Английская Википедия:Hans-Joachim Birkner

Hans-Joachim Birkner (22 October 1921 – 14 December 1944) was a German Luftwaffe military aviator during World War II, a fighter ace credited with 117 aerial victories—that is, 117 aerial combat encounters resulting in the destruction of the enemy aircraft—claimed in 284 combat missions, becoming an "ace-in-a-day" on three separate occasions.

Born in Schönwalde, Birkner was trained as a fighter pilot and posted to Jagdgeschwader 52 (JG 52–52nd Fighter Wing) in 1943. Fighting on the Eastern Front, he claimed his first aerial victory on 1 October 1943. Following his 98th aerial victory, Birkner was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 27 July 1944. On 1 October, he was appointed Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 9. Staffel (9th squadron) of JG 52. Two weeks later, he claimed his 100th aerial victory. Birkner was killed in a flight accident on 14 December at an airfield at Kraków.

Early life and career

Birkner was born on 22 October 1921 at Schönwalde in East Prussia, at the time part of the Weimar Republic's Free State of Prussia. In the summer of 1943, Feldwebel Birkner had completed flight training and was posted to 9. Staffel (9th squadron) of Jagdgeschwader 52 (JG 52–52nd Fighter Wing), a squadron of III. Gruppe (3rd group).Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Refn^{[Note 1]} At the time, III. Gruppe was officially commanded by Major Günther Rall, occasionally replaced by either Oberleutnant Walter Krupinski on Oberleutnant Josef Haiböck.Шаблон:Sfn

World War II

On Friday 1 September 1939 German forces had invaded Poland which marked the beginning of World War II, and in June 1941, Germany had invaded the Soviet Union which created the Eastern Front. In late September 1943, III. Gruppe of JG 52 was equipped with the Messerschmitt Bf 109 G and fought in the Battle of the Caucasus and was based at Zaporizhia.Шаблон:Sfn In October, III. Gruppe flew combat missions over the right flank of the 1st Panzer Army and the left flank of 6th Army during the Battle of the Dnieper.Шаблон:Sfn

Eastern Front

Файл:9-JG52-ins.svg

Karaya emblem

Birkner claimed his first aerial victory on 1 October 1943 over a P-39 Airacobra in combat south-southwest of Bolschoj Tokmak. That day, III. Gruppe had claimed 17 aerial victories in an encounter with Ilyushin Il-2 ground-attack aircraft and their fighter escort.Шаблон:Sfn Birkner claimed his second aerial victory on 4 October over a Lavochkin-Gorbunov-Gudkov LaGG-3. The following day he shot down a Lend-Lease Douglas A-20 Havoc bomber also referred to as a "Boston". On 9 October, he claimed another LaGG-3 fighter shot down followed by two further claims over LaGG-3 fighters on 11 October.Шаблон:Sfn On 19 October, III. Gruppe moved to an airfield at Kirovograd, present-day Kropyvnytskyi where they stayed until 31 October.Шаблон:Sfn Here Birkner claimed a LaGG-3 fighter on 21 October, two LaGG-3 fighters on 24 October, a Bell P-39 Airacobra fighter and another LaGG-3 fighter on 25 October, and an Il-2 ground-attack aircraft and another P-39 fighter on 29 October.Шаблон:Sfn

On 1 November, III. Gruppe was moved to Apostolove fighting in the combat area between Nikopol and Zaporizhzhia. Adverse whether conditions rendered the airfield unusable and the Gruppe temporarily used an airfield near Kirovograd from 12 to 20 November.Шаблон:Sfn By the end of 1943, Birkner had claimed 24 aerial victories in total.Шаблон:Sfn Over the next few months Birkner often flew as Rottenflieger (wing man) to the high scoring aces Günther Rall and Erich Hartmann, claiming many of his victories whilst flying with them.Шаблон:Sfn On 3 January 1944, Birkner claimed two LaGG-3 fighters shot down, taking his total to 26 aerial victories.Шаблон:Sfn The Gruppe moved to an airfield at Mala Vyska on 7 January where they stayed for three days.Шаблон:Sfn

