It was declared the official national anthem of Spain on 7 April 1822 when the Cortes Generales approved the corresponding decree, which was signed by King Fernando VII in Aranjuez two days later and finally published in the Gaceta de Madrid on 14 April.[1]Шаблон:Rp However, the liberal government was overthrown and the constitution repealed by Fernando VII in October 1823, with the Marcha Real resuming its role as the national anthem.
In the First Republic of 1873 to 1874, part of the greater 1868–1874 Sexenio Democrático achieved by the overthrow of Isabella II in the Glorious Revolution, the anthem occupied a discreet position; the most popular anthems used at this time were "La Marseillaise" and the "Himno de Garibaldi". However, by the time of the Second Republic of 1931 to 1939, the anthem had once again gained popularity to the point of becoming the primary institutional representative of the government during this period.[1]Шаблон:Rp
Contrary to popular belief, the "Himno de Riego" was never declared the official anthem of the Second Republic. According to one opinion, it can be deduced that the republicans did not consider the 1822 declaration of the song as the national anthem superseded or repealed.[2]Шаблон:Rp
Let them tremble, let them tremble, let the wicked man tremble
At the sight of the soldier wielding the spear.
Refrain
The war trumpet echoes to the winds,
Affrighting the greedy, the cannon now roars.
The audacity of our nation provokes
And the genius [of our nation] invokes wrathful Mars.
Refrain
They show themselves: let us fly, let us fly, soldiers.
Do you see them terrified, their head lowering?
Let us fly, such that the free man has always known
Of the sold servant, the audacity bowing.
Refrain
First short version (1931–1939)
The following is the version used during the Second Spanish Republic (1931–1939). It consisted of verses one, three and seven of the original version, with a few minor lyrical changes.[1]Шаблон:Rp
They show themselves: let us fly, let us fly, soldiers.
Do you see them terrified, their heads lowering?
Let us fly, such that the free man has always known
Of the defeated servant, his head bowing.
Incidents involving the incorrect use of the anthem
1952 Cusco Cathedral bell dedication ceremony
Che Guevara claims that, when the famous bell of the Cusco Cathedral in Peru was rededicated at the expense of the Francoist Spanish government after a 1950 earthquake, the bell was made to play the Spanish national anthem, which then erroneously played the Himno de Riego, to the consternation of attending Spanish officials.[4]
1968 European championship controversy
On October 1, 1967, during the qualifying stage for the European championship in Prague, the "Himno de Riego" was performed by mistake instead of the then official anthem of Spain "Marcha Real".[5]
2003 Davis Cup controversy
At the 2003 Davis Cup finals held in Australia, James Morrison performed "Himno de Riego" instead of Spain's current national anthem, the "Marcha Real" (Royal March). Australian tennis officials claimed there was an error on the CD provided to the musician, but Spanish sport authorities still issued an official protest.[6][7]
Notes
1.Шаблон:NoteUsed by the Government in Exile until its dissolution in 1977.
