Английская Википедия:Heinz Hackler
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox military person
Heinrich "Heinz" Hackler (14 December 1918 – 1 January 1945) was a German Luftwaffe fighter ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership. Heinz Hackler was listed as missing in action near Antwerp, Belgium after being hit by Allied flak during Operation Bodenplatte. Heinz Hackler was credited with 56 aerial victories.
Career
Hackler was born on 14 December 1918 in Siegen, at the time in the Province of Westphalia of the Weimar Republic. Following flight training,Шаблон:Refn he was posted to the 8. Staffel (8th squadron) of Jagdgeschwader 77 (JG 77—77th Fighter Wing) in early 1941.Шаблон:Sfn At the time, 8. Staffel was commanded by Oberleutnant Kurt Ubben. The Staffel was subordinated to III. Gruppe (3rd group) of JG 77 which was headed by Major Alexander von Winterfeldt.Шаблон:Sfn In preparation for Operation Marita, the German invasion of Greece, III. Gruppe of JG 77 was moved to Deta in western Romania on 4 April 1941 and to Korinos on 19 April. That day, Hackler claimed his first aerial victory when he shot down a Hawker Hurricane fighter near Larissa.Шаблон:Sfn
Eastern Front
In preparation for Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union, III. Gruppe was moved to Bucharest and was located in the sector of Heeresgruppe Süd (Army Group South). III. Gruppe arrived in Bucharest on 16 June.Шаблон:Sfn Four days later, III. Gruppe moved to Roman.Шаблон:Sfn
On 25 September 1941, Hackler claimed his fifth aerial victory, a Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-3 fighter in the combat area near Perekop.Шаблон:Sfn The next day, he became an "ace-in-a-day" claiming his aerial victories six through ten. Hackler was credited with shooting down two Polikarpov I-16 fighters, two Ilyushin Il-2 ground attack aircraft and a Petlyakov Pe-2 bomber.Шаблон:Sfn During the fighting along the Isthmus of Perekop on 29 September, Hackler claimed a MiG-3 fighter shot down.Шаблон:Sfn On 15 October, while the 11th Army was preparing for the attack on the Crimea Peninsula in what would become the Crimean campaign, Hackler shot down a Pe-2 bomber on mission to Armiansk and Ishun, located approximately Шаблон:Convert southeast of Krasnoperekopsk.Шаблон:Sfn The next day, he claimed two I-16 fighters in the same combat area.Шаблон:Sfn By 27 October, the fighting has moved to the combat area south of Perekop. That day, Hackler claimed a Polikarpov I-15 and I-16 fighter.Шаблон:Sfn
Mediterranean Theater and Romania
On 23 October 1942, the British Eighth Army launched the Second Battle of El Alamein. Preceding this attack, the Luftwaffe had already planned to replace Jagdgeschwader 27 (JG 27—27th Fighter Wing), which had been fighting in North African theater, with JG 77.Шаблон:Sfn In preparation for this rotation, III. Gruppe of JG 77 was moved to Munich on 19 October where it was equipped with the Bf 109 G-2/trop. On 23 and 24 October, the Gruppe moved to Bari in southern Italy.Шаблон:Sfn The Gruppe then relocated to Tobruk Airfield on 26 October.Шаблон:Sfn The following day, the Gruppe moved to an airfield at Tanyet-Harun.Шаблон:Sfn
On 1 July 1944, Hackler was appointed Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 8. Staffel (8th squadron) of JG 77. He succeeded Leutnant Wilhelm Mockel who had temporarily replaced Hauptmann Helmut Goedert after he had been wounded in combat on 31 May.Шаблон:Sfn As part of the group expansion from three Staffeln per Gruppe to four Staffeln per Gruppe, Hackler's 8. Staffel was re-designated and became the 11. Staffel of JG 77 on 15 August.Шаблон:Sfn
Summary of career
Aerial victory claims