On 10 January, the Gruppe moved to an airfield at Novokrasne located approximately Шаблон:Convert south-southwest of Novoukrainka. While based at Novokrasne, elements of III. Gruppe also operated from Ivanhorod (11 to 13 January), at Velyka Lepetykha (3 to 22 February), and Mykolaiv (2 to 23 February).Шаблон:Sfn Five days later, Birkner claimed five P-39 fighters shot down near Kirovograd, one of which was not confirmed.Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn In April, he claimed a further 29 victories, including six in one day on 19 April making him an "ace-in-a-day" for the first time, taking his total to 60 aerial victories.Шаблон:Sfn Birkner received the Honor Goblet of the Luftwaffe (Шаблон:Lang) on 24 April.Шаблон:Sfn In May, he claimed 17 victories, including another "ace-in-a-day" achievement on 30 May.Шаблон:Sfn

III. Gruppe relocated to Roman on 1 June.Шаблон:Sfn On 3 June, Birkner claimed three Lavochkin aircraft shot down north of Iași.Шаблон:Sfn On 24 June, the United States Army Air Forces' (USAAF) Fifteenth Air Force attacked various targets in Romania with 377 bombers. A fraction of this attack force, consisting of 135 Consolidated B-24 Liberator and Lockheed P-38 Lightning and North American P-51 Mustang fighters, headed for the Ploiești oilfields. Defending against this attack, Birkner claimed a P-51 shot down, his 91st aerial victory.Шаблон:Sfn Birkner was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (Шаблон:Lang) on 27 July 1944 for 98 victories.Шаблон:Sfn

Squadron leader and death

On 1 October 1944, Birkner was appointed Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 9. Staffel of JG 52.Шаблон:Sfn He thus succeeded Oberleutnant Hartmann who was transferred.Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn At the time of this assignment, III. Gruppe was based in Warzyn Pierwszy, Poland. The airfield was located approximately Шаблон:Convert west of Jędrzejów. The Gruppe was under the command of Hauptmann Wilhelm Batz and Oberstleutnant Hermann Graf had just taken over the JG 52 as Geschwaderkommodore (wing commander).Шаблон:Sfn On 8 October, III. Gruppe moved to an airfield near Lobellen, present-day Tushino located approximately Шаблон:Convert east-southeast of Tilsit, present-day Sovetsk, on the south bank of the Memel, present day Neman River.Шаблон:Sfn Here, Birkner claimed an Il-2 ground-attack aircraft shot down on 14 October, his 100th aerial victory.Шаблон:Sfn He was the 95th Luftwaffe pilot to achieve the century mark.Шаблон:Sfn Two days later on 16 October, he became an "ace-in-a-day" for the second time, claiming four LaGG fighters and a single Il-2 ground-attack aircraft.Шаблон:Sfn

The Gruppe moved to an airfield named Hasenfeld, also referred to as Jürgenfelde, located approximately Шаблон:Convert south of Insterburg, present-day Chernyakhovsk, on 20 October where they stayed until 7 November.Шаблон:Sfn Here Birkner claimed five further aerial victories over LaGG fighters, one on 23 October, and two each on 25 and 27 October respectively.Шаблон:Sfn On 7 November, III. Gruppe again moved to the airfield at Warzyn Pierwszy.Шаблон:Sfn On 12 December, the Gruppe relocated to Krakau, present-day Kraków.Шаблон:Sfn Two days later, Birkner was killed in a flying accident when his Bf 109 G-14/U4 (Werknummer 510531—factory number) suffered engine failure during the landing approach at Krakau.Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn Following his death, command of 9. Staffel was passed on to Hauptmann Otto-Karl Klemenz.Шаблон:Sfn

Summary of career

Aerial victory claims

According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Birkner was credited with 117 aerial victories.Шаблон:Sfn Spick also lists Birkner with 117 aerial victories claimed in 284 combat missions. His victories were recorded over the Eastern Front and included one USAAF P-51 fighter.Шаблон:Sfn Included in his total are at least 15 Ilyushin Il-2 Sturmoviks.Шаблон:Sfn Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces – Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and state that Birkner was credited with 117 aerial victories. This figure includes 116 aerial victories on the Eastern Front and one over the Western Allies.Шаблон:Sfn

Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 34 Ost 58842". The Luftwaffe grid map (Шаблон:Lang) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about Шаблон:Convert. These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area Шаблон:Convert in size.Шаблон:Sfn

