Английская Википедия:Hillsborough (1774 ship)
Шаблон:Other ships Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Use British English
Шаблон:Infobox ship imageШаблон:Infobox ship careerШаблон:Infobox ship careerШаблон:Infobox ship characteristicsHillsborough was a three-decker East Indiaman launched in 1774. She made two voyages to India and China for the British East India Company. Her voyages took place during the American War of Independence, and she had just set out on her third voyage when a Spanish fleet captured her on 9 August 1780, together with almost the entire convoy of which she was a member. The Spanish Navy took her into service as Santa Balbina, a frigate of 34 guns. She was sold in 1794 for breaking up.
Voyages
Voyage #1 (1775-1776)
Captain Robert Preston left Portsmouth on 19 March 1775, bound for Madras and Bengal. Hillsborough reached Madeira on 16 April, Madeira, Johanna on 6 August, and Madras on 15 September, and arrived at Kedgeree on 24 October. On her return voyage she passed Barrabulla (or Barra Bulla), either the sandbank or head on the Hooghli River, on 22 January 1776. She reached Madras again on 9 February, St Helena on 25 May, and the Downs on 18 August.[1]
Voyage #2 (1778-1780)
Captain Pitt Collett left Plymouth on 9 February 1778, bound for Madras and China. Hillsborough reached False Bay on 21 April, Madras on 19 June, and Malacca on 26 August, and arrived at Whampoa on 27 September. She started home, crossing the Second Bar, about 20 miles down river from Whampoa, on 2 March 1779. She reached Balambangan on 1 June, St Helena on 24 September, and the Downs on 12 Jan 1780. [1]
Voyage #3 (1780-Loss)
Collett and Hillsborough left Portsmouth on 27 July 1780,[1] as part of an enormous convoy of 63 merchantmen, including four more East Indiamen, Gatton, Godfrey, Mountstuart, and Royal George.Шаблон:Sfnp Hillsborough was bound for Madras and Bengal, though the other vessels had diverse destinations, almost all being bound to the West Indies. The entire convoy was under the escort of Шаблон:HMS, under the command of Sir John Moutray, and three frigates, including the 36-gun frigates Шаблон:HMS and Шаблон:HMS.
On 8 August 1780 unusual sails were seen. Moutray signalled his ships to alter course and follow him close to the wind. They paid no attention to his orders. Unfortunately, the strange sails were a Spanish naval fleet, under the command of Admiral Luis de Córdova y Córdova, together with a squadron of French ships. The British convoy and their Spanish and French forces met at Шаблон:Coord.[1]
A frigate flotilla, commanded by Santiago de Liniers and part of the Concepción squadron, captured Hillsborough.[2]
The British warships escaped with eight of the convoy. The enemy captured the other 55 merchantmen, including the five East Indiamen and their cargoes worth £1.5 million, and 2,805 prisoners. It was a blow to British commerce, and especially to the forces in the West Indies, which lost a vast quantity of military stores.
The Spaniards took their prizes into Cadiz. Spanish reports indicate that "Helsbrek" had on board 130 men, apparently all crew. (Some of the other Indiamen were also carrying troops, women, and other passengers in addition to their crew.)[3]
The Spanish Navy took all five East Indiamen into service. Hillsborough became the 34-gun frigate Santa Balbina. In 1794 she was sold for breaking up.[4]
Citations
References
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокBLне указан текст - ↑ Santísima Trinidad, orgullo de la Armada española, by Pedro Amado Шаблон:In lang
- ↑ Listado de presas británicas capturadas por la escuadra de Luis de Córdoba en 1780 Revista de Historia Naval del Ministerio de Defensa – An incomplete list of the British ships captured by Admiral Luis de Córdova Córdova in 1780 Шаблон:In lang
- ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокHCMFне указан текст
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