Английская Википедия:Herbert Bachnick
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox military person
Herbert Bachnick (9 February 1920 – 7 August 1944) was a World War II flying ace in the Luftwaffe (German Air Force) credited with 80 aerial victories—that is, 80 aerial combat encounters resulting in the destruction of the enemy aircraft, all but one over the Eastern Front. He was also a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership.
Career
Bachnick was born on 9 February 1920 in Mannheim in the Republic of Baden. On 1 October 1938, Bachnik who was a kaufmännischer Angestellter (merchant) in his civil life, joined the military service in Luftwaffe.Шаблон:Sfn Following flight training,Шаблон:Refn he was posted to 9. Staffel (9th squadron), also known as the Karaya-Staffel, of Jagdgeschwader 52 (JG 52–52nd Fighter Wing) on 5 December 1942 serving on the Eastern Front.Шаблон:Sfn At the time, 9. Staffel was commanded by Hauptmann Ernst Ehrenberg and was subordinated to III. Gruppe (3rd group) of JG 52 headed by Major Hubertus von Bonin.Шаблон:Sfn
War against the Soviet Union
In preparation for Operation Citadel and the Battle of Kursk, III. Gruppe moved to the airfield Bessonovka at Ugrim, located south of Kursk, on 3 July. Here, Bachnick claimed his first three aerial victories on 5 July 1943 when he shot down a Petlyakov Pe-2 bomber, an Ilyushin Il-2 ground-attack aircraft and a Lavochkin La-5 fighter.Шаблон:Sfn Following these events, he was awarded the Iron Cross 2nd Class (Шаблон:Lang) and promoted to Feldwebel (sergeant).Шаблон:Sfn On 2 August, III. Gruppe moved to an airfield at Warwarowka, located south of Belgorod, where they stayed for three days. There, Bachnik claimed an Il-2 ground-attack aircraft and a Lavochkin-Gorbunov-Gudkov LaGG-3 fighter shot down on 4 August, and another LaGG-3 the following day.Шаблон:Sfn
On 14 August, the Gruppe relocated to Pereshchepyne where they stayed for four days. Here, Bachnik claimed another LaGG-3 destroyed on 17 August.Шаблон:Sfn Then flying from Mikhaylovka on 19 August, he again claimed a LaGG-3 fighter.Шаблон:Sfn On 23 August, III. Gruppe was ordered to an airfield at Makeyevka. Here, Bachnik increased his number of aerial victories claimed to 17 by end-August.Шаблон:Sfn On 9 September, III. Gruppe moved to an airfield at Dnipropetrovsk, present-day Dnipro, operating from this airfield until 24 September. Here, Bachnik claimed thirteen aerial victories, taking his total to 30 aerial victories.Шаблон:Sfn The Gruppe reached an airfield near Apostolovo on 1 November. With the exception of a brief period from 12 to 20 November when they also used an airfield at Kirovohrad, the Gruppe remained here until 7 January 1944. Here, Bachnik claimed further aerial victories, increasing his total 46 by end of 1943.Шаблон:Sfn Bachnick received the Honor Goblet of the Luftwaffe (Шаблон:Lang) on 13 December 1943.Шаблон:Sfn On 7 January 1944, Bachnik became an "ace-in-a-day" for the first time when he claimed five Il-2 ground-attack aircraft shot down near Nova Praha and Kirovohrad.Шаблон:Sfn
On 5 February, Bachnick was awarded the German Cross in Gold (Шаблон:Lang) for 55 aerial victories claimed.Шаблон:Sfn The Gruppe moved to an airfield at Proskurov, present-day Khmelnytskyi, on 12 March where they stayed until 23 March. Here, Bachnick became an "ace-in-a-day" again on 13 March, and a third time on 19 March.Шаблон:Sfn On 21 March, he was credited with III. GruppeШаблон:'s 3,500th aerial victory.Шаблон:Sfn In April, Unteroffizier Bachnick was transferred to 2. Staffel of Ergänzungs-Jagdgruppe Ost as an instructor. He was promoted to Leutnant in May. Bachnick was wounded in combat with United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) bombers and fighters on 7 July force landing his Messerschmitt Bf 109 G-6. He was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (Шаблон:Lang) on 27 July for 78 aerial victories.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
Bachnick returned to 9. Staffel of JG 52 following three months as an instructor. At the time, III. Gruppe was based at Kraków in Poland and defending against the Soviet Operation Bagration which defeated Army Group Center under command of Generalfeldmarschall Ernst Busch, retaking all of Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic and securing a foothold in Eastern Poland.Шаблон:Sfn On 7 August 1944, he engaged a USAAF formation and shot down a North American P-51 Mustang. However, his Bf 109 G-6 (Werknummer 166065—factory number) "Yellow 4" was damaged in the encounter. Bachnick attempted a forced landing near Myslowitz but crashed into a railroad embarkment, killing him.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
