Английская Википедия:Hanifi Rohingya script

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The Hanifi Rohingya script is a unified script for the Rohingya language. Rohingya today is written in three scripts, Hanafi, Arabic (Rohingya Fonna), and Latin (Rohingyalish). The Rohingya language was first written in the 19th century with a version of the Perso-Arabic script. In 1975, an orthographic Arabic script was developed and approved by the community leaders, based on the Urdu alphabet but with unique innovations to make the script suitable to Rohingya.

In the 1980s, Mohammad Hanif and his colleagues created a suitable phonetic script based on the Arabic alphabet; it has been compared to the N’ko script.

This script, unlike the Arabic script, is alphabetical, meaning that all vowels are independent letters, as opposed to diacritics as is the case in Arabic. However, vowels cannot stand on their own and always need to be connected to a consonant similar to diacritics. Therefore, diphthongs cannot be written as vowel-vowel combination even though typographically this is possible. Tone markers are shown as diacritics in Hanifi script. It is written from right to left, following the direction of the Arabic script.

Characters

The script has 32 consonant letters. Four of the consonant letters are unique to Rohingya and represent consonants that undergo fusion with a preceding consonant.

Letters

𐴆	𐴅	𐴄	𐴃	𐴁	𐴀
𐴋	𐴊	𐴉	𐴂	𐴈	𐴇
𐴑	𐴐	𐴏	𐴎	𐴍	𐴌
𐴘	𐴖	𐴕	𐴔	𐴓	𐴒
	◌𐴧	𐴜	𐴛	𐴚

The script has 6 vowels and 2 semi-vowels.

Vowels

𐴢

𐴡

𐴠

𐴟

𐴞

𐴝

Semi-vowels

𐴗

𐴙

The script has three tone markers that are shown as diacritics above or below the vowel letters. The tone markers indicate high, low or falling tones.

Tone marks

◌𐴦

◌𐴥

◌𐴤

Letters and their pronunciations and their equivalents

Consonants

Character	Burmese	Name	Final	Medial	Latin Script	Arabic Script	Pronunciation	Unicode
𐴀	အ	A	𐴀	ـ𐴀ـ	-	ا, ع	Шаблон:IPAslink, Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D00
𐴁	ဗ	BA	𐴁𐴢	ـ𐴁ـ	b	ب	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D01
𐴃	တ	TA	𐴃𐴢	ـ𐴃ـ	t	ت, ط	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D03
𐴄	ထ	TTA	𐴄𐴢	ـ𐴄ـ	th	ٹ	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D04
𐴅	ဇ	JA	𐴅	ـ𐴅ـ	j	ج	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D05
𐴆	ဆ	CA	𐴆	ـ𐴆ـ	ch	چ	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D06
𐴇	ဟ	HA	𐴇𐴢	ـ𐴇ـ	h, h'	ح, ه	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D07
𐴈	ခ	KHA	𐴈𐴢	ـ𐴈ـ	h, kh	خ	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D08
𐴉	ဖဟ	FA	𐴉𐴢	ـ𐴉ـ	f‌	‌ ف	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D09
𐴂	ပ	PA	𐴂𐴢	ـ𐴂ـ	p	پ	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D02
𐴊	ဒ	DA	𐴊𐴢	ـ𐴊ـ	d	‌د, ض	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D0A
𐴋	ဓ	DDA	𐴋	ـ𐴋ـ	dh	ڈ	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D0B
𐴌	ရ	RA	𐴌	ـ𐴌ـ	r	ر	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D0C
𐴍		RRA	𐴍	ـ𐴍ـ	ç	ڑ	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D0D
𐴎	ဇ	ZA	𐴎	ـ𐴎ـ	z	‌ ز, ذ, ظ	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D0E
𐴏	သ	SA	𐴏𐴢	ـ𐴏ـ	s	س, ص	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D0F
𐴐	စ	SHA	𐴐𐴢	ـ𐴐ـ	c	‌ش	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D10
𐴑	ခ	KA	𐴑	ـ𐴑ـ	k	‌ ك, ق	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D11
𐴒	ဂ	GA	𐴒𐴢	ـ𐴒ـ	g	‌ گ	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D12
𐴓	လ	LA	𐴓𐴢	ـ𐴓ـ	l	‌ ل	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D13
𐴔	မ	MA	𐴔	ـ𐴔ـ	m	م	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D14
𐴕	န	NA	𐴕	ـ𐴕ـ	n	ن	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D15
𐴖	ဝ	WA	𐴖𐴢	ـ𐴖ـ	v	‌ و	Шаблон:IPAslink, Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D16
𐴗	ဥ	KINNA WA	𐴗𐴢	ـ𐴗ـ	u	‌ و	Шаблон:IPAslink (for cluster or diphthong)	U+10D17
𐴘	ယ	YA	𐴘	ـ𐴘ـ	y	‌ ي	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D18
𐴙	ဣ	KINNA YA	𐴙𐴢	ـ𐴙ـ	i	‌ ي	Шаблон:IPAslink (for cluster or diphthong)	U+10D19
𐴚	င	NGA = gan	𐴚	ـ𐴚ـ	ng	ڠ	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D1A
𐴛	ည	NYA = nayya	𐴛	ـ𐴛ـ	ny	ني	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D1B
𐴜	ဝ	VA	𐴜𐴢	ـ𐴜ـ	v	ڤ	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D1C
𐴧		Tassi			double consonant	ّ		U+10D27