Chronicle of aerial victories
Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Legend
Claim	Date	Time	Type	Location	Claim	Date	Time	Type	Location
– 9. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –Шаблон:Sfn Eastern Front – 4 February – 31 December 1943
1	1 October 1943	10:25	P-39	PQ 34 Ost 58842Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south-southwest of Bolschoj Tokmak	13	29 October 1943	12:55	P-39?Шаблон:Refn	PQ 34 Ost 39362, northwest of Mishorin-RogШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Mironovka
2	4 October 1943	09:07	LaGG-3	PQ 34 Ost 58191Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east-southeast of Zaporizhia	14	27 November 1943	09:05	LaGG-3	PQ 34 Ost 49784Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north-northwest of Nikopol
3	5 October 1943	08:58	Boston	PQ 34 Ost 59582Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south-southeast of Dnepropetrovsk	15	27 November 1943	14:20	LaGG-3	PQ 34 Ost 47782Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Bilozirka
4	9 October 1943	13:44	LaGG-3	PQ 34 Ost 59732Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Dnepropetrovsk	16	28 November 1943	08:45	LaGG-3	PQ 34 Ost 48783Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Bilozirka
5	11 October 1943	07:30	LaGG-3	PQ 34 Ost 58182, east of ZaporizhiaШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Zaporizhia	17	28 November 1943	13:47	LaGG-3	PQ 34 Ost 48782Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Bilozirka
6	11 October 1943	07:31	LaGG-3	PQ 34 Ost 58182, east of ZaporizhiaШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Zaporizhia	18	28 November 1943	14:35	Il-2 m.H.Шаблон:Refn	PQ 34 Ost 48472Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Nikopol
7	21 October 1943	07:40	LaGG-3	PQ 34 Ost 39481Шаблон:Sfn vicinity of Pjatichatki	19	15 December 1943	12:00	P-39	northeast of NovgorodkaШаблон:Sfn
8	24 October 1943	09:35	LaGG-3	PQ 34 Ost 58392Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Zaporizhia	20	17 December 1943	13:52	P-39	south of NovgorodkaШаблон:Sfn
9	24 October 1943	09:36	LaGG-3	PQ 34 Ost 58391Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Zaporizhia	21	19 December 1943	12:07	LaGG-3	PQ 34 Ost 48654Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northwest of Bilozirka
10	25 October 1943	10:05	P-39	PQ 34 Ost 39462Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east-southeast of Mironovka	22	19 December 1943	14:20	LaGG-3	north of Bolschoj TokmakШаблон:Sfn
11	25 October 1943	10:08	LaGG-3	PQ 34 Ost 39483Шаблон:Sfn vicinity of Pjatichatki	23	19 December 1943	14:22	LaGG-3	west of Malaya-TomatshkaШаблон:Sfn
12	29 October 1943	06:07	Il-2	PQ 34 Ost 29524Шаблон:Sfn vicinity of Alekandrovka	24	20 December 1943	11:56	LaGG-3	south-southeast of Novo-NikolayevkaШаблон:Sfn
– 9. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –Шаблон:Sfn Eastern Front – 1 January – 14 December 1944
25	3 January 1944	12:05	LaGG	PQ 38623Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Apostolove	70♠	30 May 1944	08:50	LaGG	PQ 78599Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northwest of Iași
26	3 January 1944	12:25	LaGG	PQ 48114Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north-northwest of Nikopol	71♠	30 May 1944	14:40	P-39	PQ 78647Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Tudora
27	9 January 1944	14:07	P-39	PQ 29374Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west of Kirovohrad	72♠	30 May 1944	14:43	P-39	PQ 78652Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Tudora
28	15 January 1944	08:54	P-39	PQ 19491Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west of Kirovohrad	73♠	30 May 1944	19:10	P-39	PQ 78643Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Tudora
29	15 January 1944	09:25	P-39	PQ 19493Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west of Kirovohrad	74♠	30 May 1944	19:13	P-39	PQ 78812Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Iași
30	15 January 1944	12:15	P-39	PQ 19462Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west-northwest of Kirovohrad	75	31 May 1944	10:31	LaGG	PQ 78679Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north of Iași
31	15 January 1944	12:21	P-39	PQ 29341Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northwest of Kirovohrad	76	31 May 1944	10:36	LaGG	PQ 78679Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north of Iași
