Английская Википедия:Health Protection (Coronavirus, Restrictions) (All Tiers) (England) Regulations 2020
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use British English Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox UK legislation
Шаблон:Colorsample Tier 1 Шаблон:Colorsample Tier 2 Шаблон:Colorsample Tier 3 Шаблон:Colorsample Tier 4
The Health Protection (Coronavirus, Restrictions) (All Tiers) (England) Regulations 2020 (SI 2020/1374) is an English emergency statutory instrument that replaced the second lockdown regulations from 2 December 2020. As initially made, it brought back the three-tier legal framework first introduced by the first COVID-19 tier regulations in England (in effect 14 October – 5 November 2020), but with changes to the restrictions within each tier. The regulations are sometimes referred as the "second tier regulations" or the "all tiers regulations".
Exceptions to the restrictions on gatherings were initially to be permitted during a 'Christmas period', defined as 23–27 December 2020. But following a continued rise in infections in London and the South East, parts of those areas were moved up to tier 3 (then the highest level) on 17 and 19 December. On 20 December, London and the tier 3 parts of the South East and the East of England were moved into a new top-level tier 4, with restrictions similar to those of the second lockdown regulations.[1] At the same point, the 'Christmas period' was restricted to Christmas Day only for tiers 1 to 3, and was abolished entirely for tier 4.
From 6 January 2021, further amendments moved all areas of England to tier 4 in what was described by politicians and the press as a "third lockdown".
The regulations were originally stated to expire on 2 February 2021,Шаблон:Sfnp later changed to 31 March,Шаблон:Sfnp but in the event were replaced on 29 March by the Health Protection (Coronavirus, Restrictions) (Steps) (England) Regulations 2021.
Context and earlier regulations
In response to the developing COVID-19 pandemic, the UK government issued advice to English schools on 12 March 2020 that they should cancel trips abroad,[2] and on 16 March that the public should avoid non-essential travel, crowded places, and visits to care homes.[3] This was followed by the closure of schools, colleges and nurseries from 21 March.[4]
On 21 March the government used emergency powers to make business closure regulations, enforcing the closure in England of businesses selling food and drink for consumption on the premises, as well as a range of other businesses such as nightclubs and indoor leisure centres where a high risk of infection could be expected. Five days later the restrictions were made more extensive.Шаблон:Sfnp On 26 March 2020 the even more stringent Lockdown Regulations came into force. These became the principal delegated English legislation restricting freedom of movement, gatherings, and business closures, and were progressively relaxed on 22 April, 13 May, 1 June, and 13/15 June. The No. 2 regulations of 4 July 2020 further relaxed the rules throughout most of England,Шаблон:Sfnp apart from City of Leicester and the surrounding areaШаблон:Sfnp which became the subject of the first of a series of local regulations. Between July and September 2020, more extensive and increasingly rigorous ad hoc local regulations were introduced, which in many areas proved unsuccessful in controlling spread of the virus.[5]
These were followed by the first COVID-19 tier regulations (in effect 14 October – 4 November 2020), which placed each local authority area under one of three levels of restrictions. As infections increased in many areas, these were replaced by the more rigorous nationwide second lockdown regulations (in effect 5 November – 1 December 2020).
On 2 December 2020 these regulations revoked the second lockdown regulations,Шаблон:Sfnp and reintroduced a countrywide three-tier legal framework.[6] Later amendments introduced a fourth tier.Шаблон:Sfnp
Legal basis
The regulations were made on 30 November 2020 by the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, Matt Hancock, using emergency powers under the Public Health (Control of Disease) Act 1984, the stated legal basis being "the serious and imminent threat to public health which is posed by the incidence and spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in England". Hancock used section 45R of the Public Health (Control of Disease) Act 1984 to enact the regulations without prior parliamentary consideration, subject to retrospective approval by resolution of each House of Parliament within twenty-eight days.Шаблон:Sfnp The regulations entered into force on 2 December 2020.Шаблон:Sfnp
Return of the tiers
Шаблон:BoxThe regulations revived the three-tier legal framework from the first COVID-19 tier regulations in England, though with changes to the restrictions defined by each tier. The areas within each tier were also different: almost all of England was placed into tier 2 or 3, with only Cornwall, the Isles of Scilly, and the Isle of Wight being placed in tier 1.[7] A fourth tier was added by SI 1611 on 20 December 2020.Шаблон:Sfnp By 6 January 2021, all areas of England were in tier 4,Шаблон:Sfnp where they remained until the regulations were revoked on 29 March.
