Английская Википедия:Heinz Sachsenberg
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox military person Heinz Wimmersal Sachsenberg (12 July 1922 – 17 June 1951) was a German World War II fighter ace who served in the Luftwaffe. He was also a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, the highest award in the military and paramilitary forces of Nazi Germany during World War II. Sachsenberg claimed 104 aerial victories.
Early life
Sachsenberg was born on 12 July 1922 in Dessau. "Heino", also called "Wimmersaal" by his comrades, was the nephew of Gotthard Sachsenberg, a World War I fighter pilot and recipient of the Pour le Mérite. He had a brother also named Gotthard, who also served in the Luftwaffe, and was killed in action on 8 March 1944 during a night fighter mission.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
Flying on the Eastern Front
After flight training he was assigned, as a Feldwebel, to Jagdgeschwader 52 (JG 52—52nd Fighter Wing) in the fall of 1942. He was sent to the Eastern Front in late 1942 and was assigned to 6. Staffel (6th squadron) of JG 52.[Note 1] At the time, 6. Staffel was commanded by Oberleutnant Rudolf Resch and was subordinated to II. Gruppe (2nd group) of JG 52 und the leadership of Hauptmann Johannes Steinhoff.Шаблон:Sfn On 21 April 1943, Sachsenberg claimed his first aerial victory, shooting down an Ilyushin Il-2 ground attack aircraft Шаблон:Convert southwest of Novorossiysk.Шаблон:Sfn On 5 May, Sachsenberg was shot down in his Messerschmitt Bf 109 G-4, (Werknummer 14956—factory number) by a Supermarine Spitfire in combat Шаблон:Convert northeast of Anapa.Шаблон:Sfn
By the end of July 1943, he had shot down 22 enemy airplanes in heavy air combat over the Kuban bridgehead. His unit was then transferred to cover the retreat from the southern Kursk salient where he scored a further 16 victories. After a spell of leave from September to November due to overstress (when he was also awarded the German Cross in Gold (Шаблон:Lang) and Honor Goblet of the Luftwaffe (Шаблон:Lang), he returned to the Crimea and the intense air-battles over the Kerch Straits.
After 76 victories, and on leave, Sachsenberg was recommended for the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (Шаблон:Lang) in March 1944. Upon returning to the Crimea at the beginning of May, he shot down 25 aircraft in just a month including six aircraft on 7 May, making him an "ace-in-a-day" for the first time.Шаблон:Sfn On 31 May, over Iași, in the battles for Romania, he claimed four victories (89-92v.) and five more were claimed on 8 June 1944, bringing his total to 101 air victories. He was the 76th Luftwaffe pilot to achieve the century mark.Шаблон:Sfn Fahnenjunker-Feldwebel Sachsenberg was awarded the Knight's Cross on 9 June 1944. Returning from leave, his unit was then transferred to cover the Ploiești oilfields in Romania. On 23 August 1944, he was seriously wounded during an air battle with United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) North American P-51 Mustang fighters, resulting in a forced landing of his Bf 109 G-6, (Werknummer 166233) "Yellow 1".Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Promoted to Leutnant, he claimed his final victories over Hungary, including a USAAF P-51 and a Soviet Bell P-39 Airacobra.Шаблон:Sfn
The Sachsenberg Schwarm
In 1945, he transferred briefly to jet fighters in Jagdgeschwader 7 (JG 7—7th Fighter Wing) as Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 9. Staffel of JG 7, but in April 1945 he joined Jagdverband 44 (JV 44—44th Fighter Detachment) based at Munich-Riem. His task was to provide top cover for the Messerschmitt Me 262 jet fighters during takeoff and landing.Шаблон:Sfn Sachsenberg was assigned as Staffelkapitän of the Platzschutzstaffel or airfield-protection squadron, flying the Focke-Wulf Fw 190 D-9 fighter. As squadron commander, his particular aircraft was known as "Red 1". The inscription on his Fw 190 D-9 was "Verkaaft's mei Gwand I foahr in Himmel!" meaning "Sell my clothes I'm going to heaven" in a Bavarian dialect.Шаблон:Sfn The Me 262 jet was vulnerable to strafing attacks during takeoff and landing. Generalleutnant Adolf Galland, the commanding officer of JV 44, ordered the formation of the Platzschutzstaffel. Already in 1944, III. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 54 (JG 54—54th Fighter Wing), flying the Fw 190 D, had provided fighter protection to Kommando Nowotny, the first experimental Me 262 jet fighter unit.Шаблон:Sfn
The aircraft in the protection squadron were painted red on their underbelly with prominent white stripes to help in their identification by ground crews.Шаблон:Sfn The legend of the Papagei Staffel (parrot squadron) was born (the name was given after the war and is truly misleading as it was not used by the squadron itself). The decision to paint the aircraft in this manner was made by the pilots themselves, perhaps as result of the failed Operation Bodenplatte, where a number of German aircraft were lost to friendly fire.[Note 2]
The protection squadron was tasked with flying Start- und Landeschutz (Takeoff and landing cover). During takeoff and landing, the jets were very vulnerable to attacks by strafing Allied ground-attack airplanes, because their engines were not very responsive at those times and the jets could not accelerate and decelerate quickly. Thus to give additional protection besides the light and medium AA-guns around the airfields, parts of JG 52 and JG 54 were delegated to fly protective missions to cover the takeoff-and-landing phase of the 'Stormbirds'. JV 44 was a special case in that they had their own protection squadron.