Summary of career
Aerial victory claims
According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Bachnik was credited with 80 aerial victories.Шаблон:Sfn Spick also lists him with 80 aerial victories, including one four-engined bomber, claimed in 373 combat missions.Шаблон:Sfn Obermaier lists Bachnick with 80 aerial victories, 79 of which on the Eastern Front, claimed in 373 combat mission.Шаблон:Sfn Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and found records for 78 aerial victory claims, plus one further unconfirmed claim, all of which claimed on the Eastern Front.Шаблон:Sfn
Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 35 Ost 62773". The Luftwaffe grid map (Шаблон:Lang) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about Шаблон:Convert. These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area Шаблон:Convert in size.Шаблон:Sfn
Chronicle of aerial victories | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Claim | Date | Time | Type | Location | Claim | Date | Time | Type | Location |
– 9. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –Шаблон:Sfn Eastern Front — 4 February – 31 December 1943 | |||||||||
1 | 5 July 1943 | 12:51 | Pe-2 | PQ 35 Ost 62773Шаблон:Sfn vicinity of Шаблон:Convert south-southwest of Oboyan |
24 | 18 September 1943 | 15:29 | Il-2 m.H.Шаблон:Refn | PQ 34 Ost 68572Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Pavlohrad |
2 | 5 July 1943 | 16:42 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 1] | PQ 35 Ost 61631Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north of Vovchansk |
25 | 19 September 1943 | 10:15 | LaGG-3 | PQ 34 Ost 59634Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Pavlohrad |
3 | 5 July 1943 | 18:58 | La-5 | PQ 35 Ost 61661, Шаблон:Convert northwest of VovchanskШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north of Vovchansk |
26 | 19 September 1943 | 15:28 | LaGG-3 | PQ 34 Ost 59612Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Pavlohrad |
4 | 4 August 1943 | 09:46 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 1] | PQ 35 Ost 61161Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Prokhorovka |
27 | 20 September 1943 | 13:35 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 1] | PQ 34 Ost 59471Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west of Pavlohrad |
5 | 4 August 1943 | 13:49 | LaGG-3 | PQ 35 Ost 61354Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west of Tomarovka |
28 | 20 September 1943 | 15:40 | P-39 | PQ 34 Ost 58824Шаблон:Sfn vicinity of Bolschoj Tomak |
6 | 5 August 1943 | 08:35 | LaGG-3 | PQ 35 Ost 61194Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Krasny Liman |
29 | 23 September 1943 | 14:10 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 1] | PQ 34 Ost 58194Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Zaporizhzhia |
7 | 17 August 1943 | 05:20 | LaGG-3 | PQ 35 Ost 70733Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Izium |
30 | 23 September 1943 | 14:15 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 1] | PQ 34 Ost 58192Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east-southeast of Zaporizhzhia |
8 | 19 August 1943 | 13:38 | LaGG-3 | PQ 34 Ost 88283, southwest of KuibyschewoШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Jalisawehino |
31 | 27 November 1943 | 09:07 | LaGG-3 | PQ 34 Ost 49791Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north of Nikopol |
9 | 20 August 1943 | 06:13 | Il-2 | PQ 34 Ost 88252, MarinowkaШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east-northeast of Kuteinikovo |
32 | 27 November 1943 | 14:23 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 1] | PQ 34 Ost 48761, PawlowkaШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west-southwest of Bilozirka |
10 | 20 August 1943 | 10:18 | Il-2 | PQ 34 Ost 88263Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Marinowka |
33 | 27 November 1943 | 14:26 | LaGG-3 | PQ 34 Ost 48732Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Nikopol |
11 | 21 August 1943 | 07:18 | Il-2 | PQ 34 Ost 88282, west of KuibyschewoШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Jalisawehino |