A major difference from previous restrictions was that tiers were generally applied to larger areas such as counties or city regions rather than individual local authorities or smaller. In the original tiered areas, the only exception to this was Slough where rates were "much higher" than the rest of Berkshire and Buckinghamshire,[8] districts like Tunbridge Wells and Ashford being placed in tier 3 even though they had lower than average rates.[9]
Restrictions on gatherings, all tiers
In all tiers, gatherings were restricted by size. In the spaces listed, the only permitted gatherings were as follows unless one of the exceptions applied:
| Space | Tier 1Шаблон:Sfnp | Tier 2Шаблон:Sfnp | Tier 3Шаблон:Sfnp | Tier 4Шаблон:Sfnp |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Private dwelling
(indoors) |
Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:No | Шаблон:No | Шаблон:No |
| Other private
indoor space |
Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:No | Шаблон:No | Шаблон:No |
| Private dwelling
(outdoors, e.g. garden) |
Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:No | Шаблон:No |
| Private outdoor
space |
Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:No | Шаблон:No |
| Public outdoor
space |
Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes |
* In tier 3, gatherings of no more than 6 people were allowed only in free-to-access public outdoor areas, and pay-to-access public outdoor sports grounds and facilities, botanical gardens and the gardens of castles, stately homes, historic houses or other heritage sites.Шаблон:Sfnp All gatherings in outdoor areas that did not fall within that definition were prohibited, as were all gatherings at fairgrounds and funfairs.Шаблон:Sfnp
** In tier 4, an individual was allowed to meet one other person only in free-to-access public outdoor areas, and pay-to-access botanical gardens and the gardens of castles, stately homes, historic houses or other heritage sites,Шаблон:Sfnp as well as sculpture parks and allotments.Шаблон:Sfnp All gatherings in outdoor areas that did not fall within that definition were prohibited, as were all gatherings at fairgrounds and funfairs.Шаблон:Sfnp
Large gathering offence
On 29 January 2021 SI 97/2021 introduced a new 'large gathering offence' subject to penalty charges on a sliding scale between £400 and £6400. The offence was committed when the above restrictions were breached by more than 15 people gathered in a private dwelling, in educational accommodation, or at an indoor rave.Шаблон:Sfnp
Exceptions to the restrictions on gatherings
General and tier 1 exceptions
A substantial list of exceptions was provided for. All applied to tier 1, with more limited and fewer exceptions applying to tiers 2, 3 and 4.
| Type | Indoor and outdoor exceptions | Applies | Ref | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tier 1 | Tier 2 | Tier 3 | Tier 4 | |||
| Same or linked households | All members of a common household, or of two linked households ("support bubble") | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:SfnpШаблон:Sfnp |
| Permitted organised gatherings | Organised with precautions by a business, charity or public body after a risk assessment. Participants must attend either alone or as part of a sub-group of no more than 6 (apart from larger single or linked household groups). | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:No | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| Education and training | A variety of specified situations including early years provision, school activities, apprenticeships, work experience, applying for a job, professional training and exams | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:SfnpШаблон:Sfnp |
| Gatherings necessary for certain purposes | Work, voluntary services, emergency assistance, avoiding harm, providing care to a vulnerable or disabled person, for the purposes of a house move | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:SfnpШаблон:Sfnp |
| Legal obligations and proceedings | Fulfilling a legal obligation or participating in legal proceedings | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:SfnpШаблон:Sfnp |
| Criminal justice accommodation | Any gathering in criminal justice accommodation | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:SfnpШаблон:Sfnp |
| Support groups | Formally organised support groups of no more than 15 people (not counting children below the age of five). Not allowed at a private dwelling | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:SfnpШаблон:Sfnp |
| Respite care | Respite care for a vulnerable or disabled person; a short break for a looked-after child | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:SfnpШаблон:Sfnp |
| Births | Attending a person giving birth | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:SfnpШаблон:Sfnp |
| Marriages and civil partnerships etc. | Ceremonies of no more than 15 people (six in tier 4)Шаблон:Sfnp organised with precautions after a risk assessment; included non-faith ceremonies, but not at a private dwelling. Some restrictions relaxed for ceremonies of no more than six where one of the parties was seriously ill and was not expected to recover | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| Wedding and civil partnership receptions | Receptions of no more than 15 people organised with precautions after a risk assessment. Not allowed at a private dwelling | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:No | Шаблон:No | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| Funerals | No more than 30 people. Organised with precautions after a risk assessment. Must be in a public outdoor space or a business or charity premises. Not allowed at a private dwelling | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:SfnpШаблон:Sfnp |