Шаблон:Center?Шаблон:Refn	15 January 1944	Шаблон:Center	P-39		77	31 May 1944	16:25	P-39	PQ 78676Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north of Iași
32	15 April 1944	06:40	LaGG	vicinity of Balaklava Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol	78	3 June 1944	14:10	LaGG	PQ 78733Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northwest of Iași
33	15 April 1944	06:43	LaGG	PQ 35254Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west-southwest of Simferopol	79	3 June 1944	14:12	LaGG	PQ 78733Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northwest of Iași
34	15 April 1944	10:30	Il-2	PQ 35322Шаблон:Sfn Black Sea, Шаблон:Convert northwest of Sevastopol	80	3 June 1944	14:14	LaGG	PQ 78811Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Iași
35	15 April 1944	10:32	LaGG	PQ 35242Шаблон:Sfn Black Sea, Шаблон:Convert south of Saky	81	4 June 1944	16:15	Il-2 m.H.^{[Note 2]}	PQ 78589Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northwest of Iași
36	16 April 1944	13:03	Il-2	PQ 35361Шаблон:Sfn Black Sea, Шаблон:Convert west of Sevastopol	82	4 June 1944	16:25	P-39	PQ 78723Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west-northwest of Iași
37	16 April 1944	13:08	LaGG	PQ 35132Шаблон:Sfn Black Sea, Шаблон:Convert south of Euparorja	83	4 June 1944	16:40	P-39	PQ 78559Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west-southwest of Tudora
38	18 April 1944	10:38	LaGG	PQ 35823Шаблон:Sfn Black Sea, Шаблон:Convert southeast of Sevastopol	84	4 June 1944	17:15	P-39	PQ 78595Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northwest of Iași
39	18 April 1944	15:50	LaGG	PQ 35442Шаблон:Sfn vicinity of Sevastopol	85	6 June 1944	17:24	P-39	PQ 78593Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northwest of Iași
40	18 April 1944	16:05	LaGG	PQ 35454Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Sevastopol	86	8 June 1944	12:19	Pe-2?^{[Note 3]}	PQ 78687Шаблон:Sfn
41	18 April 1944	16:17	Il-2	vicinity of SevastopolШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol	87	8 June 1944	12:21	Pe-2?^{[Note 3]}	PQ 75685Шаблон:Sfn
42♠	19 April 1944	10:40	LaGG	PQ 35471Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol	88	8 June 1944	15:10	LaGG	PQ 78586Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northwest of Iași
43♠	19 April 1944	10:43	LaGG	PQ 35472Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol	89	8 June 1944	15:30	LaGG	PQ 6899Шаблон:Sfn
44♠	19 April 1944	10:44	LaGG	vicinity of SevastopolШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol	Шаблон:Center?Шаблон:Refn	8 June 1944	Шаблон:Center	Il-2Шаблон:Sfn
45♠	19 April 1944	15:35	LaGG	vicinity of SevastopolШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol	90	14 June 1944	17:29	LaGG	PQ 78547Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west-northwest of Iași
46♠	19 April 1944	15:50	LaGG	vicinity of BalaklavaШаблон:Sfn Black Sea, Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol	91	24 June 1944	09:56	P-51	PQ 65133Шаблон:Sfn Black Sea, south of Cape Takyl
47♠	19 April 1944	15:51	LaGG	vicinity of BalaklavaШаблон:Sfn Black Sea, Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol	92	1 July 1944	10:57	LaGG	PQ 85841Шаблон:Sfn Black Sea, southwest of Ol'ginka
48	22 April 1944	09:38	Boston	PQ 25481Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west of Yelnya	93	9 July 1944	09:57	Il-2 m.H.^{[Note 2]}	PQ 45462Шаблон:Sfn
49	22 April 1944	13:40	LaGG	PQ 35712Шаблон:Sfn Black Sea, Шаблон:Convert southwest of Sevastopol	94	20 July 1944	12:15	LaGG	PQ 41569Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north-northwest of Busk
50	23 April 1944	08:00	Pe-2	PQ 35331Шаблон:Sfn Black Sea, Шаблон:Convert northwest of Sevastopol	95	20 July 1944	16:38	P-39	PQ 40141Шаблон:Sfn vicinity of Lviv
51	23 April 1944	10:50	Il-2	PQ 35481Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Sevastopol	96	21 July 1944	16:50	LaGG	PQ 30262Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west of Lviv
52	23 April 1944	11:20	LaGG	vicinity of Belbek Шаблон:Sfn	97	21 July 1944	16:55	LaGG	PQ 30261Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west of Lviv
