Английская Википедия:Heinz Sachsenberg

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox military person Heinz Wimmersal Sachsenberg (12 July 1922 – 17 June 1951) was a German World War II fighter ace who served in the Luftwaffe. He was also a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, the highest award in the military and paramilitary forces of Nazi Germany during World War II. Sachsenberg claimed 104 aerial victories.

Early life

Sachsenberg was born on 12 July 1922 in Dessau. "Heino", also called "Wimmersaal" by his comrades, was the nephew of Gotthard Sachsenberg, a World War I fighter pilot and recipient of the Pour le Mérite. He had a brother also named Gotthard, who also served in the Luftwaffe, and was killed in action on 8 March 1944 during a night fighter mission.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

Flying on the Eastern Front

After flight training he was assigned, as a Feldwebel, to Jagdgeschwader 52 (JG 52—52nd Fighter Wing) in the fall of 1942. He was sent to the Eastern Front in late 1942 and was assigned to 6. Staffel (6th squadron) of JG 52.[Note 1] At the time, 6. Staffel was commanded by Oberleutnant Rudolf Resch and was subordinated to II. Gruppe (2nd group) of JG 52 und the leadership of Hauptmann Johannes Steinhoff.Шаблон:Sfn On 21 April 1943, Sachsenberg claimed his first aerial victory, shooting down an Ilyushin Il-2 ground attack aircraft Шаблон:Convert southwest of Novorossiysk.Шаблон:Sfn On 5 May, Sachsenberg was shot down in his Messerschmitt Bf 109 G-4, (Werknummer 14956—factory number) by a Supermarine Spitfire in combat Шаблон:Convert northeast of Anapa.Шаблон:Sfn

By the end of July 1943, he had shot down 22 enemy airplanes in heavy air combat over the Kuban bridgehead. His unit was then transferred to cover the retreat from the southern Kursk salient where he scored a further 16 victories. After a spell of leave from September to November due to overstress (when he was also awarded the German Cross in Gold (Шаблон:Lang) and Honor Goblet of the Luftwaffe (Шаблон:Lang), he returned to the Crimea and the intense air-battles over the Kerch Straits.

After 76 victories, and on leave, Sachsenberg was recommended for the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (Шаблон:Lang) in March 1944. Upon returning to the Crimea at the beginning of May, he shot down 25 aircraft in just a month including six aircraft on 7 May, making him an "ace-in-a-day" for the first time.Шаблон:Sfn On 31 May, over Iași, in the battles for Romania, he claimed four victories (89-92v.) and five more were claimed on 8 June 1944, bringing his total to 101 air victories. He was the 76th Luftwaffe pilot to achieve the century mark.Шаблон:Sfn Fahnenjunker-Feldwebel Sachsenberg was awarded the Knight's Cross on 9 June 1944. Returning from leave, his unit was then transferred to cover the Ploiești oilfields in Romania. On 23 August 1944, he was seriously wounded during an air battle with United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) North American P-51 Mustang fighters, resulting in a forced landing of his Bf 109 G-6, (Werknummer 166233) "Yellow 1".Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Promoted to Leutnant, he claimed his final victories over Hungary, including a USAAF P-51 and a Soviet Bell P-39 Airacobra.Шаблон:Sfn