According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Hackler was credited with 56 aerial victories.Шаблон:Sfn Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces – Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and state that Hackler was credited with 37 aerial victories plus further four unconfirmed claims. This figure includes 24 claims made on the Eastern Front and 13 on the Western Front, including at least five four-engined bombers.Шаблон:Sfn
Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 5659". The Luftwaffe grid map (Шаблон:Lang) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about Шаблон:Convert. These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area Шаблон:Convert in size.Шаблон:Sfn
Chronicle of aerial victories | |||||||||||
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Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Legend | |||||||||||
Claim! | Claim# | Date | Time | Type | Location | Claim! | Claim# | Date | Time | Type | Location |
– 8. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 77 – Balkans and Crete — 1 April – 1 June 1941 | |||||||||||
1 | 19 April 1941 | 11:20 | Hurricane | Шаблон:Convert north of LamiaШаблон:Sfn | |||||||
– 8. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn Operation Barbarossa — 22 June – 5 December 1941 | |||||||||||
2 | 1 | 22 June 1941 | 19:03 | I-16Шаблон:Sfn | 3 | 2 | 8 July 1941 | 18:25 | DB-3Шаблон:Sfn | ||
According to Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike and Bock, Hackler claimed his fourth aerial victory in late August 1941.Шаблон:Sfn This claim is not listed by Mathews and Foreman.Шаблон:Sfn | |||||||||||
5 | 25 September 1941 | Шаблон:Center | MiG-3Шаблон:Sfn | 11 | 29 September 1941 | 17:13 | MiG-3Шаблон:Sfn | ||||
6♠ | 26 September 1941 | Шаблон:Center | I-16Шаблон:Sfn | 12 | 7 | 15 October 1941 | 09:33 | Pe-2Шаблон:Sfn | |||
7♠ | 3 | 26 September 1941 | 11:26 | V-11 (Il-2)Шаблон:Sfn | 13 | 16 October 1941 | Шаблон:Center | I-16Шаблон:Sfn | |||
8♠ | 4 | 26 September 1941 | 11:29 | V-11 (Il-2)Шаблон:Sfn | 14 | 16 October 1941 | Шаблон:Center | I-16Шаблон:Sfn | |||
9♠ | 5 | 26 September 1941 | 13:58 | Pe-2Шаблон:Sfn | 15 | 8 | 27 October 1941 | 12:38 | I-15Шаблон:Sfn | ||
10♠ | 6 | 26 September 1941 | 16:02 | I-16Шаблон:Sfn | 16 | 9 | 27 October 1941 | 12:50 | I-16Шаблон:Sfn | ||
– 8. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn Eastern Front — 6 December 1941 – 20 March 1942 | |||||||||||
10 | 5 January 1942 | 11:35 | I-153 | 22 | 5 March 1942 | 09:40 | MiG-3Шаблон:Sfn | ||||
17 | 6 January 1942 | 11:35 | I-153Шаблон:Sfn | 23 | 12 | 5 March 1942 | 17:03 | I-16Шаблон:Sfn | |||
18 | Шаблон:Center | 10 January 1942 | Шаблон:Center | DB-3Шаблон:Sfn | 13 | 15 March 1942 | 10:50 | I-153 | |||
19 | Шаблон:Center | 10 January 1942 | Шаблон:Center | DB-3Шаблон:Sfn | 14 | 15 March 1942 | 10:55 | I-153 | |||
20 | Шаблон:Center | 10 January 1942 | Шаблон:Center | DB-3Шаблон:Sfn | 24 | 15 | 17 March 1942 | 10:15 | I-153 | PQ 5659Шаблон:Sfn | |
21 | 11 | 23 February 1942 | 11:05 | I-153Шаблон:Sfn | |||||||
– 8. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn Eastern Front — April – June 1942 | |||||||||||
16 | 19 April 1942 | 11:20 | Hurricane | 17 | 11 June 1942 | 12:47 | Il-2 | ||||
– Stab of III. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn Eastern Front — 1 May – 16 October 1942 | |||||||||||
18 | 2 July 1942 | 14:40 | Il-2 | PQ 66561Шаблон:Sfn | 20 | 15 July 1942 | 09:03 | I-153Шаблон:Sfn | |||
19 | 2 July 1942 | 14:46 | Il-2Шаблон:Sfn | 21 | 12 September 1942 | 14:02 | LaGG-3 | PQ 10182Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Sloboda | |||