After the war
He died on 17 June 1951 in Lich, following complications from wounds he received on 23 October 1944.Шаблон:Sfn
Quotations
"I don't trust anything without a Propeller at least." - Sachsenberg in reply to being asked why he didn't fly jet aircraft.
Summary of career
Aerial victory claims
According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Sachsenberg was credited with 104 aerial victories.Шаблон:Sfn Obermaier also lists Sachsenberg with 104 aerial victories, claimed in 520 combat missions, one on the Western Front and 103 on the Eastern Front. He was also credited with the destruction of one fast attack craft.Шаблон:Sfn Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and found records for 104 aerial victory claims, 103 aerial victories on the Eastern Front and one on the Western Front.Шаблон:Sfn
Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 34 Ost 7545". The Luftwaffe grid map (Шаблон:Lang) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about Шаблон:Convert. These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area Шаблон:Convert in size.Шаблон:Sfn
Chronicle of aerial victories | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Claim | Date | Time | Type | Location | Claim | Date | Time | Type | Location |
– 6. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –Шаблон:Sfn Eastern Front – 4 February – 31 December 1943 | |||||||||
1 | 21 April 1943 | 11:10 | Il-2 m.H.Шаблон:Refn | PQ 34 Ost 7545, Шаблон:Convert southwest of NovorossiyskШаблон:Sfn | 27 | 6 August 1943 | 10:50 | Yak-1 | PQ 35 Ost 61394, Шаблон:Convert southeast of BelgorodШаблон:Sfn |
2 | 8 May 1943 | 07:18 | P-39 | PQ 34 Ost 85142, Шаблон:Convert west of AbinskayaШаблон:Sfn | 28 | 6 August 1943 | 10:54 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] | PQ 35 Ost 61363, Шаблон:Convert south of PetylowkaШаблон:Sfn |
3 | 15 May 1943 | 09:50 | P-40 | PQ 34 Ost 85141, Шаблон:Convert south of KrymskayaШаблон:Sfn | 29 | 7 August 1943 | 18:30 | La-5 | PQ 35 Ost 60832, Шаблон:Convert northeast of PetrowkskajaШаблон:Sfn |
4 | 24 May 1943 | 10:04 | Yak-1 | PQ 34 Ost 75462, east of KabardinkaШаблон:Sfn | 30 | 8 August 1943 | 18:22 | Boston | Шаблон:Convert southwest of KrassnopawlowkaШаблон:Sfn |
5 | 26 May 1943 | 15:55 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] | PQ 34 Ost 76852, Шаблон:Convert northwest of VarenikovskayaШаблон:Sfn | 31 | 10 August 1943 | 13:34 | La-5 | PQ 35 Ost 71771, Шаблон:Convert northwest of SserdonkaШаблон:Sfn |
6 | 27 May 1943 | 11:50 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] | PQ 34 Ost 65241, Шаблон:Convert south of Scheljesny-RogШаблон:Sfn | 32 | 12 August 1943 | 05:35 | Yak-1 | PQ 35 Ost 41684, Шаблон:Convert southwest of AchtyrkaШаблон:Sfn |
7 | 29 May 1943 | 18:18 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] | PQ 34 Ost 75231, Шаблон:Convert northwest of KrymskayaШаблон:Sfn | 33 | 12 August 1943 | 10:50 | Yak-1 | PQ 35 Ost 51513, Шаблон:Convert northeast of AchtyrkaШаблон:Sfn |
8 | 29 May 1943 | 18:20?Шаблон:Refn | Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] | PQ 34 Ost 76892, Шаблон:Convert northeast of KijewskojeШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northeast of Krymsk |
34 | 12 August 1943 | 10:53 | Yak-1 | PQ 35 Ost 51373, Шаблон:Convert north of DernowojeШаблон:Sfn |
9 | 5 June 1943 | 11:32 | Yak-1 | PQ 34 Ost 85114, Шаблон:Convert north of AbinskajaШаблон:Sfn | Шаблон:CenterШаблон:Refn | 12 August 1943 | Шаблон:Center | Yak-1Шаблон:Sfn | |