The Sachsenberg Schwarm

Файл:FW 190 JV 44.jpg
Fw 190 D-9 flown by Sachsenberg

In 1945, he transferred briefly to jet fighters in Jagdgeschwader 7 (JG 7—7th Fighter Wing) as Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 9. Staffel of JG 7, but in April 1945 he joined Jagdverband 44 (JV 44—44th Fighter Detachment) based at Munich-Riem. His task was to provide top cover for the Messerschmitt Me 262 jet fighters during takeoff and landing.Шаблон:Sfn Sachsenberg was assigned as Staffelkapitän of the Platzschutzstaffel or airfield-protection squadron, flying the Focke-Wulf Fw 190 D-9 fighter. As squadron commander, his particular aircraft was known as "Red 1". The inscription on his Fw 190 D-9 was "Verkaaft's mei Gwand I foahr in Himmel!" meaning "Sell my clothes I'm going to heaven" in a Bavarian dialect.Шаблон:Sfn The Me 262 jet was vulnerable to strafing attacks during takeoff and landing. Generalleutnant Adolf Galland, the commanding officer of JV 44, ordered the formation of the Platzschutzstaffel. Already in 1944, III. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 54 (JG 54—54th Fighter Wing), flying the Fw 190 D, had provided fighter protection to Kommando Nowotny, the first experimental Me 262 jet fighter unit.Шаблон:Sfn

The aircraft in the protection squadron were painted red on their underbelly with prominent white stripes to help in their identification by ground crews.Шаблон:Sfn The legend of the Papagei Staffel (parrot squadron) was born (the name was given after the war and is truly misleading as it was not used by the squadron itself). The decision to paint the aircraft in this manner was made by the pilots themselves, perhaps as result of the failed Operation Bodenplatte, where a number of German aircraft were lost to friendly fire.[Note 2]

The protection squadron was tasked with flying Start- und Landeschutz (Takeoff and landing cover). During takeoff and landing, the jets were very vulnerable to attacks by strafing Allied ground-attack airplanes, because their engines were not very responsive at those times and the jets could not accelerate and decelerate quickly. Thus to give additional protection besides the light and medium AA-guns around the airfields, parts of JG 52 and JG 54 were delegated to fly protective missions to cover the takeoff-and-landing phase of the 'Stormbirds'. JV 44 was a special case in that they had their own protection squadron.

After the war

He died on 17 June 1951 in Lich, following complications from wounds he received on 23 October 1944.Шаблон:Sfn

Quotations

"I don't trust anything without a Propeller at least." - Sachsenberg in reply to being asked why he didn't fly jet aircraft.

Summary of career

Aerial victory claims

According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Sachsenberg was credited with 104 aerial victories.Шаблон:Sfn Obermaier also lists Sachsenberg with 104 aerial victories, claimed in 520 combat missions, one on the Western Front and 103 on the Eastern Front. He was also credited with the destruction of one fast attack craft.Шаблон:Sfn Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and found records for 104 aerial victory claims, 103 aerial victories on the Eastern Front and one on the Western Front.Шаблон:Sfn

Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 34 Ost 7545". The Luftwaffe grid map (Шаблон:Lang) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about Шаблон:Convert. These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area Шаблон:Convert in size.Шаблон:Sfn