| Commemorative event following a person's death | No more than 15 people (six in tier 4). Organised with precautions after a risk assessment. Not allowed at a private dwelling | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:SfnpШаблон:Sfnp |
| Protests | Organised with precautions by a business, charity, public body or political body after a risk assessment | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:No | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| Elite sports | Training and competition for elite sportspersons and coaches | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:SfnpШаблон:Sfnp |
| Other sports | Organised outdoor sports or fitness activities with precautions after a risk assessment; indoor activities for disabled people. This exception did not extend to spectators or to parents of a child taking part | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:No | Шаблон:No | Шаблон:No | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| Outdoor activities | An outdoor physical activity for which a licence or permit issued by a public body was required | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:No | Шаблон:No | Шаблон:No | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| Children | Formal childcare; informal childcare provided by a linked childcare household; access arrangements; contact between siblings who do not live together; prospective adopters | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:SfnpШаблон:Sfnp |
| Parent and child groups | Formally-organised groups of no more than 15 people (not counting children below the age of five). Not allowed at a private dwelling | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:SfnpШаблон:Sfnp |
| Student and vacation households | Allowed a student in higher education to move to another household on a single occasion for the purpose of a vacation, and to return afterwards. This was originally permitted before 8 February, and then between 8 March and 28 April 2021.Шаблон:Sfnp The student became a part of the vacation household during the vacation period | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:SfnpШаблон:SfnpШаблон:Sfnp |
| Christmas period | Certain gatherings on 25 December 2020 onlyШаблон:Sfnp of no more than three linked Christmas households. See Linked Christmas households | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:No | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| Picketing | Picketing with precautions after a risk assessment (in tier 4 from 26 December 2020)Шаблон:Sfnp | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| Nomination of candidates and petitioning | From 8 March 2021: Participating in the nomination of an election candidate, or petitioning for a referendum | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| Campaigning | From 8 March 2021: Campigning in an election or referendum. This could be to support or to prejudice the prospects of any particular party or candidate.Шаблон:Sfnp Not allowed inside a private dwelling | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| Observing an election or referendum | From 8 March 2021: Observing at an election or referendum | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Yes | Шаблон:Sfnp |
Tier 2 exceptions
These were the same as for tier 1 except as follows:
- "Other sports": organised outdoor sports were still exempt, but organised fitness activities were notШаблон:Sfnp
- "Outdoor activities": outdoor physical activities involving a licence or permit not allowedШаблон:Sfnp
- Additional indoor exceptions were provided to the general tier 2 rule prohibiting gatherings in private indoor spaces:
| Type | Applied | Indoor exceptions | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|
| Visiting a dying person | Tiers 2, 3 and 4 | Visitor was a member of that person's household, a close family member, or a friend | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| Visiting persons receiving treatment etc. | Tiers 2, 3 and 4 | Visitor was a member of that person's household, a close family member, or a friend. Applied to hospitals, hospices and care homes | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| Indoor sports | Tiers 2, 3 and 4 | Organised indoor sports for disabled people. This exception did not extend to spectators or to parents of children taking part | Шаблон:Sfnp |
Tier 3 exceptions
These were largely the same as tier 2 but there was no exception for wedding and civil partnership receptions.Шаблон:Sfnp
Tier 4 exceptions
These were the same as tier 3 with the following exceptions:Шаблон:Sfnp
- No 'permitted organised gatherings'
- Wedding or civil partnership ceremonies were limited to six people
- Commemorative events following a death were limited to six people
- No special Christmas arrangements, thus normal tier 4 rules applied on 25 December 2020.
Restrictions on leaving home in tier 4
As originally made, SI 1374 controlled social interactions by imposing rules on gatherings; there was no general prohibition against leaving home. The amendments introduced on 20 December 2020 by SI 1611 however, brought in a new tier 4 (sometimes referred to as the "third lockdown") with much stricter rules, very similar to those of the second lockdown There remained no general prohibition against leaving home in tiers 1 to 3.
