Английская Википедия:Helen Bell Bruton
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Helen Bell Bruton (February 7, 1898 – November 16, 1985) was an American printmaker, mosaic muralist and painter.Шаблон:R
Biography
She was the daughter of Daniel Bruton (1839–1928) and Helen Bell Bruton (1866–1956). Daniel and Helen Bell married in 1893. As a successful tobacco merchant, Daniel commissioned Denis Straub & Son to construct the family home at 1240 St. Charles Street in Alameda. This house was sold by the family in 1944. She had two sisters: Margaret Bruton (1894–1983) and Anne Esther Bruton Gilman (1896–1992).
Helen Bruton began her formal studies at the University of California, Berkeley,Шаблон:RШаблон:R but her education was interrupted by World War I.Шаблон:R During the war, she and her sisters contributed to the war effort at the Letterman Hospital in San Francisco.Шаблон:R In 1920–21, for two years,Шаблон:R she continued her artistic education in New York at the Art Students' League, learning under sculptors Alexander Calder, who was teaching there between 1918 and 1922, and Leo Lentelli.Шаблон:RШаблон:R Later, she was also studying in New York under Boardman Robinson in his drawing class.Шаблон:R In her 1975 interview, however, she did not recall any strong artistic influences in her career.Шаблон:R Her and her sisters' source of income was partially based on their San Francisco property rental. Asked about her style she replied "I've always been more interested in people, I never was a very abstract thinker", she considered herself, to some extent, a late Ashcan School artist.Шаблон:R
Early Monterey period (1922–1929)
There were two periods when Helen Bruton resided in Monterey, California. The family built and furnished a house in MontereyШаблон:R and stayed in it "on and off" as it was their summer place and "Monterey was small and simple at that time".Шаблон:R She recalls:Шаблон:R Шаблон:Blockquote
She was associated with the Monterey Group of painters who were meeting at the Stevenson's House. Some of them were associated with the Society of Six.Шаблон:R
Early Great Depression years
In about 1929 during the early Great Depression, while her sisters embarked on an artistic expedition to New Mexico (Taos and Santa Fe),Шаблон:R Bruton moved to Los Angeles. There, she worked at the Gladding McBean tile company, creating terra cotta portrait panels which are now preserved at the University of Southern California's Mudd Memorial Library.Шаблон:R When the stock market crashed in 1929 she was in Los Angeles finishing the "philosophers" job.Шаблон:RШаблон:R She recalled:Шаблон:R Шаблон:Blockquote
Out of the artist's rebellion, she painted clouds on the sky in the form of dogs in Emerson's image because she was prevented, by the dean of the University of Southern California Philosophy Department, to paint dogs close to Emerson himself.
Helen was a lifelong friend of Ina Perham.Шаблон:R They traveled to Virginia City in September of 1932 where they worked together.Шаблон:R They would wake up at 6.30 in the morning and begin to work at 8 or "a little later". Шаблон:R
She and her sisters continued to exhibit at Beaux Arts GalerieШаблон:R in San Francisco where she presented wood blocks art, tiles, and prints.Шаблон:R One of the prints displayed was titled "The Party," it was etched on the occasion of a party held at the Stevenson's House in Monterey to bid farewell to someone leaving for Paris to study art.Шаблон:R
Mosaic art (1933–1939)
In 1930 she ventured into the world of mosaics, working on projects supported by Public Works Administration and Works Progress Administration.
Partnering with her sister Margaret,Шаблон:R she designed the exterior mosaic panels for the Fleishacker Zoo Mother House in San Francisco, an undertaking of the Federal Art Project. That project started at the end of 1933 with local materials and with the technical help of Antonio (Anthony) Falcier, an Italian mosaic maker who previously worked on Neptune Pool at Hearst Castle in San Simeon:
One of the mosaics showcases a boy and a girl alongside a horse, dog, and rabbit, titled Children and Their Animal Friends. The second mosaic, St. Francis, portrays the revered protector of animals and the namesake of San Francisco, encompassed by a deer, wolf, snake, and several birds.