Vowels and tone markers

Character	Name	Latin Script	Arabic Script	Pronunciation	Unicode	Character	Name	Latin Script	Arabic Script	Type	IPA	Unicode
𐴝	aa-for	a	◌َ	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D1D	𐴢	Sakin (Ttura/Les)	none	◌ۡ	Vowel silencer	none	U+10D22
𐴞	i-for	i	‌ ◌ِ	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D1E	𐴣	Na-Khonna	ñ (full letter)	ں, ◌ً, ◌ࣧ, ◌ٍ, ◌ࣩ, ◌ٌ, ◌ࣨ	Nasalization mark	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D23
𐴟	u-for	u	‌ ◌ُ	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D1F	◌𐴤	Harbai	á (acute accent)	‌ ◌࣪ / ◌࣭‎	Short high tone	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D24
𐴠	e-for	e	◌ࣦ	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D20	◌𐴥	Tela	áa (double, acute at first)	◌࣫ / ◌࣮‎	Long falling tone	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D25
𐴡	o-for	o	◌ࣤ, ◌ࣥ	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D21	◌𐴦	Tana	aá (double, acute at second)	◌࣬ / ◌࣯‎	Long rising tone	Шаблон:IPAslink	U+10D26

Numbers

Mohammad Hanif and his colleagues also created a set of numerals for the Rohingya language, The numbers are based on the Hindu–Arabic numerals but with some modifications.

Name	sifír	ek	dui	tin	sair	fañs	só	háñt	añctho	no
	𐴏𐴞𐴉𐴞𐴥𐴌	𐴀𐴠𐴑	𐴊𐴟𐴘	𐴃𐴞𐴕	𐴏𐴝𐴙𐴌	𐴉𐴝𐴣𐴏𐴢	𐴏𐴡𐴥	𐴇𐴝𐴥𐴣𐴃𐴢	𐴀𐴝𐴣𐴐𐴄𐴡	𐴕𐴡
	سِفِ࣭رۡ	اࣦكۡ	دُيۡ	تِنۡ	سَيۡرۡ	فَنسۡ	سࣤ࣪	حَ࣪نتۡ	اَنشۡٹࣤ	نࣤ
Digit	𐴰	𐴱	𐴲	𐴳	𐴴	𐴵	𐴶	𐴷	𐴸	𐴹
Unicode	U+10D30	U+10D31	U+10D32	U+10D33	U+10D34	U+10D35	U+10D36	U+10D37	U+10D38	U+10D39

Unicode

The Hanifi Rohingya script was added to the Unicode Standard in June 2018 with the release of version 11.0. Proposals to include it in Unicode were written by linguist Anshuman Pandey.

The Unicode block for Hanifi Rohingya is U+10D00–U+10D3F and contains 50 characters:

Fonts

Google's Noto Sans has developed a Rohingya script font called Noto Sans Hanifi Rohingya, available at GitHub.

Rohingya keyboard

Файл:Rohingya-Keyboard-online.jpg

Layout of the Rohingya virtual keyboard.

A virtual keyboard was developed by Google for the Rohingya language in 2019 and allows users to type in the Rohingya script. Ahkter Husin, a Rohingya software developer developed a keyboard for Android phones which is available on Google Play Store. Users can download here. Ahkter Husin and Kyaw Zay Ya Lin Tun developed a keyboard app for iOS which can be found here. The Rohingya Unicode keyboard layout can be found here.

Sample text

The following is a sample text in Rohingya of Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights with English, contrasted with versions of the text in Bengali and Assamese.

Rohingya in Hanifi Script	.Шаблон:Lang
Rohingya in Rohingya Arabic Script	Шаблон:Script/Arabic
English original:	"All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood."

External links

• Tri-orthographic dictionary application Google Playstore