In tier 4 there was a general prohibition leaving or be outside one's own home (which included any associated garden or yard) without "reasonable excuse".Шаблон:Sfnp No exhaustive definition of "reasonable excuse" was provided, though it included any of the following exceptions:
Reasonable excuses for leaving home in tier 4
| Exception | Name | Details | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Necessary for certain purposes | See below | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| 2 | Work, voluntary services, education, training etc. | To work or provide voluntary or charitable services, where not reasonably possible to do so from home; to access charitable services; for education or training; to provide care or assistance to a vulnerable person (anyone over 70, pregnant, or with a serious health condition); to provide emergency assistance; to fulfil a legal obligation; to access critical public services | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| 3 | Elite athletes | For the purposes of training or competition | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| 4 | Medical need etc. | To seek medical assistance, to get a test, to be vaccinated, or to access health, medical, or mental health services | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| 5 | Support and respite | To attend a permitted support group meeting; respite-related reasons | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| 6 | Death bed visit | To visit a household member, close family member, or friend you believe to be dying | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| 7 | Funerals etc. | To attend a funeral or an event commemorating a person's life; or certain visits to a burial ground or garden of remembrance | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| 8 | Marriages and civil partnerships | To attend a licensed wedding where one of the participants is seriously ill and is not expected to recover | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| 9 | Children | To take a child to school; childcare access arrangements; children in care; prospective adopters; informal childcare by linked childcare household. To take a child to registered childcare or supervised activities for children but only where necessary to enable a critical worker to work, search for work or undertake training or education (until 6 January 2021 anyone with parental responsibility could make use of this exemption)Шаблон:Sfnp | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| 10 | Animal welfare | To care for or exercise a pet; to attend a vet | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| 11 | Returning home | Returning home from a holiday that was started before the regulations came into force | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| 12 | Prison visits | Visits by a close family member or friend | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| 13 | Voting | For the purpose of voting | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| 14 | Permitted outdoor sports gatherings | Attending (but not spectating at) an organised outdoor sports gathering for disabled people. (Until 6 January 2021 gatherings for children were also permitted).Шаблон:Sfnp | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| 15 | Parent and child groups | Attending a permitted parent and child group meeting | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| 16 | Student and vacation households | A higher education student could leave to switch households for a vacation on one occasion before 8 February 2021, and return afterwards. Also permitted on one occasion between 8 March and 28 April 2021.Шаблон:Sfnp | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| 17 | Picketing | From 26 December 2020: Attending a lawful picket line | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| 18 | Nomination of candidates and petitioning | From 8 March 2021: Participating in the nomination of an election candidate, or petitioning for a referendum | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| 19 | Campaigning | From 8 March 2021: Campigning in an election or referendum; could be to support or to prejudice the prospects of any particular party or candidateШаблон:Sfnp | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| 20 | Observing an election or referendum | From 8 March 2021: Observing at an election or referendum | Шаблон:Sfnp |
Exception 1: leaving tier 4 home necessary for certain purposes
This exception covered a variety of situations:Шаблон:Sfnp
| Exception | Details |
|---|---|
| 1a | Where reasonably necessary to leave home to buy goods or services for oneself, a household member, a vulnerable person (anyone over 70, pregnant, or with a serious health condition) or someone in their household |
| 1b | To obtain or deposit money |
| 1c | To take exercise outside. This could be either alone, or with household or linked household members. Also permitted was to exercise outside in a public place with any one other person (for this purpose, children under five and up to two carers for a disabled person were not counted) |
| 1d
[Not between 6 Jan and 7 Mar 2021] |
This exception originally applied until 5 January 2021, when it was removed;Шаблон:Sfnp it was restored on 8 March 2021:Шаблон:Sfnp To visit a public outdoor place for open air recreation with any one other person (for this purpose, children under five and up to two carers for a disabled person were not counted). Visiting a public outdoor place for open air recreation with any number of household or linked household members was also permitted |
| 1da | From 26 December 2020 to 5 January 2021 only: To visit outdoor attractions at an aquarium, zoo, safari park, or other outdoor animal attractions.Шаблон:Sfnp This exception was removed from 6 January 2021.Шаблон:Sfnp |
| 1e | To attend a place of worship |
| 1f | In connection with the purchase, sale, letting or rental of residential property |
| 1g | To visit a linked household |
| 1h | To collect pre-ordered food, drink, or other goods, or visit a food or drink service business to obtain a takeaway |
| 1i | To visit a waste disposal or recycling centre |
Movement between tiers
There was no general prohibition against leaving a home tier area, or against movement between tiers. An individual who travelled between tiers to join a gathering was generally subject to the rules of their home tier, or the tier of the place to which they travelled, whichever was higher. Anyone living in tier 1, 2 or 3 was permitted to travel to a higher tier area, but could not participate in a gathering that was prohibited in the higher tier area. Anyone living in tier 2, 3 or 4 who travelled to a lower tier area could not participate in any gathering that would have been prohibited in their home area.Шаблон:Sfnp As noted above, people resident in tier 4 were permitted to leave home and travel only if they had a 'reasonable excuse' to do so.Шаблон:Sfnp
Business closures
Certain businesses were required to close or limit their operations.