Chronicle of aerial victories

Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Legend

Claim Date Time Type Location Claim Date Time Type Location
– 6. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –Шаблон:Sfn
Eastern Front – 4 February – 31 December 1943
1 21 April 1943 11:10 Il-2 m.H.Шаблон:Refn PQ 34 Ost 7545, Шаблон:Convert southwest of NovorossiyskШаблон:Sfn 27 6 August 1943 10:50 Yak-1 PQ 35 Ost 61394, Шаблон:Convert southeast of BelgorodШаблон:Sfn
2 8 May 1943 07:18 P-39 PQ 34 Ost 85142, Шаблон:Convert west of AbinskayaШаблон:Sfn 28 6 August 1943 10:54 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 35 Ost 61363, Шаблон:Convert south of PetylowkaШаблон:Sfn
3 15 May 1943 09:50 P-40 PQ 34 Ost 85141, Шаблон:Convert south of KrymskayaШаблон:Sfn 29 7 August 1943 18:30 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 60832, Шаблон:Convert northeast of PetrowkskajaШаблон:Sfn
4 24 May 1943 10:04 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 75462, east of KabardinkaШаблон:Sfn 30 8 August 1943 18:22 Boston Шаблон:Convert southwest of KrassnopawlowkaШаблон:Sfn
5 26 May 1943 15:55 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 34 Ost 76852, Шаблон:Convert northwest of VarenikovskayaШаблон:Sfn 31 10 August 1943 13:34 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 71771, Шаблон:Convert northwest of SserdonkaШаблон:Sfn
6 27 May 1943 11:50 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 34 Ost 65241, Шаблон:Convert south of Scheljesny-RogШаблон:Sfn 32 12 August 1943 05:35 Yak-1 PQ 35 Ost 41684, Шаблон:Convert southwest of AchtyrkaШаблон:Sfn
7 29 May 1943 18:18 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 34 Ost 75231, Шаблон:Convert northwest of KrymskayaШаблон:Sfn 33 12 August 1943 10:50 Yak-1 PQ 35 Ost 51513, Шаблон:Convert northeast of AchtyrkaШаблон:Sfn
8 29 May 1943 18:20?Шаблон:Refn Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 34 Ost 76892, Шаблон:Convert northeast of KijewskojeШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert northeast of Krymsk
34 12 August 1943 10:53 Yak-1 PQ 35 Ost 51373, Шаблон:Convert north of DernowojeШаблон:Sfn
9 5 June 1943 11:32 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 85114, Шаблон:Convert north of AbinskajaШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:CenterШаблон:Refn 12 August 1943 Шаблон:Center Yak-1Шаблон:Sfn
10 5 June 1943 11:34 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 85112, Шаблон:Convert east of KrymskayaШаблон:Sfn 35 17 August 1943 06:56 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 35 Ost 41464, Шаблон:Convert south-southwest of BoromljaШаблон:Sfn
11 6 June 1943 07:35 La-5 PQ 34 Ost 76894, Шаблон:Convert east of KijewskojeШаблон:Sfn 36 17 August 1943 09:40 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 35 Ost 51371, Шаблон:Convert east-northeast of BoromljaШаблон:Sfn
12 6 June 1943 07:36 La-5 PQ 34 Ost 76894, Шаблон:Convert east of KijewskojeШаблон:Sfn 37 19 August 1943 16:05 Yak-1 PQ 35 Ost 51593, Шаблон:Convert west of SewyschtschijШаблон:Sfn
13 8 June 1943 09:27 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 76862, Шаблон:Convert northwest of Imeni-DimitrowaШаблон:Sfn 38 21 August 1943 18:18 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 51593, Шаблон:Convert north of BohodukhivШаблон:Sfn
14 11 June 1943 10:19 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 76684, Шаблон:Convert east of SswisteljnikowШаблон:Sfn 39 19 November 1943 14:29 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 6664, Шаблон:Convert north of BakssyШаблон:Sfn
15 13 June 1943 10:37 La-5 PQ 34 Ost 85144, Шаблон:Convert southwest of AbinskajaШаблон:Sfn 40 20 November 1943 10:17 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 66677, Шаблон:Convert southwest of Cape KhroniШаблон:Sfn
16 20 July 1943 15:05 P-39 PQ 34 Ost 75452, Шаблон:Convert south of NovorossijskШаблон:Sfn 41 21 November 1943 09:48 P-39 PQ 34 Ost 66611, Шаблон:Convert northeast of BulganakШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Center[Note 4] 20 July 1943 Шаблон:Center P-39Шаблон:Sfn 42 25 November 1943 08:59 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 66643, northeastern edge of KolonkaШаблон:Sfn