She did mosaics for SS Lurline and SS Mariposa.Шаблон:R
In 1935, Egyptian-style mosaics by Helen Bruton were added in the entryway of the Golden West Hotel which is now named Hotel Union Square.Шаблон:R
Helen Bruton mosaic Sculpture and Dance, influenced in part by the Byzantine mosaics in Ravenna,Шаблон:R was commissioned by the Federal Art Project, spearheaded by Eugen Neuhaus, and installed in 1936 on the wall of the Old Art Gallery of the University of Berkeley.Шаблон:R Originally it was built as the central heating and power plant building and converted to a gallery in 1934.Шаблон:R
In 1939, she worked on the Treasury Relief Art Project (it was active from 1935 to 1938 and headed by Edward Bruce) for the post office in Fresno, California.Шаблон:R This art is now located within the Fresno Unified School District Education Center.Шаблон:R Her other projects for the Treasury Relief Art Project were rejected including sketches of Jim Savage and Native Americans for the post office in Merced, California.Шаблон:R
Together with her sisters she created The Peacemakers, a historic mural for the 1939 Golden Gate International Exposition. Housed within Timothy Pflueger's Court of Pacifica, the mural was a dramatic work spanning 144 feet wide by 57 feet tall, representing the collaborative peace between the countries of the East and West. The mural combined elements from Eastern and Western cultures, symbolizing peace across the Pacific. At its center stood two large figures, a Buddha and a kneeling woman, flanked by friezes of 24-foot tall figures and famous architectural landmarks. The Bruton sisters utilized a unique technique, carving the design into masonite panels to create a bas relief effect, allowing for depth and shadow play when illuminated.
Latter years
In 1940, Art in Action was highlighted at the Golden Gate International Exposition (GGIE), offering attendees an intimate look at artists practicing in diverse fields such as painting, sculpture, printmaking, ceramics, metalwork, and woodcarving. Art in Action was featured prominently within the Palace of Fine and Decorative Arts for that year's exposition. Helen Bruton, was in charge of supervising Art in Action throughout the event while Beatrice Judd Ryan, being the State Director of Exhibitions, was one of the organizers. During that program Diego Rivera created Pan American Unity mural.Шаблон:R
In a 1977 interview, Margaret and Helen revealed that they have been living on Cass Street near downtown Monterey "in the attractive adobe home". Шаблон:R
In the end of 1950s Bruton sisters worked for 3 years on approx. 22 mosaics and terrazzo maps for the memorial at the Manila American Cemetery.Шаблон:R The Margaret Bruton Collection, housed in the Mayo Hayes O'Donnell Library Doud House Archive Storage in Monterey, contains photo prints of 27 drafts of these maps. The memorial opened in 1960.
Nativity mosaic located at Saint James Episcopal Church in Monterey was created around 1952 and was displayed in October–November, 1952 in the de Young Museum's during the "Contemporary Religious Art by California Artists" exhibition.Шаблон:R
Bruton was a supporter of Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA) Monterey County where she created a large mosaic of wild and domestic animals around 1967.Шаблон:R This mosaic is currently in the administrative building.
Bruton was passionate about various other charitable initiatives. She was a significant benefactor to the Monterey Peninsula Volunteer Services which operates their store in Seaside, California.
Bruton was also an active member of the California Society of Etchers.
References
Further reading
- Helen Bruton: artist file: study photographs and reproductions of works of art with accompanying documentation 1920–2000.
- Английская Википедия
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- 1898 births
- 1985 deaths
- American printmakers
- American muralists
- Women muralists
- University of California, Berkeley alumni
- 20th-century American artists
- 20th-century American women artists
- Art Students League of New York alumni
- People from Alameda, California
- People from Monterey, California
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