34 | 27 November 1943 | 14:36 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 1] | PQ 34 Ost 48723Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south-southwest of Nikopol |
12 | 21 August 1943 | 07:24 | Il-2 | PQ 34 Ost 88291, west of KuibyschewoШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Jalisawehino |
35 | 28 November 1943 | 12:05 | LaGG-3 | PQ 34 Ost 49841Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south-southwest of Werchnedjeprowak |
13 | 21 August 1943 | 11:50 | Il-2 | PQ 34 Ost 88432Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Marienkeim |
36 | 28 November 1943 | 13:45 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 1] | PQ 34 Ost 48481Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Nikopol |
14 | 22 August 1943 | 16:21 | Il-2 | PQ 34 Ost 88284Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Jalisawehino |
37 | 28 November 1943 | 13:49 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 1] | PQ 34 Ost 48671Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Nikopol |
15 | 22 August 1943 | 16:25 | Il-2 | PQ 34 Ost 88431Шаблон:Sfn vicinity of Marienkeim |
38 | 28 November 1943 | 13:53 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 1] | PQ 34 Ost 48622Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east-southeast of Nikopol |
16 | 24 August 1943 | 17:55 | LaGG-3 | PQ 34 Ost 88332Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Kuteinikovo |
39 | 7 December 1943 | 14:10 | LaGG-3 | north of GolovkovkaШаблон:Sfn |
17 | 24 August 1943 | 17:59 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 1] | PQ 34 Ost 88414Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Jalisawehino |
40 | 13 December 1943 | 12:28 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 1] | northwest of VarvarovkaШаблон:Sfn |
18 | 11 September 1943 | 11:04 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 1] | PQ 34 Ost 60691Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Grishino |
41 | 17 December 1943 | 14:16 | P-39 | PQ 34 Ost 29651Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Nova Praha |
19 | 14 September 1943 | 10:25?Шаблон:Refn | Il-2 m.H.[Note 1] | PQ 34 Ost 69652Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west-northwest of Grishino |
42 | 17 December 1943 | 14:19 | P-39 | PQ 34 Ost 29691Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south-southeast of Nova Praha |
20 | 14 September 1943 | 17:05 | Yak-9?Шаблон:Refn | PQ 34 Ost 69494Шаблон:Sfn vicinity of Pavlohrad |
43 | 19 December 1943 | 12:09 | LaGG-3 | PQ 34 Ost 48691Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north of Beloserka |
21 | 15 September 1943 | 11:58 | La-5 | PQ 34 Ost 68624Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east-southeast of Polohy |
44 | 19 December 1943 | 12:16 | Il-2 | PQ 34 Ost 48663Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north of Beloserka |
22 | 18 September 1943 | 15:20 | LaGG-3 | PQ 34 Ost 68814Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Pavlohrad |
45 | 20 December 1943 | 08:56 | Il-2 | south of Bolshaya BelozerkaШаблон:Sfn |
23 | 18 September 1943 | 15:24 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 1] | PQ 34 Ost 59682Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south-southwest of Pavlohrad |
46 | 25 December 1943 | 11:12 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 1] | north of KamenkaШаблон:Sfn |
– 9. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –Шаблон:Sfn Eastern Front — 1 January – 7 August 1944 | |||||||||
47♠ | 7 January 1944 | 11:22 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 1] | PQ 34 Ost 29823Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Nova Praha |
64♠ | 13 March 1944 | 16:19 | Il-2 m.H.?[Note 1]Шаблон:Refn | PQ 25 Ost 60663Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Balakliia |
48♠ | 7 January 1944 | 11:25 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 1] | PQ 34 Ost 29822Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Nova Praha |
65♠ | 13 March 1944 | 16:26 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 1] | PQ 25 Ost 60063Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Balakliia |
49♠ | 7 January 1944 | 11:28 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 1] | PQ 34 Ost 29684Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Nova Praha |
