Английская Википедия:Heinz Hackler

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox military person

Heinrich "Heinz" Hackler (14 December 1918 – 1 January 1945) was a German Luftwaffe fighter ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership. Heinz Hackler was listed as missing in action near Antwerp, Belgium after being hit by Allied flak during Operation Bodenplatte. Heinz Hackler was credited with 56 aerial victories.

Career

Hackler was born on 14 December 1918 in Siegen, at the time in the Province of Westphalia of the Weimar Republic. Following flight training,Шаблон:Refn he was posted to the 8. Staffel (8th squadron) of Jagdgeschwader 77 (JG 77—77th Fighter Wing) in early 1941.Шаблон:Sfn At the time, 8. Staffel was commanded by Oberleutnant Kurt Ubben. The Staffel was subordinated to III. Gruppe (3rd group) of JG 77 which was headed by Major Alexander von Winterfeldt.Шаблон:Sfn In preparation for Operation Marita, the German invasion of Greece, III. Gruppe of JG 77 was moved to Deta in western Romania on 4 April 1941 and to Korinos on 19 April. That day, Hackler claimed his first aerial victory when he shot down a Hawker Hurricane fighter near Larissa.Шаблон:Sfn

Eastern Front

In preparation for Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union, III. Gruppe was moved to Bucharest and was located in the sector of Heeresgruppe Süd (Army Group South). III. Gruppe arrived in Bucharest on 16 June.Шаблон:Sfn Four days later, III. Gruppe moved to Roman.Шаблон:Sfn

On 25 September 1941, Hackler claimed his fifth aerial victory, a Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-3 fighter in the combat area near Perekop.Шаблон:Sfn The next day, he became an "ace-in-a-day" claiming his aerial victories six through ten. Hackler was credited with shooting down two Polikarpov I-16 fighters, two Ilyushin Il-2 ground attack aircraft and a Petlyakov Pe-2 bomber.Шаблон:Sfn During the fighting along the Isthmus of Perekop on 29 September, Hackler claimed a MiG-3 fighter shot down.Шаблон:Sfn On 15 October, while the 11th Army was preparing for the attack on the Crimea Peninsula in what would become the Crimean campaign, Hackler shot down a Pe-2 bomber on mission to Armiansk and Ishun, located approximately Шаблон:Convert southeast of Krasnoperekopsk.Шаблон:Sfn The next day, he claimed two I-16 fighters in the same combat area.Шаблон:Sfn By 27 October, the fighting has moved to the combat area south of Perekop. That day, Hackler claimed a Polikarpov I-15 and I-16 fighter.Шаблон:Sfn

Mediterranean Theater and Romania

Файл:Deutscher Soldatenfriedhof - Heinrich Hackler.jpg
German War Cemetery Ysselsteyn - Heinrich Hackler

On 23 October 1942, the British Eighth Army launched the Second Battle of El Alamein. Preceding this attack, the Luftwaffe had already planned to replace Jagdgeschwader 27 (JG 27—27th Fighter Wing), which had been fighting in North African theater, with JG 77.Шаблон:Sfn In preparation for this rotation, III. Gruppe of JG 77 was moved to Munich on 19 October where it was equipped with the Bf 109 G-2/trop. On 23 and 24 October, the Gruppe moved to Bari in southern Italy.Шаблон:Sfn The Gruppe then relocated to Tobruk Airfield on 26 October.Шаблон:Sfn The following day, the Gruppe moved to an airfield at Tanyet-Harun.Шаблон:Sfn

On 1 July 1944, Hackler was appointed Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 8. Staffel (8th squadron) of JG 77. He succeeded Leutnant Wilhelm Mockel who had temporarily replaced Hauptmann Helmut Goedert after he had been wounded in combat on 31 May.Шаблон:Sfn As part of the group expansion from three Staffeln per Gruppe to four Staffeln per Gruppe, Hackler's 8. Staffel was re-designated and became the 11. Staffel of JG 77 on 15 August.Шаблон:Sfn

Summary of career

Aerial victory claims

According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Hackler was credited with 56 aerial victories.Шаблон:Sfn Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces – Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and state that Hackler was credited with 37 aerial victories plus further four unconfirmed claims. This figure includes 24 claims made on the Eastern Front and 13 on the Western Front, including at least five four-engined bombers.Шаблон:Sfn

Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 5659". The Luftwaffe grid map (Шаблон:Lang) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about Шаблон:Convert. These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area Шаблон:Convert in size.Шаблон:Sfn