17 22 July 1943 08:15 P-39 PQ 34 Ost 76892, Шаблон:Convert northeast of KijewskojeШаблон:Sfn 43 26 November 1943 13:59 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 66563, Шаблон:Convert southwest of KerchШаблон:Sfn
18 26 July 1943 06:10 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 75363, Шаблон:Convert southwest of NoworossijskШаблон:Sfn
Black Sea, southeast of Anapa
44 28 November 1943 07:10 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 6685, Шаблон:Convert southeast of Cape TuslaШаблон:Sfn
19 26 July 1943 06:20 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 34 Ost 65293, Шаблон:Convert southwest of AnapaШаблон:Sfn 45 4 December 1943 11:56 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 66673, Шаблон:Convert west of Kossa TuslaШаблон:Sfn
20 26 July 1943 10:25 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 76882, Шаблон:Convert southeast of KesslerowaШаблон:Sfn 46 5 December 1943 07:15 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 66813, Шаблон:Convert west of TamanШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert west of Kossa Tusla
21 26 July 1943 18:20 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 75262, Шаблон:Convert south of KrymskayaШаблон:Sfn 47 5 December 1943 12:30 P-39 PQ 34 Ost 66841, Шаблон:Convert south of Kossa TuslaШаблон:Sfn
22 30 July 1943 06:25 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 75234, Шаблон:Convert west of KrymskayaШаблон:Sfn 48 6 December 1943 10:35 MiG-3 PQ 34 Ost 66842, Шаблон:Convert southwest of TamanШаблон:Sfn
23 4 August 1943 11:12 Yak-1 PQ 35 Ost 61383, Шаблон:Convert southeast of OrlovkaШаблон:Sfn 49 7 December 1943 14:50 P-39 PQ 34 Ost 66811, Шаблон:Convert west of TamanШаблон:Sfn
24 4 August 1943 13:40 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 61363, Шаблон:Convert southeast of TomarovkaШаблон:Sfn 50 7 December 1943 14:55 P-39 PQ 34 Ost 66812, Шаблон:Convert northwest of TamanШаблон:Sfn
25 4 August 1943 13:47?Шаблон:Refn La-5 PQ 35 Ost 61271, Шаблон:Convert northwest of GostschtschewoШаблон:Sfn 51 31 December 1943 14:18 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 34 Ost 66522, Шаблон:Convert northwest of KesyШаблон:Sfn
vicinity of Felsen Nowyj Sswet
26 4 August 1943 16:00 R-5 PQ 35 Ost 51292, Шаблон:Convert southeast of RahinojeШаблон:Sfn 52 31 December 1943 15:20 P-39 PQ 34 Ost 66521, Шаблон:Convert northeast of TschokrakШаблон:Sfn
– 6. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –Шаблон:Sfn
Eastern Front – 1 January 1944 – 16 March 1945
53 3 January 1944 11:15 Yak-7 east of KolonkaШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert east of Kolonka
79♠ 7 May 1944 14:25 Il-2 PQ 35612Шаблон:Sfn
Black Sea, Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol
54 17 January 1944 09:04 P-39 southeast of KerchШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert north-northwest of Baksy
80♠ 7 May 1944 14:40 Yak-7 PQ 35453Шаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert east of Sevastopol
55 17 January 1944 11:37 P-39 north-northwest of BaksyШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert southeast of Kerch
81♠ 7 May 1944 18:05 P-39 PQ 35612Шаблон:Sfn
Black Sea, Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol
56 17 January 1944 14:40 Yak-7 Adshim-UschkajШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert north of Adshim-Uschkaj
82♠ 7 May 1944 18:25 Yak-7 PQ 35443Шаблон:Sfn
vicinity of Sevastopol
57 18 January 1944 09:32 Yak-7 north of BaksyШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert north of Baksy
83 8 May 1944 15:40 Yak-7 vicinity of BalaklavaШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol
58 22 January 1944 13:28 P-39 southwest of BagerowoШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert southwest of Bagerowo
84 9 May 1944 11:35 Il-2 vicinity of BalaklavaШаблон:Sfn
Black Sea, Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol
59 22 January 1944 13:40 Yak-7 Cape TarchanШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert northwest of Cape Tarchan
85 9 May 1944 11:38 Yak-7 icinity of BalaklavaШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol
60 23 January 1944 07:25 P-39 Cape KhroniШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert west of Cape Khroni
86 9 May 1944 11:43 Yak-7 icinity of BalaklavaШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol
61 24 January 1944 07:10 Yak-1 east of KolonkaШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert east of Kolonka
87 30 May 1944 11:42 P-39 vicinity of HușiШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert north of Iași
62 24 January 1944 12:48 Yak-1 Kamysch-BurunШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert east of Kamysch-Burun
88 30 May 1944 17:24 P-39 vicinity of SulaniШаблон:Sfn
63 7 February 1944 11:05 Yak-7 Adshim-UschkajШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert southwest of Adshim-Uschkaj
89 31 May 1944 08:45 P-39 vicinity of IașiШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert south of Iași
64 7 February 1944 13:43 Yak-9 north of Cape TarchanШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert north of Cape Tarchan
90 31 May 1944 12:19 P-39 PQ 78645Шаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert south of Tudora
65 12 February 1944 08:36 Yak-9 east-northeast of BulganakШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert east-northeast of Bulganak
91 31 May 1944 16:40 Yak-1 PQ 78643Шаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert south of Tudora
66 15 February 1944 08:37 P-39 southeast of BulganakШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert southeast of Bulganak
92 31 May 1944 16:44 P-39 vicinity of HușiШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert south of Tudora
67 11 March 1944 11:50 Yak-7 AlexandrovkaШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert north-northwest of Alexandrovka
93 2 June 1944 08:55 Pe-2 PQ 78683Шаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert northeast of Iași
68 11 March 1944 15:00 Yak-7 west of TschigaryШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert west of Tschigary
94 2 June 1944 14:47 Yak-7 PQ 78533Шаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert west of Tudora
69 13 March 1944 08:37 Yak-7 east of FeodosiaШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert east of Feodosia
95 2 June 1944 16:05 P-39 PQ 78564Шаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert southwest of Tudora
70 13 March 1944 08:42 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 56873Шаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert east of Feodosia
96 6 June 1944 09:04 Pe-2 PQ 48652Шаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert north-northeast of Bistritz
71 16 March 1944 14:15 Yak-9 south of TschigaryШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert south of Tschigary
97♠ 8 June 1944 10:30 La-5 PQ 78551Шаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert west-southwest of Tudora
72 17 March 1944 10:05 Yak-7 east of KarankutШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert east of Karankut
98♠ 8 June 1944 10:36 La-5 PQ 78552Шаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert west-southwest of Tudora
73 17 March 1944 13:38 Yak-7 southwest of TschigaryШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert southwest of Tschigary
99♠ 8 June 1944 13:13 P-39 PQ 78562Шаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert southwest of Tudora
74 18 March 1944 16:50 Yak-7 FedorowkaШаблон:Sfn 100♠ 8 June 1944 13:14 P-39 PQ 78641Шаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert south of Tudora
75 22 March 1944 10:40 LaGG-3 vicinity of Cape TarchanШаблон:Sfn 101♠ 8 June 1944 19:22 Il-2 PQ 78592Шаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert northwest of Iași
76 22 March 1944 10:45 LaGG-3?Шаблон:Refn Cape TarchanШаблон:Sfn
east of Bulganak
102 22 August 1944 13:25 Boston PQ 97573Шаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert east of Serpnewoje (Leipzig)
77♠ 7 May 1944 08:34 Yak-1 vicinity of BalaklavaШаблон:Sfn
Black Sea, Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol
103 3 March 1945 Шаблон:Center P-51 Hungary
78♠ 7 May 1944 10:35 Yak-7 vicinity of BalaklavaШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Convert south of Sevastopol
104 16 April 1945 Шаблон:Center P-39 Hungary

Awards

Notes

Шаблон:Reflist

References

Citations

Шаблон:Reflist

Bibliography

Шаблон:Refbegin

Шаблон:Refend

Шаблон:Top German World War II Aces Шаблон:Subject bar


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