General and tier 1 business restrictions
| Applies | Details | Ref | Exceptions | Ref | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Businesses that must close | All tiers | Must close: nightclubs, dance halls, discotheques and facilities for public dancing to music at night, sexual entertainment venues, hostess bars, shisha bars/hookah lounges | Шаблон:Sfnp | Where the owner runs a separate shop, cafe or restaurant, or an online delivery service | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| Opening hours restrictions | Tiers 1 and 2 | Must stop accepting orders at 22:00, and must close between 23:00 and 05:00: restaurants*, food and drink takeaways*, cafes and workplace canteens*, bars*, pubs*, social clubs*, casinos*, bowling alleys, cinemas, theatres, amusement arcades or other indoor leisure centres, funfairs (indoors or outdoors), theme and adventure parks and activities, bingo halls, concert halls, sportsgrounds | Шаблон:Sfnp | Supermarkets, convenience stores, corner shops, newsagents, pharmacists, petrol stations;Шаблон:Sfnp motorway service stations;Шаблон:Sfnp air and sea ports;Шаблон:Sfnp on public transport;Шаблон:Sfnp online food and drink deliveries and collections, drive-through takeaways.Шаблон:Sfnp Cinemas, theatres and concert halls may remain open after 22:00 for the purpose of completing performances which began before that timeШаблон:Sfnp | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| Table service and customer eating | Tier 1 only | Restrictions on service: venues marked * above which sell alcohol must serve all food and drink to customers seated at tables. Customers must order at the table, and must remain seated while eating and drinking. Venues so marked which do not sell alcohol need not serve customers at a table, but they must ensure that customers eating and drinking on the premises remain seated | Шаблон:Sfnp |
Tier 2 business restrictions
The tier 1 list of businesses that had to close, and the opening hour restrictions, also applied in tier 2. In addition, there were the following restrictions:
| Applies | Details | Ref | Exceptions | Ref | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pubs and bars to serve alcohol as part of a table meal | Tier 2 | Restrictions on service: pubs, bars, and other venues selling alcohol for consumption on the premises could remain open only if they served alcohol only as part of a table meal (at least equivalent to breakfast or the main course of a midday or evening meal). The meal had to be eaten while seated at a table (not at a serving counter). This rule applieed equally to areas adjacent to the premises used by customers | Шаблон:Sfnp | Alcohol served as part of a hotel's room service | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| Bars and non-food pubs to close | Tiers 2 and 3 | Must close: pubs, bars, and other venues that sell alcohol for consumption on the premises other than as part of a table meal | Шаблон:Sfnp |
Tier 3 business restrictions
The tier 1 and tier 2 lists of businesses that must close also applied in tier 3. In addition, there were the following restrictions:
| Applies | Details | Ref | Exceptions | Ref | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Further businesses to close | Tier 3 | Must close: indoor play areas, trampoline/inflatable parks; casinos; bingo halls; bowling alleys; snooker and pool halls; amusement arcades; laser quest and escape rooms; theatres and cinemas; concert halls; many conference centres and exhibition halls; indoor skating rinks; circuses; the indoor parts of many visitor and heritage attractions | Шаблон:Sfnp | Where the owner ran a separate shop, cafe or restaurant, or an online delivery service; drive-in theatres and cinemas;Шаблон:Sfnp visitor toiletsШаблон:Sfnp | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| Holiday accommodation to close | Tier 3 | Must close: holiday accommodation | Шаблон:Sfnp | Various special cases including venue used as a main residence, and where needed for work or education; also, any accommodation provided during the period 24 to 26 December 2020.Шаблон:Sfnp | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| No consumption of food or drink on the premises | Tier 3 | Must close: restaurants, cafes and workplace canteens, bars, pubs, social clubs providing food and drink | Шаблон:Sfnp | Where the owner ran a separate cafe or restaurant, or an online delivery service; food or drink served as part of a hotel's room service;Шаблон:Sfnp motorway service stations, air and sea portsШаблон:Sfnp | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| Opening hours restrictions | Tier 3 | Must close between 23:00 and 05:00: drive-in theatres and cinemas; outdoor concert venues; outdoor attractions at theme parks, fairgrounds and funfairs | Шаблон:Sfnp | Venues could stay open after 23:00 to conclude a performance starting before 22:00 | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| Food and drink takeaways | Tier 3 | Limited service between 23:00 and 05:00: between those hours food and drink takeaways could operate click-and-collect and drive-through services only | Шаблон:Sfnp |
Tier 4 business restrictions
These were similar but not identical to those of the second lockdown that was in place between 5 November and 2 December 2020.