10 | 5 June 1943 | 11:34 | Yak-1 | PQ 34 Ost 85112, Шаблон:Convert east of KrymskayaШаблон:Sfn | 35 | 17 August 1943 | 06:56 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] | PQ 35 Ost 41464, Шаблон:Convert south-southwest of BoromljaШаблон:Sfn |
11 | 6 June 1943 | 07:35 | La-5 | PQ 34 Ost 76894, Шаблон:Convert east of KijewskojeШаблон:Sfn | 36 | 17 August 1943 | 09:40 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] | PQ 35 Ost 51371, Шаблон:Convert east-northeast of BoromljaШаблон:Sfn |
12 | 6 June 1943 | 07:36 | La-5 | PQ 34 Ost 76894, Шаблон:Convert east of KijewskojeШаблон:Sfn | 37 | 19 August 1943 | 16:05 | Yak-1 | PQ 35 Ost 51593, Шаблон:Convert west of SewyschtschijШаблон:Sfn |
13 | 8 June 1943 | 09:27 | Yak-1 | PQ 34 Ost 76862, Шаблон:Convert northwest of Imeni-DimitrowaШаблон:Sfn | 38 | 21 August 1943 | 18:18 | La-5 | PQ 35 Ost 51593, Шаблон:Convert north of BohodukhivШаблон:Sfn |
14 | 11 June 1943 | 10:19 | Yak-1 | PQ 34 Ost 76684, Шаблон:Convert east of SswisteljnikowШаблон:Sfn | 39 | 19 November 1943 | 14:29 | Yak-1 | PQ 34 Ost 6664, Шаблон:Convert north of BakssyШаблон:Sfn |
15 | 13 June 1943 | 10:37 | La-5 | PQ 34 Ost 85144, Шаблон:Convert southwest of AbinskajaШаблон:Sfn | 40 | 20 November 1943 | 10:17 | Yak-1 | PQ 34 Ost 66677, Шаблон:Convert southwest of Cape KhroniШаблон:Sfn |
16 | 20 July 1943 | 15:05 | P-39 | PQ 34 Ost 75452, Шаблон:Convert south of NovorossijskШаблон:Sfn | 41 | 21 November 1943 | 09:48 | P-39 | PQ 34 Ost 66611, Шаблон:Convert northeast of BulganakШаблон:Sfn |
Шаблон:Center[Note 4] | 20 July 1943 | Шаблон:Center | P-39Шаблон:Sfn | 42 | 25 November 1943 | 08:59 | Yak-1 | PQ 34 Ost 66643, northeastern edge of KolonkaШаблон:Sfn | |
17 | 22 July 1943 | 08:15 | P-39 | PQ 34 Ost 76892, Шаблон:Convert northeast of KijewskojeШаблон:Sfn | 43 | 26 November 1943 | 13:59 | Yak-1 | PQ 34 Ost 66563, Шаблон:Convert southwest of KerchШаблон:Sfn |
18 | 26 July 1943 | 06:10 | Yak-1 | PQ 34 Ost 75363, Шаблон:Convert southwest of NoworossijskШаблон:Sfn Black Sea, southeast of Anapa |
44 | 28 November 1943 | 07:10 | Yak-1 | PQ 34 Ost 6685, Шаблон:Convert southeast of Cape TuslaШаблон:Sfn |
19 | 26 July 1943 | 06:20 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] | PQ 34 Ost 65293, Шаблон:Convert southwest of AnapaШаблон:Sfn | 45 | 4 December 1943 | 11:56 | Yak-1 | PQ 34 Ost 66673, Шаблон:Convert west of Kossa TuslaШаблон:Sfn |
20 | 26 July 1943 | 10:25 | Yak-1 | PQ 34 Ost 76882, Шаблон:Convert southeast of KesslerowaШаблон:Sfn | 46 | 5 December 1943 | 07:15 | Yak-1 | PQ 34 Ost 66813, Шаблон:Convert west of TamanШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west of Kossa Tusla |
21 | 26 July 1943 | 18:20 | Yak-1 | PQ 34 Ost 75262, Шаблон:Convert south of KrymskayaШаблон:Sfn | 47 | 5 December 1943 | 12:30 | P-39 | PQ 34 Ost 66841, Шаблон:Convert south of Kossa TuslaШаблон:Sfn |
22 | 30 July 1943 | 06:25 | Yak-1 | PQ 34 Ost 75234, Шаблон:Convert west of KrymskayaШаблон:Sfn | 48 | 6 December 1943 | 10:35 | MiG-3 | PQ 34 Ost 66842, Шаблон:Convert southwest of TamanШаблон:Sfn |
23 | 4 August 1943 | 11:12 | Yak-1 | PQ 35 Ost 61383, Шаблон:Convert southeast of OrlovkaШаблон:Sfn | 49 | 7 December 1943 | 14:50 | P-39 | PQ 34 Ost 66811, Шаблон:Convert west of TamanШаблон:Sfn |
24 | 4 August 1943 | 13:40 | La-5 | PQ 35 Ost 61363, Шаблон:Convert southeast of TomarovkaШаблон:Sfn | 50 | 7 December 1943 | 14:55 | P-39 | PQ 34 Ost 66812, Шаблон:Convert northwest of TamanШаблон:Sfn |
