Английская Википедия:Hazairin

Содержание

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Hazairin (Gelar Pangeran Alamsyah Harahap; 28 November 1906 – 11 December 1975) was the Indonesia's Minister of Home Affairs from 30 July 1953 to 18 November 1954, serving in the First Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet.

Biography

Hazairin was born in Bukittinggi, West Sumatra, Dutch East Indies on 28 November 1906Шаблон:Sfn to a strict religious family of Persian descent.Шаблон:Sfn His father, Zakaria Bahar, was a teacher from Bengkulu and his mother was of Minangkabau descent.Шаблон:Sfn As a child, he moved to Bengkulu to begin his schooling at a Hollands Indlandsche School, or Dutch school for Native Indonesians.Шаблон:Sfn After graduating in 1920, he moved to Padang to study at a Meer Uitgebreid Lager Onderwijs, graduating in 1924.Шаблон:Sfn During the same period, he studied Arabic and the Quran with his grandfather, expanding on his Islamic studies in his own time.Шаблон:Sfn

Hazairin later left for Bandung, in West Java, to study at the Algemene Middelbare School there, graduating in 1927.Шаблон:Sfn He then went to Batavia (modern day Jakarta) to study at the Institute of Law (Rechtkundige Hoogeschool), focusing on adat law.Шаблон:Sfn He graduated in 1935.Шаблон:Sfn

After graduation, Hazairin returned to Bengkulu under the tutelage of B. Ter Haar, a respected Dutch expert on adat, to study the Rejang people there.Шаблон:Sfn Using the results as the basis for his dissertation, entitled "De Redjang" ("The Rejang"), he received a doctorate on 29 May 1936.Шаблон:Sfn He was the only native Indonesian doctor to graduate from the Batavia Institute of Law.Шаблон:Sfn From 1935 until 1938 he also served as a guest lecturer at the institution.Шаблон:Sfn

In 1938 Hazairin obtained a post at a court in Padang Sidempuan, North Sumatra, where he stayed until the Japanese invaded the Indies in 1942; during the same period he served to enforce adat law throughout South Tapanuli.Шаблон:Sfn Throughout the Japanese occupation, he served as one of their legal advisers.Шаблон:Sfn

After Indonesia's independence in 1945, Hazairin served as chief justice of the South Tapanuli court.Шаблон:Sfn He also served on the Central Indonesian National Committee.Шаблон:Sfn In 1946, he was promoted to regent (residen) of Bengkulu, also becoming the Vice Military Governor of South Sumatra;Шаблон:Sfn during his time as regent, he released his own currency to bolster the faltering economy of the region.Шаблон:Sfn In 1948, he served as head of the Great Indonesia Party (Partai Indonesia Raya),Шаблон:Sfn an offshoot of the Indonesian National Party, which he had helped found.Шаблон:Sfn

In 1950 Hazairin returned to Jakarta, becoming a lecturer on adat and Islamic law at the University of Indonesia.Шаблон:Sfn In early 1953 he served as the head of the Civil / Criminal Law Division at the Ministry of Justice.Шаблон:Sfn He later was selected as Minister of Internal Affairs for the First Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet, serving from 30 July 1953 to 18 November 1954.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn During his term, he helped pass a law guaranteeing inheritance rights to children born out of wedlock and unmarried live-together partners.Шаблон:Sfn He later served in the Ministry of Justice, retiring in 1959.Шаблон:Sfn

After retiring from politics, Hazairin founded the Wakaf Foundation of Islamic Higher Learning (Yayasan Wakaf Perguruan Tinggi Islam, later the Islamic University of Jakarta Foundation) in Jakarta, later serving as the rector of its university.Шаблон:Sfn Beginning in 1960 until his death on 11 December 1975, he served as president of Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn He also taught at the Jakarta School of Policing (Perguruan Tinggi Ilmu Kepolisian).Шаблон:Sfn

Views

Hazairin wrote extensively on marriage law in relation to Islam, and is considered a moderate.Шаблон:Sfn He saw Islam as having a bilateral marriage system; in other words, not matrilineal and not patrilineal. He based this opinion on three things. Firstly, he read Sura An-Nisa verses 23 and 24 as allowing cousin marriages, which in his opinion showed support for the bilateral system. Secondly, he noted that verse 11 of Sura An-Nisa allowed inheritances to both sons and daughters; he believed that a patrilineal society would only allow sons to inherit wealth. Finally, verses 12 and 176 of Sura An-Nisa allowed all siblings to share equally in the inheritance.Шаблон:Sfn

Legacy

For his work in South Tapanuli, Hazairin was given the title Gelar Pangeran Alamsyah Harahap.Шаблон:Sfn The government awarded him several medals, including the Bintang Satya Lencana Widya Satia, the Bintang Gerilya, the Bhayangkara Kelas III, and the Bintang Kartika Eka Paksi Kelas III.Шаблон:Sfn Hazairin University in Bengkulu is named after him.Шаблон:Sfn

Personal life

Hazairin was a polyglot, fluent in Dutch, Indonesian, English, and French, with a passive comprehension of Arabic, Latin, and German.Шаблон:Sfn

Selected works

Hazairin published 17 works regarding adat and Islamic law, with those about adat noting the diversity found in Indonesia, and those on Islamic law pushing for an amalgamation of Islamic and secular law.Шаблон:Sfn Among his works are:

• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book

References

Footnotes

Bibliography

• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite journal
• Шаблон:Cite web
• Шаблон:Cite web