Chronicle of aerial victories

Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Legend

Claim! Claim# Date Time Type Location Claim! Claim# Date Time Type Location
– 8. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 77 –
Balkans and Crete — 1 April – 1 June 1941
1 19 April 1941 11:20 Hurricane Шаблон:Convert north of LamiaШаблон:Sfn
– 8. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn
Operation Barbarossa — 22 June – 5 December 1941
2 1 22 June 1941 19:03 I-16Шаблон:Sfn 3 2 8 July 1941 18:25 DB-3Шаблон:Sfn
According to Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike and Bock, Hackler claimed his fourth aerial victory in late August 1941.Шаблон:Sfn This claim is not listed by Mathews and Foreman.Шаблон:Sfn
5 25 September 1941 Шаблон:Center MiG-3Шаблон:Sfn 11 29 September 1941 17:13 MiG-3Шаблон:Sfn
6♠ 26 September 1941 Шаблон:Center I-16Шаблон:Sfn 12 7 15 October 1941 09:33 Pe-2Шаблон:Sfn
7♠ 3 26 September 1941 11:26 V-11 (Il-2)Шаблон:Sfn 13 16 October 1941 Шаблон:Center I-16Шаблон:Sfn
8♠ 4 26 September 1941 11:29 V-11 (Il-2)Шаблон:Sfn 14 16 October 1941 Шаблон:Center I-16Шаблон:Sfn
9♠ 5 26 September 1941 13:58 Pe-2Шаблон:Sfn 15 8 27 October 1941 12:38 I-15Шаблон:Sfn
10♠ 6 26 September 1941 16:02 I-16Шаблон:Sfn 16 9 27 October 1941 12:50 I-16Шаблон:Sfn
– 8. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn
Eastern Front — 6 December 1941 – 20 March 1942
10 5 January 1942 11:35 I-153 22 5 March 1942 09:40 MiG-3Шаблон:Sfn
17 6 January 1942 11:35 I-153Шаблон:Sfn 23 12 5 March 1942 17:03 I-16Шаблон:Sfn
18 Шаблон:Center 10 January 1942 Шаблон:Center DB-3Шаблон:Sfn 13 15 March 1942 10:50 I-153
19 Шаблон:Center 10 January 1942 Шаблон:Center DB-3Шаблон:Sfn 14 15 March 1942 10:55 I-153
20 Шаблон:Center 10 January 1942 Шаблон:Center DB-3Шаблон:Sfn 24 15 17 March 1942 10:15 I-153 PQ 5659Шаблон:Sfn
21 11 23 February 1942 11:05 I-153Шаблон:Sfn
– 8. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn
Eastern Front — April – June 1942
16 19 April 1942 11:20 Hurricane 17 11 June 1942 12:47 Il-2
Stab of III. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn
Eastern Front — 1 May – 16 October 1942
18 2 July 1942 14:40 Il-2 PQ 66561Шаблон:Sfn 20 15 July 1942 09:03 I-153Шаблон:Sfn
19 2 July 1942 14:46 Il-2Шаблон:Sfn 21 12 September 1942 14:02 LaGG-3 PQ 10182Шаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert southeast of Sloboda
According to Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike and Bock, Hackler claimed nine aerial victories in May/July while serving with the Stab of JG 77.Шаблон:Sfn
22 21 September 1942 11:18 Pe-2 39 4 October 1942 Шаблон:Center Yak-1Шаблон:Sfn
38 23 30 September 1942 11:46 Yak-1 PQ 00263Шаблон:Sfn
Stab III. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn
Mediterranean Theater, North Africa — 26 October – 31 December 1942
41 3 November 1942 Шаблон:Center P-40Шаблон:Sfn 25 18 November 1942 12:37 P-40 Шаблон:Convert northeast of Sidi Ahmed el-MagrunШаблон:Sfn
42 24 9 November 1942 14:46 P-40 Шаблон:Convert east of SallumШаблон:Sfn
Stab III. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn
Mediterranean Theater, North Africa — January 1943
45 18 January 1943 14:22 P-38 PQ 13 Ost 52312, ZarzurШаблон:Sfn
– 8. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn
Mediterranean Theater, North Africa — February – May 1943
Шаблон:Center 4 February 1943 Шаблон:Center P-38Шаблон:Sfn 48 28 11 April 1943 11:38 Spitfire PQ 03 Ost 97271, west of TebourbaШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Center 2 March 1943 Шаблон:Center P-40Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Center 25 April 1943 Шаблон:Center P-40Шаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Center 4 March 1943 Шаблон:Center P-40Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Center 4 May 1943 Шаблон:Center SpitfireШаблон:Sfn
46 26 15 March 1943 14:48 P-38 Шаблон:Convert west of GafsaШаблон:Sfn 49 29 7 May 1943 15:22 SpitfireШаблон:Sfn PQ 03 Ost 97271, west of TebourbaШаблон:Sfn
47 27 29 March 1943 19:10 P-40 Шаблон:Convert south of MeknassyШаблон:Sfn
– 8. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn
Mediterranean Theater, Italy — June – 25 October 1943
50 30 18 June 1943 10:14 B-25 PQ 04 Ost 9275, northwest of OlbiaШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Center Шаблон:Center 24 June 1943 Шаблон:Center P-38Шаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Center 23 June 1943 Шаблон:Center P-38Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Center 7 August 1943 Шаблон:Center BeaufighterШаблон:Sfn
– 8. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn
Mediterranean Theater, Italy — 1 January – 15 August 1944
51 31 5 April 1944 14:35 B-24 PQ 24 Ost 55126Шаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert east-northeast of Pitești
53 34 18 May 1944 11:17 B-17* PQ 24 Ost 55738Шаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert southwest of Bucharest
32 24 April 1944 12:04 B-17 Romania 54 35 31 May 1944 09:58 B-24* PQ 24 Ost 5527Шаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert southwest of Bucharest
52 33 5 May 1944 14:15 B-24 PQ 24 Ost 4417Шаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert southwest of Caracal
55 36 3 July 1944 12:20 P-51 PQ 24 Ost 6582Шаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert southwest of Bucharest
– 11. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 77 –Шаблон:Sfn
Mediterranean Theater, Italy — 15 August – 15 September 1944
56 37 23 August 1944 08:08 Yak-9 PQ 24 Ost 7743Шаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert northwest of Huși

Awards

Notes

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References

Citations

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Bibliography

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