Английская Википедия:Haloxylon

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Automatic taxobox

Haloxylon is a genus of shrubs or small trees, belonging to the plant family Amaranthaceae. Haloxylon and its species are known by the common name saxaul. "Saksaul" is a common Turkic word[1] that entered Russian through Kazakh.

Description

The species of genus Haloxylon are shrubs or small trees Шаблон:Convert (rarely up to Шаблон:Convert) tall, with a thick trunk and many branches. The branches of the current year are green, from erect to pendant. The leaves are reduced to small scales. The inflorescences are short shoots borne on the stems of the previous year. The flowers are very small, as long or shorter than the bracteoles, bisexual or male. The two stigmas are very short. In fruit, the perianth segments develop spreading wings. The fruit with wings is about Шаблон:Convert in diameter. The seed is about Шаблон:Convert in diameter.[2]

Distribution and habitat

The genus Haloxylon is distributed in southwest and Central Asia, from Egypt to Mongolia and China (Xinjiang and Gansu), where it grows in sandy habitats (psammophyte).[2]

Taxonomy

The genus name Haloxylon was published by Alexander Bunge (ex Eduard Fenzl) in 1851, with the type species Haloxylon ammodendron; it belongs to the subfamily Salsoloideae in the family Amaranthaceae and Plants of the World Online includes:[3]

  1. Haloxylon ammodendron Шаблон:Au – black saxaul
  2. Haloxylon gracile Шаблон:Au
  3. Haloxylon griffithii Шаблон:Au
  4. Haloxylon multiflorum Шаблон:Au
  5. Haloxylon negevensis Шаблон:Au
  6. Haloxylon persicum Шаблон:Au – white saxaul
  7. Haloxylon salicornicum Шаблон:Au
  8. Haloxylon schmittianum Шаблон:Au
  9. Haloxylon scoparium Шаблон:Au
  10. Haloxylon tamariscifolium Шаблон:Au
  11. Haloxylon thomsonii Шаблон:Au

Phylogenetic research revealed that several species formerly included in Haloxylon are not related to this genus. They are now classified to genus Hammada; the former Haloxylon stocksii (syn. Haloxylon recurvum) has been moved to Soda stocksii.

The common name saxaul, sometimes sacsaoul or saksaul, comes from the Russian саксаул (saksaul), which is from Kazakh сексеуiл (seksewil).

Ecology

In the deserts of Central Asia, a large number of birds are associated with saxaul, including the saxaul sparrow.[4]

Uses

In the former bed of the Aral Sea, saxaul trees are being planted to stop the wind picking up contaminated sand from the dried up sea bed and spreading them through the atmosphere. The plan is to cover the entire former bed with a forest.[5]

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Commons category

Шаблон:Taxonbar Шаблон:Authority control