66♠ | 13 March 1944 | 16:29 | LaGG | PQ 25 Ost 60481Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northeast of Andreyevka |
50♠ | 7 January 1944 | 11:45 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 1] | PQ 34 Ost 19623Шаблон:Sfn PQ 19632Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west-southwest of Kirovohrad |
67 | 14 March 1944 | 06:14 | LaGG | PQ 25 Ost 70543Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Balakliia |
51♠ | 7 January 1944 | 11:49 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 1] | PQ 34 Ost 29373Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west of Kirovohrad |
68 | 14 March 1944 | 16:29?Шаблон:Refn | Il-2 | PQ 25 Ost 70512Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Balakliia |
52 | 8 January 1944 | 14:05 | P-39 | PQ 34 Ost 29392Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Kirovohrad |
69 | 15 March 1944 | 06:48?Шаблон:Refn | LaGG | PQ 25 Ost 70511Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Balakliia |
53 | 9 January 1944 | 14:05 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 1] | PQ 34 Ost 29511Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn vicinity of Kirovohrad |
70 | 17 March 1944 | 10:20 | Il-2 | PQ 25 Ost 60621Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Andreyevka |
54 | 23 January 1944 | 13:27 | LaGG | PQ 34 Ost 19292Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south-southwest of Alekandrovka |
71♠ | 19 March 1944 | 07:06 | Il-2 | PQ 25 Ost 70523,Шаблон:Sfn east of ParchamowszyШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Balakliia |
55 | 30 January 1944 | 14:27 | LaGG | PQ 34 Ost 19253Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Signajewka |
72♠ | 19 March 1944 | 07:08 | Il-2 | PQ 25 Ost 70611Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north-northeast of Izium |
56 | 26 February 1944 | 14:36 | P-39 | PQ 34 Ost 29562Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Kirovohrad |
73♠ | 19 March 1944 | 07:11 | LaGG | PQ 25 Ost 70642Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northeast of Izium |
57 | 7 March 1944 | 10:20 | Pe-2 | PQ 25 Ost 70321Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn vicinity of Shevchenkovo |
74♠ | 19 March 1944 | 07:35 | LaGG | PQ 25 Ost 70372Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn vicinity of Shevchenkovo |
58 | 12 March 1944 | 11:58 | LaGG?Шаблон:Refn | PQ 25 Ost 70512Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Balakliia |
75♠ | 19 March 1944 | 16:33 | LaGG | PQ 25 Ost 60623Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Andreyevka |
59 | 12 March 1944 | 12:01 | LaGG?[Note 2] | PQ 25 Ost 70374Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn vicinity of Shevchenkovo |
76 | 21 March 1944 | 13:22 | Il-2 | PQ 25 Ost 60624Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Andreyevka |
60 | 12 March 1944 | 15:46 | LaGG?[Note 2] | PQ 25 Ost 70562Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northeast of Izium |
77 | 21 March 1944 | 13:24 | Il-2 | PQ 25 Ost 60491Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north of Balakliia |
61 | 12 March 1944 | 16:06 | LaGG | PQ 25 Ost 70612Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north-northeast of Izium |
78 | 21 March 1944 | 16:16 | Pe-2 | PQ 25 Ost 70521Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Balakliia |
62♠ | 13 March 1944 | 16:05 | LaGG | PQ 25 Ost 70522Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Balakliia |
Шаблон:Center | 7 August 1944 | Шаблон:Center | P-51Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn | vicinity of Mysłowice |
63♠ | 13 March 1944 | 16:15?Шаблон:Refn | LaGG | PQ 25 Ost 60631, south of KalinowkaШаблон:Sfn PQ 60644Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Andreyevka |
Awards
- Front Flying Clasp of the Luftwaffe for Fighter Pilots in Gold (31 July 1943)Шаблон:Sfn
- Iron Cross (1939)
- 2nd Class (6 August 1943)Шаблон:Sfn
- 1st Class (7 September 1943)Шаблон:Sfn
- Honour Goblet of the Luftwaffe (Ehrenpokal der Luftwaffe) on 13 December 1943 as Feldwebel and pilotШаблон:Sfn
- German Cross in Gold on 5 February 1944 as Feldwebel in the 9./Jagdgeschwader 52Шаблон:Sf
- Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 27 July 1944 as Fahnenjunker-Feldwebel and pilot in the 9./Jagdgeschwader 52Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
Notes
References
Citations
Bibliography
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