Английская Википедия:Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
Шаблон:Distinguish Шаблон:Infobox settlement Шаблон:Infobox Chinese
Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, formerly known as Tsolho Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture[1] (Шаблон:Zh; Шаблон:Bo), is an autonomous prefecture of Northeastern Qinghai Province in Western China. The prefecture has an area of Шаблон:Convert and its seat is located in Gonghe County. Its name literally means "south of (Qinghai) Lake."[2]
History
The land of Hainan prefecture was originally inhabited by the Qiang and Rong people. During the Western Han it was incorporated in the Chinese dynasties. In 60 BC, Guide County was established, then called Guan County. It was governed under Jincheng (present day Lanzhou).[2]
Demographics
In 2019, the prefecture had 478,000 inhabitants, with 331,995 belonging to ethnic minorities. The following is a list of ethnic groups in the prefecture, as of 2019.[3]
| Ethnicity | Population | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Tibetan | 326,600 | 68.3% |
| Han | 129,000 | 21.5% |
| Hui | 37,100 | 7.8% |
| Tu | 5,700 | 1.2% |
| Mongol | 3,700 | 0.8% |
| Salar | 1,300 | 0.3% |
Administrative divisions
Hainan Prefecture was established in 1953.[4] The prefecture is subdivided into 5 county-level divisions (5 counties):
| Map | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Tibetan | Wylie Tibetan Pinyin |
Population Шаблон:Small |
Area (km2) | Density (/km2) | |
| Gonghe County | Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Transl | Шаблон:Bo-textonly | Шаблон:Transl Шаблон:Transl |
122,966 | 16,050 | 7.66 | |
| Tongde County | Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Transl | Шаблон:Bo-textonly | Шаблон:Transl Шаблон:Transl |
64,369 | 6,494 | 9.91 | |
| Guide County | Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Transl | Шаблон:Bo-textonly | Шаблон:Transl Шаблон:Transl |
101,771 | 3,600 | 28.26 | |
| Xinghai County | Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Transl | Шаблон:Bo-textonly | Шаблон:Transl Шаблон:Transl |
76,025 | 13,158 | 5.77 | |
| Guinan County | Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Transl | Шаблон:Bo-textonly | Шаблон:Transl Шаблон:Transl |
76,560 | 6,593 | 11.61 | |
Geography
Hainan is rather mountainous, with the Gonghe basin in the middle of the area. The elevation ranges from 5305 m to 2168 m, averaging 3000 m. The largest lake is Qinghai Lake, and the prefecture is traversed by the Yellow River.
Most of the land, 78.67%, is natural grassland used for grazing. 2.19% is cultivated for agriculture, 4.14% is forest, 6.69% is covered by water and rivers, 0.53% by residential area and industry and the remaining 7.7% consists of barren areas such as glaciers, swamps and desert.[2]
Economy
Hainan's economy is specialized in animal husbandry, hydropower and tourism.[2]
See also
References
Further reading
- A. Gruschke: The Cultural Monuments of Tibet’s Outer Provinces: Amdo - Volume 1. The Qinghai Part of Amdo, White Lotus Press, Bangkok 2001. Шаблон:ISBN
- Tsering Shakya: The Dragon in the Land of Snows. A History of Modern Tibet Since 1947, London 1999, Шаблон:ISBN
External links
Шаблон:Qinghai Шаблон:Prefectural-level divisions of the People's Republic of China Шаблон:Tibetan autonomy in the People's Republic of China Шаблон:Authority control
