Английская Википедия:Hirsch Sommerhausen

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox writer Tzvi Hirsch (Hartog) Sommerhausen (Шаблон:Lang-he; 22 October 1781 – 5 March 1853)Шаблон:R was a German-born Dutch Jewish writer, poet, and translator. He was a central figure of the Haskalah in Holland.Шаблон:R

Biography

Early life

Hirsch Sommerhausen was born to Caroline (Шаблон:Nee) and Simon Sommerhausen in Niederwerrn, Franconia, where the latter was leader of the Jewish community.Шаблон:R His father previously spent some years in Berlin, where he was acquainted with Mendelssohn, and in Holland.Шаблон:R His mother belonged to a prominent rabbinic family.Шаблон:R

The family relocated to Berlin around 1790,Шаблон:R and migrated to Holland in 1797, a year after Batavian Republic emancipated its Jewish population.Шаблон:R There Sommerhausen devoted himself to teaching Hebrew, initially in Nijmegen and from 1799 in Amsterdam. During this period he learned German, Dutch, Flemish, French, Latin, Greek, English, Italian, Spanish, Russian, Arabic, and Syriac, acquired knowledge in mathematics, physics, and chemistry, learned drawing and engraving, and became quite strong on piano and violin.Шаблон:R In these endeavours he was mostly self-taught.Шаблон:R

Career

Файл:Hagadah le-leil shikorim.jpg
Title page of Hagadah le-leil shikorim (Hamburg, 1842).

In 1807, Sommerhausen co-founded the literary society Tot Nut en Beschaving ('For Common Welfare and Civilization'), which aimed to cultivate the arts and sciences and promote practical moral philosophy.Шаблон:R The following year, alongside Moses Lemans, M. C. Belinfante and others, he founded the Maskilic educational society Ḥanokh la-naʿar ʿal pi darko (Dutch orthography: Chanoch Lanangar Gnal Pie Darkoo), which was dedicated to improving Jewish education and promoting the use of Dutch instead of Yiddish among Jews in Holland.Шаблон:RШаблон:R The society was commissioned by Louis Napoleon to produce Dutch translations of the Tanakh and siddur.Шаблон:R

In 1817 he settled in Brussels,Шаблон:R where he became secretary of the main synagogue and founded a primary school for poor Jewish children with the financial support of the Rothschild banking house.Шаблон:R He meanwhile continued to work as a private teacher for a number of prominent families, and held several public offices, including as editor of the Moniteur belge and translator of the Bulletin des lois. He lost his public functions in the aftermath of the Revolution since, though he refused to side with the Dutch in the conflict, the Belgian government considered him a Dutchman. From then on he worked only as court translator in a dozen languages at the Court of Appeal and the Supreme Tribunal.Шаблон:R

Sommerhausen was granted a doctorate in philosophy and letters by the University of Louvain.Шаблон:R He was a member of more than twenty learned societies, such as the Academies of Metz, Nancy, Antwerp, and Ghent, the Nordic Society of Antiquaries, and the historical academy of Utrecht.Шаблон:R In Freemasonry he reached the 33rd degree, the highest of the Scottish Rite.Шаблон:R

Death

Sommerhausen suffered for asthma for many years, which ended his life on 5 March 1853 at the age of 71.Шаблон:R Шаблон:Ill, Chief Rabbi of Belgium, and Louis Lassen, president of the Шаблон:Ill, delivered eulogies at his funeral.Шаблон:R

Selected publications

References

Шаблон:Reflist

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