25 | 4 August 1943 | 13:47?Шаблон:Refn | La-5 | PQ 35 Ost 61271, Шаблон:Convert northwest of GostschtschewoШаблон:Sfn | 51 | 31 December 1943 | 14:18 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] | PQ 34 Ost 66522, Шаблон:Convert northwest of KesyШаблон:Sfn vicinity of Felsen Nowyj Sswet |
26 | 4 August 1943 | 16:00 | R-5 | PQ 35 Ost 51292, Шаблон:Convert southeast of RahinojeШаблон:Sfn | 52 | 31 December 1943 | 15:20 | P-39 | PQ 34 Ost 66521, Шаблон:Convert northeast of TschokrakШаблон:Sfn |
– 6. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –Шаблон:Sfn Eastern Front – 1 January 1944 – 16 March 1945 | |||||||||
53 | 3 January 1944 | 11:15 | Yak-7 | east of KolonkaШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Kolonka |
79♠ | 7 May 1944 | 14:25 | Il-2 | PQ 35612Шаблон:Sfn Black Sea, Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol |
54 | 17 January 1944 | 09:04 | P-39 | southeast of KerchШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north-northwest of Baksy |
80♠ | 7 May 1944 | 14:40 | Yak-7 | PQ 35453Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Sevastopol |
55 | 17 January 1944 | 11:37 | P-39 | north-northwest of BaksyШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Kerch |
81♠ | 7 May 1944 | 18:05 | P-39 | PQ 35612Шаблон:Sfn Black Sea, Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol |
56 | 17 January 1944 | 14:40 | Yak-7 | Adshim-UschkajШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north of Adshim-Uschkaj |
82♠ | 7 May 1944 | 18:25 | Yak-7 | PQ 35443Шаблон:Sfn vicinity of Sevastopol |
57 | 18 January 1944 | 09:32 | Yak-7 | north of BaksyШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north of Baksy |
83 | 8 May 1944 | 15:40 | Yak-7 | vicinity of BalaklavaШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol |
58 | 22 January 1944 | 13:28 | P-39 | southwest of BagerowoШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Bagerowo |
84 | 9 May 1944 | 11:35 | Il-2 | vicinity of BalaklavaШаблон:Sfn Black Sea, Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol |
59 | 22 January 1944 | 13:40 | Yak-7 | Cape TarchanШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northwest of Cape Tarchan |
85 | 9 May 1944 | 11:38 | Yak-7 | icinity of BalaklavaШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol |
60 | 23 January 1944 | 07:25 | P-39 | Cape KhroniШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west of Cape Khroni |
86 | 9 May 1944 | 11:43 | Yak-7 | icinity of BalaklavaШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol |
61 | 24 January 1944 | 07:10 | Yak-1 | east of KolonkaШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Kolonka |
87 | 30 May 1944 | 11:42 | P-39 | vicinity of HușiШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north of Iași |
62 | 24 January 1944 | 12:48 | Yak-1 | Kamysch-BurunШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Kamysch-Burun |
88 | 30 May 1944 | 17:24 | P-39 | vicinity of SulaniШаблон:Sfn |
63 | 7 February 1944 | 11:05 | Yak-7 | Adshim-UschkajШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Adshim-Uschkaj |
89 | 31 May 1944 | 08:45 | P-39 | vicinity of IașiШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Iași |
64 | 7 February 1944 | 13:43 | Yak-9 | north of Cape TarchanШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north of Cape Tarchan |
90 | 31 May 1944 | 12:19 | P-39 | PQ 78645Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Tudora |
65 | 12 February 1944 | 08:36 | Yak-9 | east-northeast of BulganakШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east-northeast of Bulganak |
91 | 31 May 1944 | 16:40 | Yak-1 | PQ 78643Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Tudora |
