In 1911, battle-ready units from the Royal Navy and the Imperial German Navy cruised around in the North Sea. Due to the perilous atmosphere brought about by these tensions, and as the latest Swedish coastal battleship Шаблон:HSwMS was a typical pre-dreadnought ship (with two 8-inch (203 mm) guns and a maximum speed of Шаблон:Convert), the need for a new class of ships was pressing. Seaworthiness, armament, armour and speed, all had to be improved according to the multiple new technologies that had arrived with the naval arms race that followed the launch of the British Шаблон:HMS. In 1911, the parliament voted (with a small majority) funds for the building of the new vessel, varying in size from Шаблон:Convert and with armaments and speed in various arrangements accordingly). The postponement of funding for HSwMS Sverige by Prime Minister Karl Staaff had a significant impact on the "Pansarbåtinsamlingen" fundraising campaign. The campaign, which had aimed to raise 12 million Kronor for the ship, was put on hold as a result of the political uncertainty. Despite initial political uncertainty, the fundraising campaign for Sverige was successful, thanks to the support of King Gustav V. The campaign raised 15 million Kronor in just over three months, an impressive achievement. The new government accepted the money and let the contract for the ship, which was named Sverige for the people who had paid for it.[1]
After the outbreak of World War I, two more ships were ordered which had a slightly changed appearance, the two bearing the names of the King and Queen of Sweden.
Note that while the ship is listed as a battleship in Jane's Fighting Ships, 1938 edition, technically it is a coastal defence ship, a class which was commonly used in Nordic countries. The navies of Finland, Norway, and Denmark made use of similar ships. However, the Swedish Navy used the Sverige-class armored warships as the core of battle groups in the same manner as other navies used battleships.
Svierge had an overall length of Шаблон:Convert, a beam of Шаблон:Convert and a maximum draught of Шаблон:Convert.[2] The ship displaced Шаблон:Convert at standard load and Шаблон:Convert at deep load.[3] A dozen Yarrow boilers provided steam at a pressure of Шаблон:Convert to four Curtis direct-drive geared steam turbines that each drove a single propeller shaft. Fuel oil could be sprayed onto the coal in the boilers to maximize steam pressure. The engines were rated at a total of Шаблон:Convert that was designed to give her a speed of Шаблон:Convert.[4] Svierge carried up to Шаблон:Convert of coal and Шаблон:Convert of fuel oil that gave her a range of Шаблон:Convert at a speed of Шаблон:Convert.[5] The ship had a complement of 443 officers and ratings when serving as a flagship.[3]
Armament, fire control and protection
The ship's main battery consisted of four Bofors [[Bofors 283 mm M/12 naval gun|Шаблон:Convert m/12 guns]]. These were mounted in two twin-gun turrets, one each forward and aft of the superstructure. Her secondary armament consisted of eight [[Bofors 15.2 cm M/12 naval gun|Шаблон:Convert m/12 guns]]. One pair was positioned in a twin-gun turret superfiring over the forward 283 mm gun turret; the other were arranged in single-gun turrets, three on each broadside amidships. Defence against torpedo boats was provided by four [[Bofors 75 mm m/12 gun|Шаблон:Convert m/12 guns]] in single mounts in the superstructure. The ship was fitted with two single mounts for Bofors 75 mm m/15 anti-aircraft (AA) guns. She was also equipped with a pair of submerged Шаблон:Convert torpedo tubes, one on each broadside. Targeting data for the guns was collected by Шаблон:Convert rangefinders in the conning tower and in the main-gun turrets. The ranges were sent to a pair of range clocks that calculated the elevation and traverse positions for the guns.[6]
Captains
- 1917–1918: Fredrik Riben
- 1926–1927: Gunnar Bjurner
- 1940–1940: Alarik Wachtmeister
- 1940–1941: Erik Anderberg
- 1945–1946: Henning Hammargren
Notes
Bibliography
Шаблон:Sverige class battleship Шаблон:Authority control