According to Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike and Bock, Hackler claimed nine aerial victories in May/July while serving with the Stab of JG 77.Шаблон:Sfn | |||||||||||
22 | 21 September 1942 | 11:18 | Pe-2 | 39 | 4 October 1942 | Шаблон:Center | Yak-1Шаблон:Sfn | ||||
38 | 23 | 30 September 1942 | 11:46 | Yak-1 | PQ 00263Шаблон:Sfn | ||||||
– Stab III. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn Mediterranean Theater, North Africa — 26 October – 31 December 1942 | |||||||||||
41 | 3 November 1942 | Шаблон:Center | P-40Шаблон:Sfn | 25 | 18 November 1942 | 12:37 | P-40 | Шаблон:Convert northeast of Sidi Ahmed el-MagrunШаблон:Sfn | |||
42 | 24 | 9 November 1942 | 14:46 | P-40 | Шаблон:Convert east of SallumШаблон:Sfn | ||||||
– Stab III. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn Mediterranean Theater, North Africa — January 1943 | |||||||||||
45 | 18 January 1943 | 14:22 | P-38 | PQ 13 Ost 52312, ZarzurШаблон:Sfn | |||||||
– 8. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn Mediterranean Theater, North Africa — February – May 1943 | |||||||||||
Шаблон:Center | 4 February 1943 | Шаблон:Center | P-38Шаблон:Sfn | 48 | 28 | 11 April 1943 | 11:38 | Spitfire | PQ 03 Ost 97271, west of TebourbaШаблон:Sfn | ||
Шаблон:Center | 2 March 1943 | Шаблон:Center | P-40Шаблон:Sfn | Шаблон:Center | 25 April 1943 | Шаблон:Center | P-40Шаблон:Sfn | ||||
Шаблон:Center | 4 March 1943 | Шаблон:Center | P-40Шаблон:Sfn | Шаблон:Center | 4 May 1943 | Шаблон:Center | SpitfireШаблон:Sfn | ||||
46 | 26 | 15 March 1943 | 14:48 | P-38 | Шаблон:Convert west of GafsaШаблон:Sfn | 49 | 29 | 7 May 1943 | 15:22 | SpitfireШаблон:Sfn | PQ 03 Ost 97271, west of TebourbaШаблон:Sfn |
47 | 27 | 29 March 1943 | 19:10 | P-40 | Шаблон:Convert south of MeknassyШаблон:Sfn | ||||||
– 8. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn Mediterranean Theater, Italy — June – 25 October 1943 | |||||||||||
50 | 30 | 18 June 1943 | 10:14 | B-25 | PQ 04 Ost 9275, northwest of OlbiaШаблон:Sfn | Шаблон:Center | Шаблон:Center | 24 June 1943 | Шаблон:Center | P-38Шаблон:Sfn | |
Шаблон:Center | 23 June 1943 | Шаблон:Center | P-38Шаблон:Sfn | Шаблон:Center | 7 August 1943 | Шаблон:Center | BeaufighterШаблон:Sfn | ||||
– 8. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn Mediterranean Theater, Italy — 1 January – 15 August 1944 | |||||||||||
51 | 31 | 5 April 1944 | 14:35 | B-24 | PQ 24 Ost 55126Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east-northeast of Pitești |
53 | 34 | 18 May 1944 | 11:17 | B-17* | PQ 24 Ost 55738Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Bucharest |
32 | 24 April 1944 | 12:04 | B-17 | Romania | 54 | 35 | 31 May 1944 | 09:58 | B-24* | PQ 24 Ost 5527Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Bucharest | |
52 | 33 | 5 May 1944 | 14:15 | B-24 | PQ 24 Ost 4417Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Caracal |
55 | 36 | 3 July 1944 | 12:20 | P-51 | PQ 24 Ost 6582Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Bucharest |
– 11. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn Mediterranean Theater, Italy — 15 August – 15 September 1944 | |||||||||||
56 | 37 | 23 August 1944 | 08:08 | Yak-9 | PQ 24 Ost 7743Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northwest of Huși |
Awards
- Honour Goblet of the Luftwaffe on 26 July 1943 as Feldwebel and pilotШаблон:Sfn
- German Cross in Gold on 17 May 1943 as Oberfeldwebel in the III./Jagdgeschwader 77Шаблон:Sfn
- Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 19 August 1944 as Fahnenjunker-Oberfeldwebel and pilot in the III./Jagdgeschwader 77Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
Notes
References
Citations
Bibliography
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