66 | 15 February 1944 | 08:37 | P-39 | southeast of BulganakШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Bulganak |
92 | 31 May 1944 | 16:44 | P-39 | vicinity of HușiШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Tudora |
67 | 11 March 1944 | 11:50 | Yak-7 | AlexandrovkaШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north-northwest of Alexandrovka |
93 | 2 June 1944 | 08:55 | Pe-2 | PQ 78683Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northeast of Iași |
68 | 11 March 1944 | 15:00 | Yak-7 | west of TschigaryШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west of Tschigary |
94 | 2 June 1944 | 14:47 | Yak-7 | PQ 78533Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west of Tudora |
69 | 13 March 1944 | 08:37 | Yak-7 | east of FeodosiaШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Feodosia |
95 | 2 June 1944 | 16:05 | P-39 | PQ 78564Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Tudora |
70 | 13 March 1944 | 08:42 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] | PQ 56873Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Feodosia |
96 | 6 June 1944 | 09:04 | Pe-2 | PQ 48652Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north-northeast of Bistritz |
71 | 16 March 1944 | 14:15 | Yak-9 | south of TschigaryШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Tschigary |
97♠ | 8 June 1944 | 10:30 | La-5 | PQ 78551Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west-southwest of Tudora |
72 | 17 March 1944 | 10:05 | Yak-7 | east of KarankutШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Karankut |
98♠ | 8 June 1944 | 10:36 | La-5 | PQ 78552Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west-southwest of Tudora |
73 | 17 March 1944 | 13:38 | Yak-7 | southwest of TschigaryШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Tschigary |
99♠ | 8 June 1944 | 13:13 | P-39 | PQ 78562Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Tudora |
74 | 18 March 1944 | 16:50 | Yak-7 | FedorowkaШаблон:Sfn | 100♠ | 8 June 1944 | 13:14 | P-39 | PQ 78641Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Tudora |
75 | 22 March 1944 | 10:40 | LaGG-3 | vicinity of Cape TarchanШаблон:Sfn | 101♠ | 8 June 1944 | 19:22 | Il-2 | PQ 78592Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northwest of Iași |
76 | 22 March 1944 | 10:45 | LaGG-3?Шаблон:Refn | Cape TarchanШаблон:Sfn east of Bulganak |
102 | 22 August 1944 | 13:25 | Boston | PQ 97573Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Serpnewoje (Leipzig) |
77♠ | 7 May 1944 | 08:34 | Yak-1 | vicinity of BalaklavaШаблон:Sfn Black Sea, Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol |
103 | 3 March 1945 | Шаблон:Center | P-51 | Hungary |
78♠ | 7 May 1944 | 10:35 | Yak-7 | vicinity of BalaklavaШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol |
104 | 16 April 1945 | Шаблон:Center | P-39 | Hungary |
Awards
- Iron Cross (1939) 2nd and 1st ClassШаблон:Sfn
- Honor Goblet of the Luftwaffe on 11 October 1943 as Feldwebel and pilotШаблон:SfnШаблон:Refn
- German Cross in Gold on 17 October 1943 as Feldwebel in the 6./Jagdgeschwader 52Шаблон:Sfn
- Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 9 June 1944 as Fahnenjunker-Feldwebel and pilot in the 6./Jagdgeschwader 52Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
Notes
References
Citations
Bibliography
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- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
Шаблон:Top German World War II Aces Шаблон:Subject bar
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