53	24 April 1944	14:30	LaGG	vicinity of SevastopolШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol	98	21 July 1944	17:22	Il-2 m.H.^{[Note 2]}	PQ 40154Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Lviv
54	24 April 1944	15:35	Il-2	PQ 35391Шаблон:Sfn Black Sea, southwest of Sevastopol	99	14 October 1944	15:35	Il-2 m.H.^{[Note 2]}	PQ 16316Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northwest of Timișoara
55	25 April 1944	07:33	LaGG	vicinity of BalaklavaШаблон:Sfn Black Sea, Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol	100♠	16 October 1944	09:09	LaGG	PQ 26767Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Prahovo
56	25 April 1944	07:45	LaGG	PQ 35332Шаблон:Sfn Black Sea, Шаблон:Convert northwest of Sevastopol	101♠	16 October 1944	09:10	LaGG	PQ 26733Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west of Prahovo
57	25 April 1944	07:58	P-39	PQ 35454Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Sevastopol	102♠	16 October 1944	14:15	LaGG	PQ 25468Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Turnu Severin
58	27 April 1944	10:55	LaGG	north of BalaklavaШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol	103♠	16 October 1944	14:32	LaGG	PQ 25455Шаблон:Sfn Turnu Severin
59	27 April 1944	17:55	P-39	north of BalaklavaШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol	104♠	16 October 1944	16:00	Il-2 m.H.^{[Note 2]}	PQ 35517Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Turnu Severin
60	27 April 1944	18:10	P-39	PQ 35452Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Sevastopol	105	17 October 1944	15:00	Pe-2	PQ 25356Шаблон:Sfn Turnu Severin
61	21 May 1944	09:46	P-39	PQ 78562Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Tudora	106	18 October 1944	09:40	LaGG	PQ 25632Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Turnu Severin
62	22 May 1944	15:40	LaGG	PQ 78792Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Iași	107	18 October 1944	09:42	Il-2 m.H.^{[Note 2]}	PQ 25637Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Turnu Severin
63	23 May 1944	16:02	LaGG	PQ 68791Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north of Piatra Neamț	108	18 October 1944	09:43	LaGG	PQ 25639Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Turnu Severin
64	23 May 1944	16:07	LaGG	PQ 67183Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Piatra Neamț	109	23 October 1944	14:00	LaGG	PQ 25314Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west of Orșova
65	28 May 1944	08:20	P-39	PQ 78811Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Iași	110	25 October 1944	15:00	LaGG	PQ 25586Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east-southeast of Majdanpek
66	28 May 1944	08:55	LaGG	PQ 78715Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northeast of Iași	111	25 October 1944	15:02	LaGG	PQ 25599Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west-northwest of Prahovo
67	28 May 1944	12:20	P-39	PQ 78511Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west of Tudora	112	27 October 1944	14:15	LaGG	PQ 25529Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northeast of Majdanpek
68	28 May 1944	17:40	P-39	PQ 68833Шаблон:Sfn north of Târgu Frumos	113	27 October 1944	14:23	LaGG	PQ 25533Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Turnu Severin
69	29 May 1944	13:25	P-39	PQ 78543Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west-northwest of Iași
According to Mathews and Foreman, aerial victories 114 to 117 were not documented.Шаблон:Sfn
114	14 December 1944	Шаблон:Center	unknownШаблон:Sfn		116	14 December 1944	Шаблон:Center	unknownШаблон:Sfn
115	14 December 1944	Шаблон:Center	unknownШаблон:Sfn

Awards

Iron Cross (1939) 2nd and 1st ClassШаблон:Sfn
Honour Goblet of the Luftwaffe on 24 April 1944 as Fahnenjunker-Feldwebel and pilotШаблон:Sfn
German Cross in Gold on 20 March 1944 as Fahnenjunker-Feldwebel in the 9./Jagdgeschwader 52Шаблон:Sfn
Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 27 July 1944 as Fahnenjunker-Feldwebel and pilot in the 9./Jagdgeschwader 52Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Refn

Notes

Шаблон:Reflist

References

Citations

Шаблон:Reflist

Bibliography

Шаблон:Refbegin

Шаблон:Refend

External links

Шаблон:Top German World War II Aces Шаблон:Subject bar

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[Note 1]

[Note 2]

[Note 3]

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