| Restrictions | Exceptions | |
|---|---|---|
| Businesses | Must close: Nightclubs, dance halls, discos, sexual entertainment venues, hostess bars, venues with waterpipes or that provided for the consumption of nicotine or other substances on the premisesШаблон:Sfnp
Must close: Restaurants, cafes, bars, pubs, social clubs, food and drink takeawaysШаблон:Sfnp Must close: Dance and fitness studios, gyms, sports courts, swimming pools, playgrounds, soft play areas, indoor leisure centres and entertainment venues, casinos, bingo halls, bowling alleys, indoor riding centres, amusement arcades, cinemas, theatres, concert halls, skating rinks, circuses, water parks, theme parks, fairgrounds and funfairs, adventure parks, model villages, kitchen, bathroom, tile and glazing showrooms, museums and galleries, indoor venues at visitor attractions, film studio attractions, conference centres, exhibition halls, betting shops, spas, tanning salons, nail salons, beauty salons, hair salons and barbers, massage parlours, tattoo and piercing parlours, carpet stores, motor showrooms, manual car washes, most auction houses, most outdoor marketsШаблон:Sfnp Must close: From 6 January 2021: outdoor sportsgrounds and facilities, including outdoor gyms, sports courts, swimming pools, water sports, shooting and archery venues, golf courses, and driving ranges; retail travel agentsШаблон:Sfnp |
Food and drink takeaways operated by supermarkets, convenience stores, pharmacists and petrol stationsШаблон:Sfnp Food and drink provided at motorway service stations, ports, airports and international rail terminals,Шаблон:Sfnp or on public transportШаблон:Sfnp Restaurants etc could offer a takeaway service between 05:00 and 23:00 (with click and collect only outside those hours)Шаблон:Sfnp From 6 January 2021, hospitality venues could no longer sell alcohol to take away.Шаблон:Sfnp Outdoor markets selling food or livestock, and outdoor markets consisting of 'permitted retailers' (see below)Шаблон:Sfnp |
| Retail shops | Must close: All retail shops, apart from 'permitted retailers' (see below)Шаблон:Sfnp | Delivery and collection in response to pre-booked orders (click and collect). The customer collecting could not enter the premisesШаблон:Sfnp |
| Libraries | Must close: LibrariesШаблон:Sfnp | Libraries could open for voting purposes, support groups, childcare, education and training, voluntary or public servicesШаблон:Sfnp |
| Holiday accommodation | Must close: All types of holiday accommodationШаблон:Sfnp | Various exceptions including work, self-isolation, use while moving house, people unable to return home etcШаблон:Sfnp |
| Community centres and halls | Must close: Community centres and hallsШаблон:Sfnp | Essential voluntary services, education and training, support groups, childcare and supervised activitiesШаблон:Sfnp |
| Permitted retailers | Could remain open: Food retailers, including food markets, supermarkets, convenience stores and corner shops, off licences, pharmacies and chemists, newsagents, animal rescue centres, building merchants, petrol stations, car repair and MOT services, bicycle shops, taxi or vehicle hire businesses, banks, building societies, cash points, currency exchange offices, post offices, funeral directors, laundrettes and dry cleaners, medical, health and mental health services, vets, pet shops, agricultural supplies, storage and distribution facilities, delivery drop off or collection points, car parks, public toilets, garden centres, automatic car washes, mobility and support shopsШаблон:Sfnp | |
Linked households
The concept of "linked households" (referred to in government statements as "support bubbles")[10] was brought forward from previous regulations, but in extended form. Two households that were linked under these regulations could generally meet as if they were one household. First and second households could link if all the adults in both households agreed.Шаблон:Sfnp The first household had to comprise:
- A single adult
- Any number of children and no adults
- One adult and any number of children who were under the age of 18 on 12 June 2020
- Any number of adults and a child who was under the age of one on 2 December 2020
- Any number of adults and a child with a disability requiring continuous care, the child being under the age of five on 2 December 2020
- One or more persons with a disability requiring continuous care, on their own or together with any number of individuals who do not have such a disability (but only one of the non-disabled individuals may be aged 18 or over on 12 June 2020).Шаблон:Sfnp
Where the first household included a higher education student on vacation, the presence of the student was ignored for this purpose.Шаблон:Sfnp
There were no limits on the second household, which could include any number of adults and children.Шаблон:Sfnp
A household could only be linked with one other household at any one time.Шаблон:Sfnp But for the first time, linked households could be changed if all members of a linked household agreed;Шаблон:Sfnp this was subject to a minimum 14 day period (reduced to 10 days from 14 December 2020)Шаблон:Sfnp between the final meeting of the former linked households and the first meeting of the new.Шаблон:Sfnp
Linked childcare households
The concept of "linked childcare households" was brought forward from previous regulations. It was separate from "linked households".
A household with at least one child aged 13 or under could link with another household providing informal childcareШаблон:Sfnp (formal childcare, for example by a childminder, was excluded).Шаблон:Sfnp Only one linked childcare household was permitted at any one time, and all adults in both households had to agree.Шаблон:Sfnp Changes to the linking were allowed subject to a minimum 14 day period (reduced to 10 days from 14 December 2020)Шаблон:Sfnp between the final meeting of the former linked childcare households and the first meeting of the new.Шаблон:Sfnp
Linked Christmas households
As originally made, the regulations provided for more relaxed Christmas rules on gatherings during the 'Christmas period', defined as 23–27 December 2020,Шаблон:SfnpШаблон:SfnpШаблон:Sfnp but three days before they were due to enter into effect SI 1611 altered the definition and restricted the Christmas period to 25 December only.Шаблон:Sfnp The amended Christmas rules given below applied to tiers 1 to 3 only; there were no special Christmas arrangements in tier 4.
