Английская Википедия:Highways in Bulgaria

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Шаблон:Short description Highways in Bulgaria are dual carriageways, grade separated with controlled-access, designed for high speeds. In 2012, legislation amendments defined two types of highways: motorways (Шаблон:Lang-bg, Шаблон:Lang) and expressways (Шаблон:Lang-bg, Шаблон:Lang). The main differences are that motorways have emergency lanes and the maximum allowed speed limit is Шаблон:Convert,[1] while expressways do not and the speed limit is Шаблон:Convert.[2] As of October 2023, a total of 879,1 kilometers of motorways are in service.

Файл:Bulgaria Infrastructure Situation March 2023.png

Generally, there are no toll roads in Bulgaria, and instead a vignette is required, except for municipal roads. Two bridges − New Europe Bridge and Danube Bridge are tolled, both at Danube border crossings to Romania. However, introduction of toll system to replace the vignettes is under way as being a more fair form of payment.[3] In April 2016 the road agency launched a tender for implementation of an electronic toll collection system for vehicles heavier than 3.5 tonnes[4] and the contract was signed in January 2018.[5] Since January 2019, the electronic vignette is in charge instead of the sticker. Later, a toll system for vehicles over 3,5 tons got introduced.

Network map

Файл:Bulgaria Infrastructure Situation 2022.png

Шаблон:Highway system OSM map

History

Файл:Bulgaria Highways EN.svg
Motorways construction timeline between 1995 and 2015

The initial plan for construction of motorways dates back to 1973, when the government of Socialist Bulgaria approved a resolution to build a motorway ring, encompassing the country and consisting of three motorways - Trakia, Hemus and Cherno More.[6] By the democratic changes in 1990, a total of 273 km of motorways had been built in Bulgaria.[7] By 2007, the year of accession to the EU, this had increased to approximately 420 km with predominantly state funding.[7] The EU accession of the country in 2007, and the improved in the recent years utilization of the allocated EU funds enabled Bulgaria to speed up the expansion of its highway network. As of December 2018, Шаблон:Convert of motorways are in service, with another Шаблон:Convert being under various stages of construction.

The first fully completed motorway was Lyulin motorway, then designated A6, a short 19 km stretch connecting Sofia with Pernik and further merging with Struma motorway (A3) that continues to Greece at Kulata border crossing, opened in 2011. However, in 2018, the government decided to merge Lyulin motorway into Struma motorway as both are forming an interrupted route from Sofia to Greece.

After 40 years of construction, the first large motorway, spanning 360 km, Trakia (A1) was inaugurated on 15 July 2013, thus connecting the capital Sofia and Burgas, at the Black Sea coast.[8] Two years later, on 29 October 2015, the last remaining section of Maritsa motorway (A4), branching off from A1 nearby Chirpan and connecting with the border of Turkey at Kapitan Andreevo checkpoint, entered in service.[9] Sofia Northern Bypass motorway, an important thoroughfare north of Sofia, was inaugurated in 2015.

List of Motorways in Bulgaria

Файл:AB-grün.svg Motorway From Route To Planned In service % Under construction Tender Notes
Файл:Mw A1 BG.svg Trakia Sofia, Sofia Ring Road; Файл:Mw A2 BG.svg, Файл:Mw A3 BG.svg, Файл:Mw A6 BG.svg Ihtiman, Pazardzhik, Plovdiv, Chirpan; Файл:Mw A4 BG.svg, Stara Zagora, Sliven, Yambol Burgas 360 km 360 km 100% − − Completed on 15 July 2013[8]
Файл:Mw A2 BG.svg Hemus Sofia, Sofia Ring Road; Файл:Mw A1 BG.svg, Файл:Mw A3 BG.svg, Файл:Mw A6 BG.svg Botevgrad, Pleven, Lovech, Veliko Tarnovo, Targovishte, Shumen Varna 418 km 191 km 45.71% 52 km[10][11] 32.7 km Estimated completion by 2027[12]
Файл:Mw A3 BG.svg Struma Sofia, Sofia Ring Road; Файл:Mw A1 BG.svg, Файл:Mw A2 BG.svg, Файл:Mw A6 BG.svg Pernik, Dupnitsa, Blagoevgrad, Sandanski Kulata; Шаблон:Flagicon 172 km 143 km 83,14% − − Estimated completion by 2030[13]
Файл:Mw A4 BG.svg Maritsa Chirpan, Файл:Mw A1 BG.svg Haskovo/Dimitrovgrad Kapitan Andreevo; Шаблон:Flagicon 117 km 117 km 100% − − Completed on 29 October 2015 [14]
Шаблон:Nowrap beginФайл:Mw A5 BG.svg Cherno MoreШаблон:Nowrap end Varna Nesebar Burgas, Файл:Mw A1 BG.svg 103 km 8 km 7.77% − − Estimated completion by 2032[15]
Файл:Mw A6 BG.svg Europe[16] Sofia; Файл:Mw A2 BG.svg, Sofia Ring Road; Файл:Mw A1 BG.svg, Файл:Mw A3 BG.svg Slivnitsa Kalotina; Шаблон:Flagicon 63 km 47 km 73.1% 16.5 km[17][18] − Estimated completion by 2024[19]
Файл:Mw A7 BG.svg[[Ruse-Veliko Tarnovo motorway|Шаблон:Nowrap beginRuse-Veliko TarnovoШаблон:Nowrap end]][20][nb 1] Ruse, Danube Bridge; Шаблон:Flagicon towards Bucharest Byala Veliko Tarnovo 133 km 0 km 0% 7.9 km 67 km[21] Estimated completion by 2030[22]
Vidin-Montana[nb 1] Vidin, New Europe Bridge; Шаблон:Flagicon Montana, Ruzintsi Montana 125 km 0 km[23][24] 16,8% 63 km[25] − Estimated completion by 2026[26]
[[Rila motorway|Шаблон:Nowrap beginRilaШаблон:Nowrap end]][nb 1] Ihtiman, Файл:Mw A1 BG.svg Samokov, Dupnitsa; Файл:Mw A3 BG.svg, Kyustendil Gyueshevo; Шаблон:Flagicon towards Skopje 170 km 0 km 0% − − Estimated completion after 2030[27][28][29]
Total 1,661 km 865.5km 52,11% 133.4 km 138 km


