Английская Википедия:Hakima Khatun
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox religious biography
Шаблон:Shia Islam Ḥakīma bint Muḥammad al-Jawād (Шаблон:Lang-ar), also known as Ḥakīma Khātūn (Шаблон:Lit), was the daughter of Muhammad al-Jawad (Шаблон:Died in), sister of Ali al-Hadi (Шаблон:Died in),Шаблон:Sfn and paternal aunt of Hasan al-Askari (Шаблон:Died in), who were the ninth, tenth, and eleventh Imams in Twelver Shia Islam, respectively. Her mother was Samana, a freed slave (Шаблон:Transl) of Moroccan origin.Шаблон:Sfn A revered figure in Twelver Shia, she is buried in the al-Askari shrine in Samarra, located in modern-day Iraq, which has been targeted by Sunni militants as recently as 2007.
Contribution to Twelver Shia
Hakima is a revered figure in Twelver Shia and appears frequently in the Twelver biographies of her contemporary Imams, where she is involved in their upbringing and protection, while also serving as their representative.Шаблон:Sfn Per Twelver reports, she was held in high regard by the tenth and eleventh Imams, and was entrusted by them with esoteric religious knowledge. In Шаблон:Transl, a major collection of Shia traditions, the Twelver theologian Majlesi (Шаблон:Died in) describes her as "the one who possessed the secret knowledge of the Imams and was among the agents and Шаблон:Transl." Here, Шаблон:Transl (Шаблон:Lit) refers to the intermediaries between Muhammad al-Mahdi and his followers.Шаблон:Sfn As their twelfth and last Imam, it is believed in Twelver Shia that Muhammad al-Mahdi has been miraculously concealed from the public since 874 and would return as the eschatological Mahdi at the end of time.Шаблон:Sfn
Hakima also plays a prominent role in the Twelver accounts of al-Mahdi's birth,Шаблон:Sfn which is said to have been hidden from the public out of the fear of persecution by the Abbasid caliphs,Шаблон:Sfn as they sought to eliminate an expected child of Hasan al-Askari, whom persistent rumors described as a savior.Шаблон:Sfn In Twelver sources, she is the main narrator of the nativity of al-Mahdi, considered authentic.Шаблон:Sfn This account is reported with small differences by various Twelver scholars,Шаблон:Sfn including Tabarsi (Шаблон:Died in) in Шаблон:Transl and Ibn Babawayh (Шаблон:Died in) in Шаблон:Transl.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn The mother of al-Mahdi is introduced as Narjis, a slave born and raised in the house of Hakima, according to the biographical Шаблон:Transl by the prominent Twelver theologian al-Mufid (Шаблон:Died in).Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
Shrine
The al-Askari shrine in Samarra, located in modern-day Iraq, is attributed to Hakima, who is buried there alongside her brother al-Hadi, her nephew al-Askari, and Narjis.Шаблон:Sfn The shrine has been developed over time by various Shia and Sunni patrons. More recently, the complex was rebuilt in 1868-9 at the request of Naser al-Din Shah Qajar (Шаблон:Reign), ruler of Persia and a Twelver, and the golden dome was added in 1905.Шаблон:Sfn As an important destination for Shia pilgrimage, the shrine was bombed in February 2006 and badly damaged.Шаблон:Sfn Another attack on 13 June 2007 destroyed the two minarets of the shrine.[1][2] Iraqi authorities hold the Sunni extremist group al-Qaeda responsible for both attacks.[3][4] Шаблон:Gallery
See also
Footnotes
References
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