Английская Википедия:Henri Fenet

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Шаблон:Notability Шаблон:Infobox criminal Henri Joseph Fenet (11 July 1919 – 14 September 2002) was a French collaborator who served in the Milice française before joining the Waffen-SS during World War II. As the surviving battalion commander of SS Charlemagne, Fenet was part of the last defenders in the area of the Reich Chancellery and Hitler's Шаблон:Lang in April-May 1945.Шаблон:Sfn After the war, he was sentenced to 20 years imprisonment with hard labour in 1949. He was released in 1959 and died on 14 September 2002.

French service

Henri Joseph Fenet was born on 11 July 1919 in France. Prior to World War II he studied literature at the University of Paris. At the outbreak of war he volunteered for the French Army and was commissioned as an officer with the rank of lieutenant. He was wounded twice and decorated with the Croix de Guerre.Шаблон:Sfn Following the capitulation of France he chose to stay and join the Armistice Army of Vichy France serving in a colonial regiment in Mauritania until October 1942.Шаблон:Sfn On his return Fenet joined the newly formed collaborationist paramilitary Milice before volunteering in October 1943 for the Waffen-SS.Шаблон:Sfn

Waffen-SS

In July 1943 Paul Marion, the Vichy Propaganda Minister, began a nationwide recruitment for the Waffen-SS in France. The Шаблон:Lang (Committee of the Friends of the Waffen-SS) was established by the minister and proceeded to actively recruit men who were between the ages of 20–25, "free of Jewish blood," and physically fit. Roughly 3000 applied to the assorted offices in the first few months, many of them college students. The organization also spent much time trying to recruit experienced French officers, like Fenet, to the organization. In October 1943, Fenet volunteered for the Waffen-SS and was sent to the SS school at Bad Tölz. In March 1944 he received the rank of Obersturmführer (senior assault leader, equivalent of first lieutenant) in the Waffen-SS and was given command of a company of the newly formed 8th SS Assault Brigade Frankreich.

In September 1944, Fenet and his company were sent to Könitz, West Prussia, where they joined other French recruits to form a new brigade-sized formation, later known as the SS Division Charlemagne.Шаблон:Sfn Joining them were French collaborators fleeing the Allied advance in the west, as well as Frenchmen from the German Navy, the National Socialist Motor Corps (NSKK), the Organisation Todt and the detested Milice security police.Шаблон:Sfn In February 1945, the unit was officially upgraded to a division. At this time it had a strength of 7,340 men.Шаблон:Sfn Fenet was named the commander of a battalion, which he led until April 1945.Шаблон:Sfn

The unit was sent to fight the Soviet Red Army in Poland, but by 25 February it was attacked at Hammerstein (present day Czarne) in Pomerania, by troops of the 1st Belorussian Front. The Soviet forces split the French force into three pockets.Шаблон:Sfn In heavy fighting against the Soviet Red Army, 7 officers and 130 men were killed, while 8 officers and 661 men were wounded.Шаблон:Sfn Fenet's battalion was part of one of the groups that was able to break out and return to the German lines. They were evacuated by the German Navy to Denmark and later sent to Neustrelitz.Шаблон:Sfn

Berlin, 1945

On 23 April 1945, the Reich Chancellery in Berlin ordered Brigadeführer Gustav Krukenberg to proceed to the capital. About 350 men from the remains of the Charlemagne division chose to go to Berlin.Шаблон:Sfn The men had been reorganized as Sturmbataillon ("assault battalion") "Charlemagne" and was attached to the SS Division Nordland.Шаблон:Sfn

In the days which followed, fighting was very heavy and by 28 April, 108 Soviet tanks had been destroyed in the southeast of Berlin within the S-Bahn. The French squads under the command of Fenet accounted for "about half" of the tanks.Шаблон:Sfn Fenet, who was now wounded in the foot, withdrew with the battalion to the vicinity of the Reich Aviation Ministry in the central government district under the command of Wilhelm Mohnke.Шаблон:Sfn For the combat actions of the battalion during the Battle of Berlin, Fenet was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 29 April 1945 by Mohnke.Шаблон:Sfn By the evening of 30 April, the French SS men serving under Fenet had destroyed another 21 Soviet tanks.Шаблон:Sfn SS Charlemagne and its remaining men under the command of Fenet, were one of the last units defending Hitler's Шаблон:Lang.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn On 2 May 1945, most of the surviving Frenchmen left in Berlin surrendered to the Soviet Red Army.Шаблон:Sfn The rest, including Fenet, surrendered to British forces at Bad Kleinen and Wismar.Шаблон:Sfn Fenet was handed over to the Soviet Red Army, who put him in a prisoner of war camp and then let him be treated for his foot wound at hospital. He was then returned to a POW camp and a short time later released by the Soviets. Fenet was arrested upon his return to France.Шаблон:Sfn

Later life

In 1949, Fenet was convicted of being a collaborator and sentenced to 20 years imprisonment with hard labour. He was released in 1959.Шаблон:Sfn After Fenet was released, he appeared in several documentary films and television programmes. He also ran a small independent auto business.[1] Fenet died on 14 September 2002.Шаблон:Sfn

Awards

References

Citations

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Bibliography

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  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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