The Christmas rules introduced a new concept of "linked Christmas households", separate from "linked households" and 'linked childcare households".
One or more members of one household could form a linked Christmas household with one or more members of no more than two other households from a tier 1, 2 or 3 area, regardless of size, to form a linked Christmas household for the purpose of gathering during the Christmas 2020 period, if all people to be linked agreed.Шаблон:Sfnp Two households that were already linked households counted as one household for this purpose.Шаблон:Sfnp A person could be a member of only one linked Christmas household, except that a child who did not live in the same household as both parents could be a member of a linked Christmas household formed by each parent.Шаблон:Sfnp There was a special exception for higher education students on vacation.Шаблон:Sfnp
Linked Christmas households were exempted from some of the restrictions on gatherings on 25 December. During that period, gatherings of no more than three linked Christmas households were permitted provided that they took place in a private dwelling, a place of worship or a public outdoor place (defined as anywhere the public are admitted free of charge, as well as outdoor sports grounds, botanical gardens, gardens or grounds of a castle, stately home, historic house or other heritage site, but excluding fairgrounds and funfairs). Attendees could also travel together, as gatherings in conveyances were permitted.Шаблон:SfnpШаблон:SfnpШаблон:Sfnp
A Christmas gathering could extend beyond the Christmas period (25 December)Шаблон:Sfnp in the event that an attendee could not return home due to unforeseen travel disruption.Шаблон:Sfnp
These Christmas-specific rules were revoked on 19 January 2021.Шаблон:Sfnp
Declaration on leaving the United Kingdom
On 8 March 2021, SI 2021/247 introduced a new requirement for travellers leaving the United Kingdom to have with them a completed travel declaration form when they arrived at an embarkation point. On the form, the traveller had to give a variety of personal details, to state the reason for being away from home, and to certify that the information provided was true.Шаблон:Sfnp Anyone who failed to complete a form and who did not do so when directed by an authorised person could be required to return home or leave the embarkation point without departing from the UK.Шаблон:Sfnp Failure to comply was an offence.Шаблон:Sfnp The regulations provided a long list of travellers who were exempt, including diplomats, essential government workers, transit passengers, hauliers, seamen, aircraft crews and channel tunnel workers.Шаблон:Sfnp
Reviews and expiry
The Secretary of State had to review the need for the restrictions every 28 days, and also the applicability of the tier areas every 14 days.Шаблон:SfnpШаблон:Sfnp
The regulations were originally stated to expire at the end of 2 February 2021,Шаблон:Sfnp later moved to 31 March 2021.Шаблон:Sfnp They were ultimately repealed on 29 March 2021 and replaced by The Health Protection (Coronavirus, Restrictions) (Steps) (England) Regulations 2021.
Enforcement
Breaches of the regulations were offences and could be prosecuted or dealt with by fixed penalty notices with penalties ranging up to £10,000 for repeated violations.Шаблон:Sfnp
Inconsistency in application by government officials
British government staff Christmas parties controversy
Шаблон:Main In December 2021, it was reported that a number of social gatherings of United Kingdom government staff had occurred in the run-up to Christmas during the period when the restrictions detailed above were in force. The government denied any rules were broken but commenced an investigation into whether any breaches of the rules had occurred.[11]
Inconsistencies regarding application of exercise rules
The regulations did not define what constitutes exercise, nor how far an individual could travel to in order to undertake exercise. Government guidelines stated that individuals should exercise in their "local area", but there was no such requirement in the regulations. Similarly, the guidelines stated that exercise "should be limited to once per day", but the regulations did not require or even mention such a thing.[12]
On 6 January 2021 fixed penalty notices were handed to two women by Derbyshire Police, reportedly for travelling Шаблон:Convert to go for a walk.[13] The police force subsequently stated that it was reviewing the action based on new national guidelines,[14] but issuance of the notices was nevertheless supported by the health secretary, Matt Hancock.[15] This led to calls for greater clarity as to what travel was legally permitted for the purpose of exercise.[12][16] Four days later it was announced that the notices had been revoked and that Derbyshire Police had apologised to the women.[17]
It was reported that on 10 January 2021 Boris Johnson had been seen cycling in the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park, Шаблон:Convert from Downing Street.[18] Metropolitan Police Commissioner Dame Cressida Dick stated that the trip had not been "against the law - that's for sure"[19] but called for greater clarity in the regulations.[20][21]
Summary of main changes, by date
This chronological table lists the main changes to the second tier regulations.