Expressways

Expressway From Route To Planned In service % Under construction Tender Estimated completion
Montana-Botevgrad expressway Montana Vratsa, Lyutidol, Skravena Botevgrad Файл:Mw A2 BG.svg 72 km 31 km 43,05% 21.5 km − 2026[26]
Shumen-Ruse Shumen, Файл:Mw A2 BG.svg Razgrad Ruse, Danube Bridge; Шаблон:Flagicon 110 km − − − − −
Montana-Sofia Montana Barzia, Kostinbrod Sofia 82 km
Total 231 km 31 km 18,61% 21.5 km

Construction works on the 31.5 km section from Botevgrad to Mezdra and the 12.5 km Mezdra bypass are expected to begin in 2013. Also in 2012, were tendered design works on the section between Mezdra and Vidin.

Other highway projects

In 2012, the Bulgarian government announced talks with Qatar to build a South–North motorway/expressway as a PPP from Svilengrad, at the Turkish/Greek border, to Ruse, at the Romanian border. The route is part of the Pan-European Corridor IX. In October 2012, a tender for a feasibility study was announced.[30]

Future openings

Access to highway networks of neighbouring countries

Greece

Шаблон:See also Struma motorway connects near Kulata with the Greek A25 motorway (Serres – Lagkadas – Egnatia Odos). The route is part of the Pan-European Corridor IV.

Also an intersection on the Maritsa motorway is built near Svilengrad, to connect with the future A21 motorway in Greece.

Romania

Шаблон:See also Botevgrad–Vidin, Veliko Tarnovo–Ruse and Shumen–Ruse expressways, all branching off from Hemus motorway are planned to connect with Romania. The Botevgrad-Vidin expressway is likely the first to be built. The Romanian PM Victor Ponta made a statement after the inauguration of New Europe Bridge that Romania plans to build a motorway between Craiova and Calafat.[31]

Also, in long terms, Cherno More motorway is planned to connect with the future Romanian A4 motorway to Constanţa (interchange with A2 motorway, leading to Bucharest).

Turkey

Шаблон:See also Maritsa motorway (A4) connects near Kapitan Andreevo with the Turkish O-3 motorway, heading to Istanbul.

Serbia

Шаблон:See also A 31.5 km section of the Europe motorway from Sofia to Kalotina was tendered in 2012 and is expected to connect with the Serbian A4 motorway to Niš. The route is part of Pan-European Corridor X.

North Macedonia

Шаблон:See also

Dupnitsa-Kyustendil expressway branching off from Struma motorway is planned to connect with North Macedonia.

Gallery

See also

Notes

Шаблон:Commons category Шаблон:Reflist

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Шаблон:Motorways in Bulgaria Шаблон:Roads in Europe Шаблон:Motorways in Europe

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  7. ↑ 7,0 7,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 Шаблон:Cite news
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  14. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  16. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  17. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  18. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  19. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  20. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  21. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  22. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  23. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  24. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  25. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  26. ↑ 26,0 26,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  27. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  28. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  29. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  30. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  31. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news


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