| SI | In effect | Main changes | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1533 | 16 Dec 2020 | All London boroughs and the City of London, Essex (except Colchester, Tendring and Uttlesford districts) and the Hertfordshire districts of Broxbourne, Hertsmere, Three Rivers and Watford were moved up from tier 2 to tier 3. | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| 1572 | 19 Dec 2020 | The counties of Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire, the rest of Berkshire, the Cambridgeshire district of Peterborough, the rest of Hertfordshire, Surrey (except Waverley district), the East Sussex districts of Hastings and Rother and the Hampshire districts of Gosport, Havant and Portsmouth moved up to tier 3. Bristol county and North Somerset district moved down to tier 2. Herefordshsire moved down to tier 1. | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| 1611 | 20 Dec 2020 | The counties of Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Berkshire, the Cambridgeshire district of Peterborough, Essex (except Colchester, Tendring and Uttlesford districts), Hertfordshire, Kent, Surrey (except Waverley district), the East Sussex districts of Hastings and Rother, the Hampshire districts of Gosport, Havant and Portsmouth, all London boroughs and the City of London moved up to a newly created tier 4. | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| 1646 | 26 Dec 2020 | The rest of Cambridgeshire, the rest of Essex, the rest of Hampshire (except New Forest district), Norfolk, Oxfordshire, Suffolk, the Surrey district of Waverley and the rest of Sussex moved up to tier 4.
The counties of Bristol, Cheshire (apart from Halton district), the rest of Gloucestershire, the rest of Somerset (except Bath and North East Somerset), Northamptonshire, the Wiltshire district of Swindon, the Isle of Wight, the Hampshire district of New Forest moved up to tier 3. Cornwall (except the Isles of Scilly) and Herefordshire moved up to tier 2. |
[22][23] |
| 1654 | 31 Dec 2020 | The counties of Cheshire (apart from Halton district), Cumbria, Derbyshire, Durham, Gloucestershire (except South Gloucestershire district), Isle of Wight, Greater Manchester, Lancashire, Leicestershire, Lincolnshire, Northamptonshire, Northumberland, Nottinghamshire, Somerset (except Bath and Borth East Somerset and North Somerset district), Staffordshire, Tyne and Wear, Warwickshire, West Midlands, the Wiltshire district of Swindon, the Dorset district of Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole, the Hampshire district of New Forest, the Stockton-on-Tees district moved up to tier 4.
The counties of Cornwall (except the Isles of Scilly), Devon, Dorset (except Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole district), Herefordshire, Merseyside, North Yorkshire (except Stockton-on-Tees district), Rutland, Shropshire, Wiltshire (except Swindon district), Worcestershire, and the Somerset district of Bath and North East Somerset moved up to tier 3. |
[24] |
| 8 | 6 Jan 2021 | All areas of England moved into a stricter tier 4; expiry date moved from 2 Feb to 31 March; no longer allowed to meet with one other person for 'recreation' in an outdoor public place; children's outdoor sports gatherings no longer allowed; outdoor zoos and wildlife attractions closed again; hospitality venues can no longer sell takeaway alcohol; various new business closures. | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| 53 | 20 Jan 2021 | Spent Christmas rules revoked; minor amendments and corrections. | |
| 97 | 29 Jan 2021 | Fines for attending gatherings of more than 15 attendees in private dwellings or educational accommodation, or indoor raves of more than 15 attendees, increased to range from £400 to £6,400. Other minor amendments and corrections. | Шаблон:Sfnp |
| 247 | 8 Mar 2021 | Added requirement for people leaving the UK to fill in a travel declaration form; added new exception to allow people to leave home to meet one other person for recreation in a public outdoor space, and also for election purposes. Allowed students to leave their student household for one vacation visit to be taken before 29 April. | Шаблон:Sfnp |
Local authority areas in each tier, by date
This table lists the dates during which specific areas fell within each tier.
References
Bibliography
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
External links
- Guidance: Local restriction tiers: what you need to know – Department of Health and Social Care, 30 November 2020, updated 19 December
- Guidance: Closing certain businesses and venues in England – Cabinet Office, updated 24 December 2020
- Guidance: National lockdown – Cabinet office, 4 January 2021, updated 8 March
- Guidance: Children of critical workers and vulnerable children who can access schools or educational settings – referred to as "the relevant guidance" in SI 8 (2021) – Department for Education, updated 5 January 2021
Data
- Original tiers
- 10 December (week 26 November-2 December) East Midlands, East of England, London, North East, North West, South East, South West, West Midlands, Yorkshire and the Humber
- 17 December (for tiers as of 19 December) East Midlands, East of England, London, North East, North West, South East, South West, West Midlands, Yorkshire and the Humber
- 23 December (for tiers as of 26 December) East Midlands, East of England, London, North East, North West, South East, South West, West Midlands, Yorkshire and the Humber
- 30 December (week 17 December-23 December, for tiers as of 31 December) East Midlands, East of England, London, North East, North West, South East, South West, West Midlands, Yorkshire and the Humber
Шаблон:COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom, Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web (2:40
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 12,0 12,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ BBC News https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-55428017
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
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